Use of the Genetic Algorithm-Based Fuzzy Logic.pptx

Use of the Genetic Algorithm-Based Fuzzy Logic

1. PID CONTROLLER FOR LOAD FREQUENCY CONTROL IN TWO AREA INTERCONNECTED POWER SYSTEM PRESENTED BY, M.NIVEDHA(91762225001) M.E-I YEAR(PED) DEPT OF EEE, ACGCET,KARAIKUDI. ALAGAPPA CHETTIAR GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING& TECHNOLOGY (An Autonomous Institution affiliated to Anna University, Chennai) Karaikudi-630 003. UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF, DR.K.BASKARAN, PROFESSOR AND HEAD, DEPT OF EEE, ACGCET,KARAIKUDI.

2. CONTENTS Abstract Literature survey Introduction Block Diagram Two area interconnected power system Controller used Block diagram of MATLAB-Simulink Working Simulation and results Conclusion Reference

3. ABSTRACT In this study, in order to solve the LFC problem, control method was applied to a two area interconnected power system. A photovoltaic solar power plant (PV-SPP) was also connected, in order to identify the harmful effects on the frequency of the system. The control method exhibited a better performance because of the low overshoot and short settling time.

4. LITERATURE SURVEY S.NO TITLE YEAR AUTHOR DESCRIPTION 1. Load frequency control of power system under deregulated environment using optimal firefly algorithm International Journal of Electric power Energy System, 2016 Chandra Sekhar, G.T., Sahu , R.K., Baliarsingh . In this paper, a novel Firefly Algorithm (FA) optimized hybrid fuzzy PID controller with derivative Filter (PIDF) is proposed for Load Frequency Control (LFC) of multi area multi source system under deregulated environment by considering the physical constraints such as Generation Rate Constraint (GRC) and Governor Dead Band (GDB)  nonlinearity. 2. Stochastic particle swarm optimizaion for tuning of pid controller in load frequency control of single area reheat thermal power system International Journal of Electrical and Power Engineering, 2014 Jagatheesan , K.; ,Anand, B., Ebrahim, M. The new Particle Swarm Optimization technique (PSO) is used for optimizing Proportional Integral Differential (PID) controller gain values. The proposed technique can be used for the design of the proper PID controller for load frequency control with the help of different objective functions.

5. CONTINUED S.NO TITLE YEAR AUTHOR DESCRPTION 3. Tuning of fractional pid controllers with Ziegler–Nichols-type rules International Jouranl of signal process, 2007 Valério , D., da Costa, J.S. In this paper two sets of tuning rules for fractional PIDs are presented. These rules are quadratic and require the same plant time–response data used by the first Ziegler–Nichols tuning rule for (usual, integer) PIDs. 4. Fuzzy logic controller in interconnected electrical power systems for load-frequency control. International Journal of Electric Power Energy System, 2005 Kocaarslan , I., Çam , E. This study presents an application of a fuzzy gain scheduled proportional and integral (FGPI) controller for load-frequency control of a two-area electrical interconnected power system. 5. Genetic fuzzy pid controller based on adaptive gain scheduling for load frequency control Joint International Conference on Power Electronics (PEDES) , 2010 Kumar, A., Chanana , S This paper presented a genetic - fuzzy logic based Proportional-Integral-Derivative controller (GFPID) for automatic generation control of two area thermal-thermal power system. GA has been applied to simultaneously tune PID gains, membership functions and control rules of FPID controller to minimize the frequency deviations of the system against the load disturbances.

6. INTRODUCTION In the case of large frequency or voltage changes, the network is in danger of collapse. One way to eradicate this kind of problem is through load frequency control (LFC). In particular, it is quite difficult to stabilize the frequency in each area, because of the increase of the multi area. The most common control strategy for such systems is the PID controller.

7. Block diagram

8. TWO AREA INTERCONNECTED POWER SYSTEM In this study, a two area three source interconnected renewable energy power system was modelled, which is shown in the block diagram. A Thermal U nit (TU), a Thermal generator unit with a Reheat Unit (RTU), and a PV-unit were connected to the system as energy resources. Since the use of PV-units in grids has gradually increased in the last few years, a PV-unit was incorporated into the system.

9. CONTROLLER USED PID Controller P roportional-integral-derivative (PID) control method was preferred for load-frequency control in power systems. In this study, a PID control has been applied to the system and is simulated by MATLAB-Simulink. The output power of PV-unit was modelled to take into account climatic conditions. The LFC was achieved when the power obtained from the PV-unit changed.

10. CONTINUED…. The outputs are the generator frequency Δf and area control error (ACE) given by below equation, ACE = B Δ f + ΔP tie , The error input to the controllers is the respective ACE given by, 𝑒 1 ( 𝑡 ) = 𝐴𝐸𝐶 1 = 𝐵 1 ∆ 𝑓 1 + ∆ 𝑃 t𝑖𝑒 𝑒 2 ( 𝑡 ) = 𝐴𝐸𝐶 2 = 𝐵 2 ∆ 𝑓 2 −∆ 𝑃 t𝑖𝑒 The Ziegler-Nichols (ZN) method is used for calculating the optimum values of the parameters of the PID controller. “ K u ” is defined as the constant value of oscillation of the system and “ T u ” is the oscillation frequency. Their formulas are given in Table below

11. CONTINUED…. CONTROLLER K p K i K d PID CONTROLLER K p K i K d PID ZN method of detection parameters

12. BLOCK DIAGRAM FOR MATLAB-SIMULINK

13. CONTINUED…. START Give input ACE to PID controller of both areas Run the simulation and tune the PID based on the load demand R If tuned demand = required demand Obtain the overshoot and settling time value STOP YES NO

14. Continued…. Parameters of two-area power system with PV-unit B 1, B 2: 0.425 pu TR : 10 RG : 2.43 Hz/pu KR : 0.3 RR : 2.43 Hz/pu KP : 120 TG : 0.3 TP : 20 TT : 0.08 Tc : 20 C e : 1.6021917 10^-19 (C) T 1 - 2: 0.086 k : 1.380622 10 ^- 23 (J/K) I 0: 0.0002 (A) A : 100 Rs : 0.0001 ( W ) NS : 10 Iph : ISC : 5 (A) NP : 7 Sc : 100

15. WORKING Stable operation of power system requires matching between total load generation with total load demand and system losses. Due to rising and failing of load demand, the real and reactive power balance is disturbed. This results in deviation of system frequency and tie-line interchange power from their scheduled value. High deviation of system frequency may lead to system collapse.

16. CONTINUED…. Load frequency control is one of the major requirements in providing reliable and quality operation in multi-area power systems. LFC is continuously monitoring the system frequency and tie-line power and calculate net changes (known as area control error, ACE). Control the value settings of generators so as to keep ACE to its minimum value.

17. SIMULATION AND RESULTS

18. CONTINUED…. In this study, a PV-unit was added to the two area multi source interconnected power system. The LFC of the system was carried out to perform the PID controller. The results obtained by the PID controller for area 1 is settling time of 16.1 s and overshoot value of -0.0044 Pu as indicated in table below. When the situation at the 5th s is examined for area 2, the settling time value obtained is 11.3 s and the overshoot value is -0.0081 Pu as indicated in table below.

19. CONTINUED…. Changes of ACE 1 in the area 1 The detailed display of frequency, ∆ F 1 change in area 1 .

20. CONTINUED…. Design controllers Area 1 Load increase Overshoots Settling time(s) Area 2 Load increase Overshoots Settling time(s) PID -0.0044 16.1 -0.0081 11.3 The obtained results .

21. CONCLUSION In this project, a PID controller was proposed for frequency stability problems in a two area multi source interconnected power system. The systems and controller was designed and simulated with the MATLAB-Simulink program. Ultimately, since the overshoot values and the settling time values directly affect the operating lifetimes, operating costs, and efficiencies of the grid, the proposed PID controller would be beneficial and advisable for an interconnected power system with solar power sources. Because the overshoot and settling time value obtained are low sich as -0.0044 and 16.1s for area 1 and -0.0081 and -11.3s for area 2.

22. REFERENCE Goksenli , N.; Akbaba , M. Development of a new microcontroller based mppt method for photovoltaic generators using akbaba model with implementation and simulation. Sol. Energy 2016 , 136 , 622–628. Chandra Sekhar, G.T.; Sahu , R.K.; Baliarsingh , A.K.; Panda, S. Load frequency control of power system under deregulated environment using optimal firefly algorithm. Int. J. Electr . Power Energy Syst. 2016 , 74 , 195–211. Sahu , B.K.; Pati, T.K.; Nayak, J.R.; Panda, S.; Kar, S.K. A novel hybrid lus – tlbo optimized fuzzy- pid controller for load frequency control of multi-source power system. Int. J. Electr . Power Energy Syst. 2016 , 74 , 58–69. Rahmann , C.; Castillo, A. Fast frequency response capability of photovoltaic power plants: The necessity of new grid requirements and definitions. Energies 2014 , 7 , 6306–6322. Khooban , M.H.; Niknam , T . A new intelligent online fuzzy tuning approach for multi-area load frequency control: Self adaptive modified bat algorithm. Int. J. Electr . Power Energy Syst. 2015 , 71 , 254–261.

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