Urbanization

This presentation is a follow-up to the presentation entitled "Migration". It is aimed at lower school students and is inadequate for students preparing for major examinations. It looks at what urbanization is and what causes it.

1. Its Benefits and Hindrances
Created and Presented by Mr. D. Gooden
Teacher – Vere Technical High School

2. What is Urbanization?
•Urbanization is referred to as the migration of
people in large numbers from rural to urban
areas.
•Urbanization occurs mainly because of the
concentration of resources and facilities in
towns and cities.

3. What is Urbanization?
•The world's cities, including Kingston
and Montego Bay are growing
because people are moving from rural
areas in search of jobs, opportunities
to improve their lives and create a
better future for their children.

4. Attractions to Urban
Areas
(Pull Factors)

5. A large number of people are attracted to
urban areas because of:
•The availability of jobs
•Proper infrastructure – roads, water,
electricity etc.
•Availability of social services – health,
education, recreation, postal services and
police stations.
•A wide variety of entertainment and night
life facilities

6. Conditions in the
Rural Areas
(Push Factors)

7. •Scarcity of jobs except in agriculture, and most
people consider agricultural occupations to be
low-paying, labourious, risky and menial.
•Lack of infrastructure such as poor roads,
irregular water and electricity supplies.
•Poor facilities in education, health and security
•Lack of entertainment and recreational facilities.

8. Problems of Urbanization
Pressure on resources and
social services eg. water,
transport, health and
education.

9. More unemployment.

10. Increased crime rate,
especially since the typical
migrant may be young,
unskilled or inexperienced.

11. Development of slums
(ghettos) due to
inadequate housing. This
will add to the problem
of pollution.

12. Traffic congestion

13. Noise pollution

14. High levels of stress

15. Solving problems of urbanization

16. Limit the size of cities by
setting boundaries and
controlling population size.

17. Put a stop to using
agricultural lands for non-
agricultural purposes such
as housing.

18. Develop the rural areas by
providing recreation,
education, health care and
other social services.

19. Develop basic infrastructure in
the rural areas eg. roads, water
and electricity.

20. Encourage rural population to
participate in community
activities and use community
facilities.

21. Create jobs in rural areas by
building more factories to
employ more people.

22. Air quality worsens.

23. THE END