upadrava (Rog Nidan)[1]-1.pptx must to know topic

Upadrava is a concept in Ayurveda that refers to complications that develop after the onset of a disease. Some of the things to know about upadrava include:

Types
Upadrava can be classified as Sthoola (major) or Anu (minor), and Sthanika (local) or Sarvadaihika (general). Sthoola upadrava is considered to be more fatal than Anu upadrava.

Causes
Upadrava develops when a disease is not treated properly and the patient continues to take the same nidana that caused the original disease.

Symptoms
Upadrava symptoms include Karapada Daha, Karapadasuptata, Toda (Shoola), Harsha / Chuchumaya (tingling sensation), Shosha (wasting), Dourbalya (weakness), and Angasaad (malaise).

Treatment
When the main disease is treated well, the complications will disappear.

Hetu, Linga and Aoushada are thethree sutras of Ayurveda these are ex-plained for swastha and atura.Roga is de-fined as a status of body or mind whichexerts ruja (pain or discomfort either bodi-ly or mentally or both).Vyadhi term is usedsynonymously for roga. Vyadhi’s are clas-sified as Swatantravyadhi and Paratantravyadhi.Vyadhi is a process, in which thesymptoms which manifests before thevyadhi are called as poorvaroopa and afterthe disease manifestation of vyadhi arecalled as the Upadrava i.e. complications.The origin of upadrava is either due toimproper management of disease or thecontinuation of vyadhi nidanas. Hencemanagement of upadrava is having at mostimportance or significance in Ayurveda.

DefinitionUpadrava’s are those which develop afterthe manifestation of main disease or duringthe disease process itself, which impliesupadrava manifests in the disease processitself but at the end of it.

Upadrava-That which arises after devel-opment of the disease.Aoupasargika2-That which is producedfrom the disease
CONCLUSIONUpadrava’sare the complicationswhich arise after the improper treatment ofthe vyadhi. Early treatment to the diseaseitself prevents from the manifestation ofupadrava. Once the upadrava developsmeans the vyadhi is incurable or difficultto cure. On the basis of this upadra-vachikitsa is divided in to vyadhichikitsa,upadravachikitsa and vyadhi and vyadhi and upadra-va chikitsa

are classified in to twotypes Sthoola and anu. Sthoola word canbe considered as number as well as gambi-ra avasta.Gambira means involvement ofdeeper dhatus. Eg: In prameha pidaka in-volvement of mamsa dhatu, and in vata-rakta involvement of medhadi dhatus.Anuupadrava can be considered as lessernumber of complications and uttanaavastha. Uttana avastha is that which isnot having involvement of deeper dhatus.The lakshana’s of the diseases can be con-sidered as anu upadrava. There are twopossibilities on types is sthoola upadrva isfatal and anu upadrava is not much fatal.Relation between Upadrava and Kriya-kala While explained in the review partdisease manifest due to nidana sevana, inthe vyakta avasta disease produces thesymptom

1. उपद्रव PRESENTED BY GUIDED BY SWATI S HUNAGUND DR.ANAND. D 1

2. INTRODUCTION व्यधिरुपरि यो व्याधिः भवत्युत्तरकालजः | उपक्रमविरोधि च स उपद्रवः उच्यते || (मा.नि.1/2, मधुकोश) उपद्रव is the complication produced in a disease. As a matter of fact this complication is also a disease with separate entity. उपद्रव develops after the formation of main disease. The etiology of दोषदुष्टि is similar for main disease and उपद्रव . EX – कफजकास develops after कफजपीनस . 2

3. DEFINITION उपद्रवस्तु खलु रोगोत्तरकालजो रोगाश्रयो रोग एव | स्थूलो अणुर्वा रोगात् पश्चात् जायते इति उपद्रव संज्ञः || (च.चि.विसर्पचिकित्सा /40) This is the stage where complications are seen in the patient or makes the disease worst and treatment difficult. उपद्रव is a stage of disease produced after the formation of main disease. It indicates the terminal stage of disease. It is dependent on the main disease and exhibited in the स्थूल (severe) or अणु (mild) form. 3

4. एव दोषेण प्रकुपितेन रोगः स भवति | तेनैव अपथ्य बललब्धेन सतः य अन्यः रोगः उत्पध्यते स उपद्रवः || (सु.सू.36/18) During the उत्पत्ति of रोग , दोषदुष्टि takes place in a particular intensity giving particular symptoms. Based on the symptoms चिकित्सा has to be given to balance the दोष वैषम्य . If the चिकित्सा administered is incorrect or if the patient does not respond to the चिकित्सा then the दोषदुष्टि continues to leading to worsening of the disease and patient. 4

5. व्याधि उत्पत्ति 5

6. SYNONYMS OF UPADRAVA • Upadrava – which arise after development of Disease.

• Aoupasargik – which is produced from the Disease. 6

7. 7

8. TYPES रोग एव स्थूलो अभिव्यक्तो अणुर्वा व्यक्तत्वाभावात् सूक्ष्मः | (गङ्गाधर) It is of 2 types – 1) स्थूल उपद्रव 2) अणु उपद्रव स्थूल उपद्रव is one which is visible or gross pathological deformity. अणु उपद्रव has very negligible amount of symptoms which may or may not be clinically noted. 8

9. STHOOLA UPADRAVA If the Disease has severe complications, and shows all its lakshanas .

• Eg .- Rajyakshma , Hrudroga develops as upadrava .

• When sthoola upadravas has powerful pathological effects and serious symptoms then such upadravas should be treated as a case of medical emergency.

• Eg ..- Pandu developed in Raktapradar vyadhi . 9

10. ANU UPADRAVAS If the disease having less severe complications and shows less Lakshanas then it is known as Anu Upadrava .

When Upadravas represents with mild pathology and mild symptoms, such Upadravas can be cured by treating Pradhan Vyadhi .

• Eg . In Jwar , pratishya - kasa develops as Upadrava .

In Trushna - Jwara , moha , kshya , kasa , shwas develops. 10

11. द्विधा स्वतन्त्र परतन्त्रत्वाद् व्याधयो अन्त्याः पुनर्द्विधा | पूर्वजाः पूर्वरुपाख्या जाताः पश्चादुपद्रवाः || (अ.हृ.सु.12/60) It is of 2 types – 1) स्वतन्त्र (independent / primary) 2) परतन्त्र (dependent / secondary) Later again it is classified as – 1) पूर्वरुप ( the one manifested before disease) 2) उपद्रव ( the one manifested in the later part of disease) 11

12. EXAMPLES कास develops after प्रतिश्याय राजयक्ष्मा develops after कास अतिसार follows ज्वर उदर develops after कामला गृहणी develops after अग्निमान्द्य श्वास as उपद्रव in हृद्रोग अरुचि as उपद्रव in पाण्डु 12

13. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN उपद्रव AND निदानर्थकर रोग S.N उपद्रव निदानर्थकर रोग 1) उपद्रव is the complication of a disease which develops after improper treatment of the disease. निदानर्थकर रोग are those where in one disease serve as etiology for another disease. 2) It is not considered as a separate disease. It is considered as a separate disease. 3) चिकित्सा is given to मूल व्याधि and in severe cases चिकित्सा is given to उपद्रव alone. चिकित्सा is given to निदानर्थकर रोग . 13

14. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN उपद्रव AND व्याधि S.N उपद्रव व्याधि 1) उपद्रव dependent on व्याधि for its manifestation. व्याधि can develop independently. 2) Does not have its own निदान, सम्प्रप्ति, and चिकित्सा Have its own निदान, सम्प्रप्ति, and चिकित्सा 3) चिकित्सा of the मूल व्याधि cures उपद्रव , sometime it needs specific treatment Needs व्याधि प्रत्यानिक or दोष प्रत्यानिक or both forms of चिकित्सा . 14

15. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN उपद्रव AND अरिष्ट S.N उपद्रव अरिष्ट 1) उपद्रव are developed at रोगोत्तरकालज . These develop at any stage or without any disease. 2) One can predict relation between दोष and उपद्रव . No relation between the अरिष्ट लक्षण and दोष . 3) बलवान् उपद्रव denotes कष्टसाध्यता or असाध्यता of disease. अरिष्ट is definite symptom denotes death which is असाध्य . 4) Always पुरुषाश्रित (present in body). Both पुरुषाश्रित and पुरुष अनाश्रित . 5) Helps in assessment of साध्य – असाध्यता . Helps in assessment of आयुमान (span of life). 6) Treatment of मूल रोग will pacify the उपद्रव . No treatment. 15

16. उपद्रवा’ S IN DIFFERENT DISEASES S.N व्याधि उपद्रव 1) उदर छर्दि, अतिसार, तृष्णा, श्वास, कास, दोउर्बल्या. 2) हृद्रोग भ्रम, क्लम, साद, शोष. 3) प्रतिश्याय दुष्ट पिनस, भादिर्य, अन्द्य, नयनामयं. 4) अजीर्ण मूर्च्छा, प्रलाप, प्रसेक, भ्रमा, मरण. 5) छर्दि संघ विट्, स्वेद, अम्भुस्रोतस, तृष्णा, श्वास, हिक्का. 6) शोथ छर्दि, श्वास, अरुचि, तृष्णा, ज्वर, अतिसार. 7) पाण्डु and कामला अरुचि, पिपासा, अग्निसाद, शोफ. 8) वातरक्त अर्बुद, अरोचक, श्वास, शिरोग्रहं. 9) विसर्प प्रक्लिन्न, शीर्ण, स्नायु, शिर, मांस, गन्ध. 10) प्रमेह प्रमेह पीडक 16

17. CHARACTERISTICS OF UPADRAVA It develops after the disease. Rogamadhyakalaja they manifests in the course of disease after actual symptoms develop.
It is mentioned as Rogaashreeya .
They are Apradhan .
They generally subside once the main disease is cured. It modifies the course of the disease leading to worse condition. 17

18. PROBABLE FACTORS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF UPADRAVA Nidan sevan .
Dosha prakopa .
Agni vikruti and Aam nirmiti .
Prakruti. Vyadhi asham shareer .
Desha.
Kala. 18

19. IMPORTANTANCE OF UPADRAVA • In case of sadhya-asadhyata of vyadhi .

• In case of Chikitsa :- Moola vyadhi chikitsa . Upadrava chikitsa .

• If Upadravas are not treated properly it may lead to fatal stage in patient.

• It features as the guideline to physician for prediction of prognosis and selection of treatment principles. 19

20. उदर्क उदर्क नाम उत्तरकालिनं फल | (च.सु.25/36) , (मा.नि) This usually appears as sequel to a disease that manifests after the disease is cured. उदर्क means the after effects of a disease appearing in the body of the patient once the primary disease is cured. EX- Manifestation of dry cough and weakness soon after jwara is cured Here the dry cough and weakness is उदर्क to jwara . They are just light symptoms and they are not disease. Therfore treatment is not required for उदर्क as it is temporary and not distressfull to the patient. 20

21. CONCLUSION • Upadravas represent the stage which is more troublesome, more lethal if not identified in proper time.

• Early treatment of the disease itself prevents from development of Upadrava . 21

22. 21