Use of satellite imageries in weather forecasting

Use of satellite in weather forecast

1. Use of satellite imageries in weather forecasting

2. What is weather forecasting? Weather forecasting is the application of science and technology to predict the condition of the atmosphere for a given place and given time. Weather forecasting are important because they are used to protect life and property. Farmers need information to help them for the planning and harvesting of their crops.

3. What is satellite imageries ? Satellite images are one of the most powerful tool use by meteorologists. They are essentially the eyes in the sky. These images reassure forecasters to the behavior of the atmosphere as they give a clear, and accurate representation of how events are unfolding.

4. Satellite imageries The resolution of the sensor defines the pixel size and the detail and Accuracy of Satellite imageries. 1. Spatial resolution : It is the area on ground represented by each pixel 2. Temporal resolution : It tells how often a satellite obtaining imagery of particular area. 3. Spectral resolution : It is the specific wavelength interval in electromagnetic spectrum. 4. Radiometric resolution : It tells how the sensor changes brightness of object . It’s range is expressed as power of 2^n. 5. View angle resolution: Number of angles at which ground objects are recorded.

5. SATELLITE IMAGERY

6. Procedure of Weather Forecasting 1. recording of weather data (temperature, pressure, wind speed and direction, cloud forms, humidity and precipitation, visibility, storms etc.) 2. collection of weather data from weather recording (observations centers ) stations scattered world over including both land and ocean surfaces 3.transmission of weather data collected form major weather stations to sub centers .

7. 4. Compilation of weather data. 5. Plotting of weather data on maps and daily weather records, synoptic charts etc. 6.Analysis of weather charts and maps with the help of electronic computers etc. 7. Final forecasting of weather and numerical modeling .

8. Geostationary Satellite: cannot see polar areas; 36,000 km above equator at fixed location;Same speed as earth’s rotation.

9. Polar-orbiting Satellite: 850 km above surface,nearly follow the meridion , cover the whole earth.

10. 3-D infrared imagery

11. VIIRS data display for (top) night time and (bottom) day time low clouds and fog over the Bering Sea, using NtMicro and DtMicro RGB composite images, respectively.

12. SATELLITE IMAGE OPERATORS 1.Arithmetic operators: Addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, exponent, compliment and negation. 2.Spatial transformation: Blurring, sharpening and filtering. 3.Edge,line and spot detection performs gradient transformation. 4.Colour conversion operator: Transform the image from one color model to another color model. 5.Geometric transformation: Rotation , scale and wrap.

13. Visible Satellite Image forecasting

14. Conclusion With the advancement of technology weather forecasting by using satellite images has developed to its level best, but there is still more scope for development because nature is so unpredictable. Natural calamity and weather disturbance causing devastating distructions , weather forecasting by using satellite images is very important.