Use various types and kinds of sentences for effective communication of ideas---Complex Sentence.

LESSON IN ENGLISH

1. ENGLISH Use Various T ypes and Kinds of Sentences for Effective C ommunication of Information/ Ideas (Complex S entences) QUARTER 4 - WEEK 2 DA Y 1

2. Review ______ Lyn loved her mother and did not want her to get tired. ______ Lyn stayed at home and helped her mother with her guests. Directions: Read each pair of sentences. Write C before the statement that shows cause and E before the statement that shows effect.

3. 2. ______ Ben, Liz and Lyn hugged their mother saying “I love you, Mother.” ______ It was Mother’s birthday. 3. ______The police came to our house. ______Because the alarm went off. 4. _____ Sue dislikes carrots. _____ She ate one and got sick.

4. 5. _____ Cara’s dress was wrinkled. _____ Her mother ironed it.

5. Why do we need to use complex sentences in communication?

6. Directions : Sing this song excerpt from Bruno Mars’ song “Count on Me.” If you ever find yourself stuck in the middle of the sea, I'll sail the world to find you If you ever find yourself lost in the dark and you can't see, I'll be the light to guide you Find out what we're made of

7. When we are called to help our friends in need You can count on me like one two three I'll be there And I know when I need it I can count on you like four three two You'll be there 'Cause that's what friends are supposed to do, oh yeah Whoa, whoa Oh, oh Yeah, yeah

8. Directions: Read the following lyrics taken from the song you have just sang. If you ever find yourself stuck in the middle of the sea, I’ll sail the world to find you. B. Find out what we are made of when we are called to help our friends in need.

9. Which of the two clauses in a sentence A express a complete thought? Which does not? What two clauses made up sentence B? Which clause can stand alone? Which clause cannot?

10. The clause which expresses a complete thought and can stand alone is what we call an independent clause, while the clause which cannot stand alone and has incomplete thought is called a dependent/subordinate clause. Once these two clauses are put together, they make up a complex sentence.

11. A complex sentence is a sentence that is made of one independent clause and one or more subordinate clauses. An independent clause has a complete thought and can stand on its own. It is a complete sentence in itself. A subordinate/dependent clause, on the other hand, cannot stand on its own. It does not express a complete thought.

12. For example: DOH Secretary Francisco Duque paced around the Malacañang Conference Room (Independent Clause) As he waited for President Rodrigo Duterte’s phone call. Subordinating Conjunction (Dependent Clause)

13. Some common subordinating conjunctions are: after before though wherever although if unless therefore because as until so that whenever where since in order that whereas than when while

14. Activity 1 Directions: Snap your fingers twice if the sentence is complex and stomp your right foot once if it is not. 1. Classes in the Philippines shift into distance learning because of the COVID-19 Pandemic. 2. Students can only use the online learning modality this New Normal set up.

15. 3. Although face to face classes are prohibited, DepEd prepared modules and worksheets to ensure learning of the students. 4. Parents will serve as the students’ teachers since their kids will be home-schooled. 5. Distance learning is a unique opportunity for the students and it can also give them a chance to collaborate with others.

16. Activity 2 Directions: Choose the appropriate Subordinating Conjunction to connect the ideas in each sentence. Encircle the correct answer. 1. (Although, Therefore) the medical front liners are doing their best in battling this Pandemic, COVID-19 cases continue to rise everyday.

17. 2. Many jeepney drivers in Metro Manila chose to beg alms along the streets (so that, because) they have lost their only means of earning a living. 3. (Since, While) most hospital beds are already in full capacity, a lot of new COVID-19 patients will need to be transferred in Quarantine Facilities.

18. 4. Hundreds of doctors and healthcare workers are falling prey to the coronavirus on a daily basis (which, as) the number of COVID-19 cases surges in the country. 5. Thousands of Filipinos became jobless (before, after) the two-month implementation of the Enhanced Community Quarantine (ECQ)

19. Activity 3 Directions: Box the independent clause and underline the dependent clause in the following sentences. 1. Thousands of villagers in Batangas fled their homes when Taal Volcano suddenly rumbled into life last January 2020.

20. 2. Many people made their living off the rich land around the volcano before the volcanic eruption. 3. Footages of ruined pineapple fields which were coated in ash were released a week after the incident happened. 4. The people reckoned that they can slowly rebuild their lives if Taal will go back to sleep.

21. 5. Tagaytay is a popular getaway for Manila residents who often take boats on the lake around the volcano

22. Directions: Add a dependent clause to the following independent clause to make a complex sentence. 1. Medical health workers appealed the extension of the Enhanced Community Quarantine to the government because_____________________. 2. Bicycles became a famous mode of transportation after _________________.

23. 3. Rapid testing facilities for COVID-19 were established in many cities as _______________. 4. As soon as _______________, people’s lives are expected to get back to its normal routine. 5. A number of quarantine violators were arrested by the authorities although __________________.

24. Directions: Unscramble the letters before each number to complete the thought of each sentence. Let us always remember that : _____ sentence is made up of an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses. LECOPXM

25. An _____ clause can stand on its own and expresses a complete idea. PENENTINDED A _____ clause can’t stand alone and has incomplete thought. TENDENDPE

26. _____ conjunctions introduce the subordinate clause. ORDBINSUAGTIN

27. Directions: Complete the following sentences with the appropriate subordinating conjunction. Choose the letter of the correct answer. 1. The first case of Corona Virus in the Philippines was confirmed on January 2020, in a 38-year old woman _____ arrived in the country from Wuhan, China. A. which B. who C. when D. where

28. 2. A temporary travel ban was issued by the Philippine government as well as the other countries in world _____ prevent the spread of the virus. since B. so that C. in order to D. due to 3. Residents of Luzon during the ECQ were not allowed their homes _____ they need to buy essential needs. A. Unless B. because C. therefore D. although

29. 4. Checkpoints had been placed at all entry points to Metro Manila _____ the policemen check people for temperatures using thermal scanners. A. because B. which C. while D. though 5. In the New Normal set up, people could go out in public places _____ they practice social distancing. A. provided that B. in order that C. so that D. due to

30. Day 2

31. Directions: Do the THUMBS UP if the sentence is a complex sentence and THUMBS DOWN if not. Two Filipinos were killed because of a twin explosion in Beirut, Lebanon. 2. The two Filipino fatalities in Beirut were inside their employee’s homes.

32. 3. The twin explosion devastated Beirut’s port which shook buildings across the Lebanese capital. 4. Prime Minister Hassan Diab said in an interview that 2, 750 tons of agricultural fertilizer ammonium nitrate stored for years had blown up the warehouse. 5. The blasts were so massive they shook the entire city.

33. Directions: Read the two (2) short paragraphs. Paragraph 1 I woke up early. I ate my breakfast. I went to school. My teacher gave us a quiz. I studied last night. I answered all the questions. The quiz was easy. I felt happy.

34. Paragraph 2 Since I woke up early, I had enough time to eat my breakfast before going to school. When I arrived, my teacher gave us a quiz. Because I studied last night, I was able to answer all the questions easily. The quiz was not difficult, so I felt happy after finishing it.

35. Ask : Which one is clearer and more interesting? The first paragraph is very basic and repetitive. It lacks flow and does not show connections between ideas. The second paragraph, with complex sentences , makes the story more engaging and clear. It explains why things happened, creating a smoother and more interesting narrative.

36. Complex sentences help express relationships between thoughts, making communication more effective.

37. Directions: Read the sentences below. Examples of Complex Sentences: 1. Although Denise had some doubts, she found the courses very useful. The above example is a complex sentence : it has a dependent clause (a subject 'Denise' and a verb 'had'), followed by an independent clause (subject 'she' and a verb 'found') and forms a complete thought.

38. 2. Computers have come a long way since they first came on the market. This example begins with an independent clause (subject 'computers' and verb 'have come') that forms a complete thought, followed by a dependent clause (subject 'they' and a verb 'came').

39. INDEPENDENT/MAIN CLAUSE DEPENDENT/SUBORDINATE CLAUSE 1. We arrived 2. I was at the mall 3. People like to collect tropical fish DEPENDENT/SUBORDINATE CLAUSE before you left when the rain began because they have beautiful shapes and colors

40. These sentences can also be stated in other ways. Read these sentences. 1. We are oppressed, if our brothers are oppressed. 2. Our freedom is not secure, if our freedom is taken away. What connectors are used in these sentences?

41. The connector if shows condition that must be done before the action in the other clause will take place. Example: I will go with you. If mother allows me to go.

42. Other connectors used to introduce dependent clauses are:  Although, even, if and because introduce the reason or cause.  So that or in order that introduce the result

43. Example: My mother went to the market early so that she would be home before lunch.  While connects two clauses with actions happening at the same time Example: The class was quite while they were listening to the principal.

44.  Unless introduces a clause showing a negative condition Example: The baby will not stop crying unless you give her food.

45. Here is the complete list of connectors that you can use in writing complex sentences. after once until although provided that when as rather than whenever because since where Before so that whereas Even if than wherever Even though that whether If though while In order that unless why

46. Directions: Read the sentence carefully. Identify each as simple, compound or complex. Write S for simple, C for compound and CL for complex. 1. Come on time and I’ll be there. 2. Cross the street carefully 3. After getting up early, be sure to eat your breakfast.

47. 4. They want to rest before they eat their supper. 5. If you can come ahead of me, please wait for me

48. Activity 1 Directions: Identify the independent clause from the dependent or subordinate clause. Underline the independent clause and circle the dependent or subordinate clause. The first one is done for you. 1. When Elena called, you were not home yet.

49. 2. While I was walking to town, I found a new twenty-peso bill. 3. I put the books in my bag before I left. 4. The water is colder than I thought. 5. Her father bought a car which was very expensive.

50. Activity 2 Directions: Combine the sentences in each number into a complex sentence. Use appropriate connector from the box above and rewrite the sentence on the blank. 1. Accomplish your task. You have high marks. ___________________________________________________________________________________

51. 2. I do not understand. She does not like me. ___________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Wild animals in the forest are no longer found. The people had destroyed their homes. ___________________________________________________________________________________

52. 4. Please take care of my baby sister. My mother is away. ___________________________________________________________________________________ 5. He finished doing his homework. She finished her meal. ________________________________________________________________

53. Activity 3 Directions: Combine the two sentences to form a complex sentence. Use an appropriate connector and rewrite the sentence. I do not know. I should trust her or not. 2. She was allowed to borrow a book. She has no library card.

54. 3. Ana always follow her mother advice to stay at home. She will not be contaminated with the virus. 4. The plants will die. You will not water it. 5.He did his best to be an honor pupil. He knew his grade in Mathematics was low.

55. Directions: Identify the independent clause from the dependent or subordinate clause. Box the independent clause and underline the dependent or subordinate clause. 1. Come and see us when you return from Baguio. 2. We can’t go back to school unless the country is free of COVID19.

56. 3. The visitors were still applauding when the bomb exploded. 4. The team always exercises before the practice begins. 5. Whenever we are in Quiapo , we visit the church

57. What is a complex sentence? A complex sentence has one independent clause and at least one dependent clause. This means that the clauses are not equal, they use a co-ordinating conjunction that changes the rank of one or more of the clauses to make it less equal. For example:   My Dad laughed when I told a joke.

58. Directions: Put the appropriate conjunctions to various types of sentences listed below to form a complex sentence. Write your answers on the blank. Whenever Since Where Even though unless if while because whereas 1. The child was crying ______________ his mother was cooking.

59. Whenever Since Where Even though unless if while because whereas 2. They will not join the program _________________ they are given special seats. 3. Some insects are harmful _______________ they eat the leaves of the plants.

60. Whenever Since Where Even though unless if while because whereas 4. Jay joined the Boy Scouts camping ______________ his brother stayed at home. 5. The scientist invented new machines and equipment _______________ they wanted to make life comfortable

61. ENGLISH Compose Clear and Coherent S entences U sing A ppropriate G rammatical S tructures: Subordinating and Coordinating Conjunctions QUARTER 4 - WEEK 2 DA Y 3

62. What is a complex sentence?

63. Directions: Read the story about “My First Train Ride.” My First Train Ride Just as I woke up on Saturday morning, my dad told me he has a surprise! Though it wouldn’t be revealed until 1 p.m., dad told me that this surprise is something that I was definitely going to enjoy!

64. As soon as I heard about the surprise, I jumped out of bed and got ready for the day. Although I was busy getting ready, I tried to keep guessing what the surprise could be! Once it was 12:30 in the afternoon, dad said that we needed to go to the car so we could arrive at the surprise on time.

65. Once we were all packed in the car, we left to drive to the surprise. Until we arrived, I kept thinking what the surprise could be. Just as we pulled into a parking lot, I saw a train. I asked dad if we are going on a train ride, as soon as I asked him, he smiled. Before he could say anything else, I knew that’s the surprise. Just as we got out of the car, we heard the buzzing from the train that it’s closing and it’s ready to go.

66. Even though we don’t have running shoes, we ran to make sure we hopped onto the train before it leaves. While on the train, we had a wonderful time and met many people. Whenever I see a train now, I think of this fond memory. It was my very first train ride.

67. Directions: Read and analyze the sentences taken from the story, “My First Train Ride.” 1. I jumped out of bed and get ready for the day. 2. Dad said that we needed to go to the car so we could arrive at the surprise on time. 3. While on a train, we had a wonderful time!

68. 4. Once we were all packed in the car, we left to drive to the surprise. 5. Even though we don’t have running shoes, we ran to make sure we hopped onto the train before it leaves.

69. What is the highlighted word in the first sentence? In the second? Third? Fourth? Last? What do you call these highlighted words?

70. A conjunction is a word that connects or join together words, phrases, clauses or sentences. There are two kinds of conjunctions: the subordinate and coordinate conjunctions . Coordinating conjunctions are used to connect two or more simple sentences or clauses called independent clauses.

71.   Examples: ❖ Erning drank some water for he was thirsty. ❖ Maria doesn’t drink milk nor does she eat butter. ❖ Tasyo studied a lot but he didn’t pass the test. ❖ Jose can buy a book or he can borrow it from the library. ❖ Protacio woke up early for school yet he was still late.

72. It is easier to remember the coordinating conjunction if you think of the word FANBOYS. Coordinating Conjunctions Functions For Presents a reason And Presents non-contrasting ideas Nor Presents non-contrasting negative ideas But Presents contrast Or Presents an alternative or a choice Yet Presents a contrast or exception So Presents a consequence

73. Subordinating or coordinating conjunctions connect or join a dependent clause to an independent clause in a sentence. You can write most sentences with a subordinating conjunction in one or two different ways. Example: When my friends arrived, I was still doing my homework.

74. I was still doing my homework when my friends arrived.   If a sentence begins with a subordinating conjunction, use a comma to separate the two clauses.

75. These are some of the examples of subordinating conjunctions. After Before If So that When Although By the time In case Than Whenever As Even if Now that The first time Whether or not As soon as Even though Once Unless While because Every time Since until Why

76. Activity 1 Directions: Compose clear and coherent sentences by pairing the conjunctions to sentences in the first and third column. Make sure your sentences will make sense. Do this in your notebook.

77. I like coffee. for I have a headache. I’ve drunk six cups of coffee today. but She ate everything immediately. She must have been hungry. nor My wife prefers tea. He doesn’t eat cake. yet Does she eat biscuits? He is overweight and feels terrible. so He continues to eat lots of cakes and biscuits.

78. Activity 2 Directions: Complete the sentences below to form clear and coherent sentences using subordinate conjunctions. Do this in your notebook I will study hard while ___________________________________________________________________. 2. My mother has to work for hours because _______________________________________________.

79. 3. I need to think hard if ___________________________________________________________________. 4. I could not finish it although _____________________________________________________________. 5. I will go home when ____________________________________________________________

80. Activity 3 1. Stir together 1 cup butter and 1 1⁄2 cups of brown sugar in a bowl. or Then, add 2 eggs. Put 2 cups of flour into another bowl and add I teaspoon of baking soda. so Stir. 3. Combine the wet and dry Ingredients. but Also add 1 cup of nuts with the chips if you like nuts. 4. Add 2 cups of chocolate chips to the mixture. and Place the spoonful about 1 1⁄2 inches apart. 5. Drop spoonful of butter onto the cookies for 10 minutes. and Take them out of the oven when they turn golden brown.

81. Directions: Compose clear, coherent and original sentences using the given subordinate conjunctions. Do this in your notebook. 1. Because __________________________________________________________________ 2. So that __________________________________________________________________

82. 3. When _________________________________________________________________ 4. If __________________________________________________________________ 5. Although _________________________________________________________________

83. Directions: Complete the ideas below based on what you have learned from this topic. ❖ A conjunction is a word that __________ or ___________ together words, phrases, clauses or sentences. ❖ There are two kinds of conjunctions: __________ and __________.

84. ❖ Subordinating or coordinating conjunctions connect or join a __________ clause to an __________clause in a sentence. ❖ __________ conjunctions are used to connect two or more simple sentences or clauses called independent clauses. ❖ __________ conjunctions are used to connect one dependent or one or two independent clauses.

85. Directions: Compose clear and coherent sentences by combining each pair using appropriate coordinating and subordinating conjunctions. Do this in your notebook. 1. Angel lives in Bulacan. Her cousin lives in Valenzuela. A. and B. or C. yet D. but 2. Mario joined the prayer rally. His brother stayed at home. A. or B. but C. nor D. and

86. 3. Roberto wanted to buy books. He could not find what he wanted. A. nor B. or C. but D. so 4. I love and respect my grandparents. They take care of me, too. A. because B. while C. unless D. since 5. He didn’t get the promotion. He worked hard for it. A. yet B. since C. unless D. if

87. Day 4  

88. Directions: Read two simple sentences on the board.   a. I woke up late. I missed the bus. b. She likes to read. She also enjoys painting.   Ask: How they can be connected ?

89. Ask:   Have you ever used words like ‘and,’ ‘but,’ or ‘because’ when speaking or writing?” Conjunctions help us link ideas smoothly in both spoken and written communication.

90. Three types of conjunctions: a. Coordinating Conjunctions (FANBOYS: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) b. Subordinating Conjunctions (because, although, since, unless, while, etc.) c. Correlative Conjunctions (either...or, neither...nor, both...and, etc.)

91. Conjunctions are words that are called “joiners.” They connect words, phrases, and clauses. There are three kinds of conjunctions: Coordinating, Subordinating, and Correlative.

92. Coordinating Conjunctions – are seven words (FANBOYS) called “joiners .”   They connect words, phrases, clauses, and equal parts of a sentence to make it more meaningful, and clearer. Remember the acronym FANBOYS. F = for, A = and, N = nor, B = but, O = or, Y = yet, S = so

93.   For example:   You can eat your cake with a spoon or fork.   My dog enjoys being bathed but hates getting its nails trimmed.

94. Subordinating Conjunctions – connect and join together the main clause or an independent clause (can stand alone as one sentence), and or a subordinate clause or dependent clause (has no complete thought and cannot stand alone).

95. Cause: because, in order that, since, so that   Concession & Classification: although, even though, though, while   Condition: even if, if, in case, provided that, rather than, as long as, unless   Place: where, wherever

96. Time: after, as soon as, if, before, once, until, when, whenever, while, till   For example: As Sherri blew out the candles atop her birthday cake, she caught her hair on fire.   Sara begins to sneeze whenever she opens the window to get a breath of fresh air.

97. Correlative Conjunctions – are used in pairs. They use parallel structure, which means that the same grammatical forms appear on each side of the conjunction. both --- and, neither --- nor, not only --- but also, either-or, not --- but, whether --- or, as --- as

98. For example: She is both intelligent and beautiful.   I will either go for a hike or stay home and watch TV.

99. Activity 1  Directions: Encircle the coordinating conjunction in each sentence. 1. Space scientists try to find out how the solar system is formed and if the planetary systems are common. 2. The exploration of Jupiter consisted solely of a number of automated NASA spacecrafts, but most of these merely observed the planet from a distance.

100. 3. The Mars expeditions eventually sent back samples of the soils and they even deployed a robot rover to roam the surface. 4. Weather satellites have also been launched into space for they give immediate warning of cyclones. 5. The NASA continues to build rocket ships, yet worries about dangers that this pose.

101. Activity 2 Directions: Underline the correct subordinating conjunction in the parenthesis that complete the sentence. 1. Everything that they enjoy on Earth, like air, gravity and time of day, is cut off ____astronauts travel into space. (when, where, although) 2. Pioneer Venus 2 launched its probes ____ it approached Venus. (if, then, as)

102. 3. Astronauts have small oxygen tanks on them_____ they can breathe during their space walks. (though, so that, unless) 4. Astronaut just tied up on a bunk ___he is sleeping. (since, while, in order that) 5. _____everything in a cabin over spacecraft is weightless, astronauts have to learn how to eat, sleep and move about while floating. (Although, If, In case)

103. Activity 3 Directions: Complete each sentence using the correct correlative conjunctions from the box. either . . . or neither. . . nor just as, . . so both . . . and not only. , . but also whether . . . or

104. 1. The International Space Station is the outcome of ________ the effort of the United States _______ the scientific and technological resources of fifteen nations, including Canada, Japan, Russia and Brazil. 2. Canada is providing a 57-foot-long robotics arm to be used _____ for assembly support _______for maintenance services on the space station.

105. 3. ______the European Space Agency built pressurized module ______ Japan builds a laboratory with an attached exterior platform experiment. 4. Russia is providing ______an early living quarters called service module with its own life support and habitation system ____two research modules. 5. ________ Brazil ______Italy rejected the idea of contributing some equipment to the station.

106. Directions: Underline the conjunction in each sentence and identify its kind. 1. John calls his sister and tells her to come home early. __________ 2. He wants either the chocolates or the cake. ________________ 3. When Luna 9 made a soft landing on the moon, it was able take the first pictures they sent back to Earth. _________________

107. 4. The price tag makes it either the most ambitious or the most expensive scientific project in history. _________________ 5. Contestants are nervous but ready. _________________

108. What is conjunctions?   Conjunctions are words that are called “joiners.” They connect words, phrases, and clauses.   ● There are three kinds of conjunctions: Coordinating, Subordinating and Correlative .

109. Directions: Combine the two sentences into one using the conjunction in the parenthesis.   1. He will not spend his money. He will not invest it. (neither...nor) ___________________________________________________ 2. John is a doctor. His wife is a doctor. (both...and)

110. 3. He left home early. Still, he arrived late. (although) ___________________________________________________ 4. John did not work hard. So he failed in the examination. (if) __________________________________________________ 5. Iron is found in India. Coal is also found in India. (as well as)

111. Catch Up Friday