UTS REPORT, methods of Contraceptives G3.pptx

Chemistry of lust, love and attachment

1. CHEMISTRY OF LUST,LOVE AND ATTACHMENT

2. *self- sacrifice and have a good heart *patient *meditative and don’ ’ t feel lonely even their alone *have a big heart SHAPES AND YOU: Choose A Shape * love sex, , wine and pleasure *Idealist and visionaries *high expectation from their self and people around then *achievers, , leaders are in this category Triangle people Circle people Cross people *level headed and practical minded *happiness is very simple *they are very committed to their task and do it well with pleasure *Mostly managers are born of this type Square people

3. Have you ever stopped for a second to think about the science and psychology of falling in love or why you are falling in love with that special someone?

4. The Three Stages of Love STAGE 1: LUST This is the first stage of love and is driven by testosterone the sex hormones, and estrogen in both men and women. Testosterone and estrogen are the two basic types of hormone present equally in men and women’s body that excites the feeling of lust within the brain STAGE 2: ATTRACTION This is the phase when a person actually starts to feel the love This is the amazing time when you are truly love struck and can think of a little else Scientists think that 3 main neurotransmitters are involve in this and stage; Adrenaline, dopamine serotonin STAGE 3: ATTACHMENT When a couple passes through the two stages of love successfully, the time of bonding with each other becomes powerful. Attachment is a bond helping the couple to to take their relationship to advance level. It instigate the feeling of bearing a children and falling in love with them wholeheartedly.

5. WHAT CAN WE DO? Understanding the science of lust, attraction and attachment can help you more develop more realistic expectations of your relationship . Below are some tools to guide you through the stages of love: Don’t mistake lust for love Keep the dopamine flowing in a long - term relationships by having date nights, studying your lessons or going on trips in which you do novel things and exciting things together. Keep the oxytocin flowing by writing cards or sending text messages, think of your partner when he/she is not around, share your hopes and dreams and support those of your partner. If you’re the jealous, controlling type, start developing your own activities and friendship that makes you feel important and cared about.

6. “REAL LOVE LASTS , AND I I S NOT ABOUT OUR I I N I I T I I A L B I I OCHEM I I CA L H I I GH - BECAUSE THAT H I I G H CAN NEVER LAST . . I I SUPPOSE I I T S PURPOSE I I S ONLY TO GET PEOPLE TOGETHER . . HOWEVER , , STAY I I N G TOGETHER I I S ABOUT A MUCH DEEPER EMOT I I ONA L I I NT I I MAC Y AND COMM I I TMENT , , NOT BRA I I N CHEM I I CAL S AND HORMONES . . ”

7. WHAT TURNS PEOPLE ON? Desire, attraction, and excitement – the fundamental human experiences that captivate our senses. What is sexual arousal? What does it mean to “feel horny”? And what does this have to do with emotion? Sexual arousal, or being “turned on,” can be defined as the combination of cognitive and physical responses to an erotic stimulus, which in turn can be internal or external.

8. Many studies have looked at what happens in the brain during sexual arousal, usually observed in the context of subjects responding to visual erotic stimuli, colloquially termed “sexy or dirty pictures.” ( Mouras et Stoléru 2005) Studies have found that when people are primed to be in a good mood, they experience higher subjective and physiological sexual arousal ( Koukounas and McCabe, 2001) sexual response is common in depression, a condition characterized by low positive affect, then in anxiety, which is a condition of high negative arousal. In fact, anxiety has been shown to facilitate sexual arousal, presumably because as a state of high physical arousal, it exacerbates sexual arousal. At the same time, studies have shown how sexual arousal influence affect, such as by diminishing stress levels (Hamilton et al., 2008). So, what did we learn? That feeling “turned on” implies a variety of cognitive, physiological, and neurological processes, which include and are influenced by emotion.

9. THE PHASES OF SEXUAL RESPONSE

10. PHASES OF SEXUAL RESPONSE EXCITEMENT- (also known as arousal phase or initial excitement phase) the first stage of human sexual response cycle. PLATEAU- this is the period of sexual excitement prior to orgasm. * In male: Increased size of head of penis, color of penis to purplish Testis move further in towards the body, and increase in size * In female: Vaginal swelling, contraction of vaginal opening Labia minora increase in size and purple color

11. ORGASM- is the conclusion of the plateau phase of the sexual response cycle and is experienced by both male and female Orgasm (In Male) First stage: Contractions in the vas deferens, seminal vesicles, and prostate cause seminal fluid to collect in the urethra. Second stage: Muscles contract around the urethra, propelling ejaculate out of the body. Highly pleasurable feeling accompanies orgasm. Orgasm (In Female) Orgasm in females involves contractions of pelvic muscles around the vagina. There are also contractions of the uterus and anal sphincter in a throbbing or rhythmic manner. Muscle spasms occur, and there is an increase in blood pressure and heart rate. The contractions are experienced as highly pleasurable feelings of release. There is no difference between vaginal and clitoral orgasms.

12. RESOLUTION The resolution phase follows orgasm and allows the body to relax and return to a normal state. The refractory period, experienced by men, is the time when they are unable to orgasm again. Women also experience a refractory period. Male After orgasm, the male experiences loss of erection as blood flows out of the penis. The scrotum and testicles return to their normal stage. There is a general feeling of relaxation. The refractory period follows, during which the person is generally unable to have another erection. The detumescence of the penis occurs in two stages, with the penis decreasing in size during the refractory period and returning to a flaccid state afterward. Female After orgasm, blood flows out of engorged areas of the female body, leading to decreased swelling and muscle tension. Skin flushes also subside. There is a general feeling of relaxation. Women have the ability to orgasm again quickly with effective stimulation, allowing for multiple orgasms in a short period of time.

13. THE DIVERSITY OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR

14. The Diversity of Sexual Behavior Sexual behavior serves the purpose of species perpetuation. The diversity of sexual behavior includes gender and sexual diversity (GSD). GSD encompasses various sex characteristics, sexual orientations, and gender identities. Western classifications of sexual orientation and gender identity are limited. New theories propose more complex understandings of sexual orientation and gender identity. Intermediate sexual orientations like heteroflexible or homoflexible can be experienced. Gender identity Sexual orientation is a person's emotional and erotic attraction toward another individual. On the other hand, gender identity refers to one's sense of being male or female. Generally, our gender identities correspond to our chromosomal and phenotypic sex, butthis is not always the case.  

15. Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Issues There's a lot more to being male, female, or any gender than the sex assigned at birth. Your biological or assigned sex does not always tell your complete story. Sex is a label assigned at birth based on genitals and chromosomes. Gender is a social construct, not determined by biological characteristics. Gender influences societal organization and various aspects of life.

16. Solitary sexual behavior Sexual behaviors and fantasies are distinct but can be intertwined. Sexual fantasies are mentally arousing imagery. - Common fantasies include replacement fantasies and forced-sex fantasies. Sexual fantasies do not necessarily reflect desires for infidelity or sexual assault. During social lockdowns, changes in sexual fantasies and solitary sexual practices were observed. Factors like living arrangements, relationship status, and gender influenced these changes. Solitary sexual practices increased due to factors like boredom and limited physical interactions. Understanding the diversity of sexual behaviors and the significance of solitary sex is important for sexual health and well-being.

17. LGBTQ+ LGBTQ+ is an umbrella term for diverse gender and sexual orientations. L stands for lesbian (women attracted to women). G stands for gay (attracted to the same gender). B stands for bisexual (attracted to both men and women). T or Trans/Transgender refers to those who don't identify with their assigned gender at birth. Q stands for queer, a term for those questioning their identities or who prefer a broader label. Intersex individuals have mixed biological traits. - Asexual individuals lack interest in or desire for sexual activity. Pansexual individuals are attracted to others regardless of sex or gender.

18. Sociocultural Factors Sociocultural factors influence issues related to sexual orientation and gender identity. In the Philippines, individuals are classified as male or female only. In Thailand, there are more than two recognized categories: male, female, and kathoey. Kathoey individuals would be described as transgender in western cultures.

19. Children’s gender identities are influenced by their upbringing and social environment. Parental teachings and authority figure influence shape children's interests, preferences, behaviors and self-concept. Children whose parents adhere to strict gender- stereotyped roles are more likely to adopt those roles as adults. Peer with parents who provide less stereotyped and more neutral models have greater flexibility in their gender roles.

20. STD Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), or sexually transmitted infections (STIs), are infections that are passed from one person to another through sexual contact. They are usually spread during vaginal, oral, or anal sex. But sometimes they can spread through other sexual contact involving the penis, vagina, mouth, or anus. This is because some STDs, like herpes and HPV, are spread by skin-to-skin contact.

21. SYMPTOMS OF A PERSONWITH STD Sores or bumps on the genitals or in the oral or rectal area. Painful or burning urination. Discharge from the penis. Unusual or odorous vaginal discharge. Unusual vaginal bleeding. Pain during sex. Sore, swollen lymph nodes, particularly in the groin but sometimes more widespread. Lower abdominal pain.

22. TREATMENT OF A PERSON WITH STD STDs  may be treated in different ways based on the causes. Sexually transmitted infections caused by bacteria are generally easier to treat.  STI  infections caused by viruses can be managed and treated but not always cured . Antibiotics. Antibiotics, often in a single dose, can cure many STIs caused by bacteria or parasites, such as gonorrhea, syphilis, chlamydia and trichomoniasis. -Antibiotic treatment should be completed, and if not possible, seek a shorter course. Avoid sexual activity for seven days after treatment and healing of sores.

23. COMMON STD’s IN THE PHILIPPINES 1. HIV: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a significant concern in the Philippines, with a high prevalence rate. HIV can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) if not properly managed. 2. Syphilis: Syphilis is another common STD in the Philippines. It is a bacterial infection that can cause serious health complications if left untreated. 3. Human Papillomavirus (HPV): HPV is prevalent in the Philippines and can lead to genital warts and various types of cancers, including cervical cancer. 4. Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV): HSV, which causes genital herpes, is also a common STD in the Philippines. It can be transmitted through skin-to-skin contact and presents with painful sores or blisters in the genital area.

24. METHODS OF CONTRACEPTIVES

25. THERE ARE TWO METHODS OF CONTRACEPTIONS:

26. NATURAL METHOD ABSTINENCE - this natural method involves refraining from sexual intercourse and is the most effective natural birth control method with ideally 0% fail rate.   CALENDAR METHOD - this method is also called as the rhythm method. It entails withholding from coitus during the days that the woman is fertile.   BASAL BODY TEMPERATURE - indicates the woman's temperature at rest. Before the day of ovulation and during ovulation, BBT falls at 0.5F; it increases to a full degree because of progesterone and maintains its level throughout the menstrual cycle.   CERVICAL MUCUS METHOD - the change in the cervical mucus during ovulation is the basis for this method. During ovulation, the cervical mucus is copious, thin, and watery.   ARTIFICIAL METHODS ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES - also known as the pill, oral contraceptives contain synthetic estrogen and progesterone. TRANSDERMAL PATCH - contains both estrogen and progesterone. The woman should apply one patch every week for three weeks on the following areas: upper outer arm, upper torso, abdomen, or buttocks. VAGINAL RING - releases a combination of estrogen and progesterone and it surrounds the cervix. This silicon ring is inserted into the female reproductive organ and remains there for three weeks and then removed on the fourth week, as menstrual flow would occur  SUBDERMAL IMPLANTS - are two rod-like implants inserted under the skin of the female during her menses or on the seventh day of her menstruation to make sure that she will not get pregnant. HORMONAL INJECTIONS - contains medroxyprogesterone, a progesterone, and is usually given once every 12 weeks intramusculalry . The injection causes charges in the endometrium and cervical mucus and can help prevent ovulation. INTRAUTERINE DEVICE - a small, T-shaped object containing progesterone that is inserted into the uterus via the female reproductive organ. It prevents fertilization by creating a local sterile inflammatory condition to prevent implantation of the zygote.  

27. SYMPTOTHERMAL METHOD - basically a combination of the BBT method and the cervical mucus method. The woman records her temperature every morning and also takes note of changes in her cervical mucus.   OVULATION DETECTION - uses an over-the-counter kit that requires the urine sample of the woman. The kit can predict ovulation through the surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) that happens 12 to 24 hours before ovulation. COITUS INTERRUPTS - one of the oldest methods that prevents conception. A couple still goes in with coitus, but the man withdraws the moment he ejaculates to emit the spermatozoa outside of the female reproductive organ. CHEMICAL BARRIERS - such as spermicides, vaginal gels and creams, and glycerin films are used to caused the death of sperm before they can enter the cervix and to lower the pH level of the female reproductive organ so it will not become conducive for the sperm. DIAPHRAGM - it is a circular, rubber disk that fits the cervix and should be placed before coitus. It works by inhibiting the entrance of the sperm into the female reproductive organ and it works better when used together with a spermicide MALE CONDOMS - is a latex or synthetic rubber sheath that is placed on the erect male reproductive organ before penetration into the female reproductive organ to trap the sperm during ejaculation. FEMALE CONDOMS - are made up of latex rubber sheaths that are pre- lubricated with spermicide. They are usually bound by two rings. The outer ring is first inserted against the opening of the female reproductive organ and the inner ring covers the cervix. SURGICAL METHODS - During vasectomy, a small incision is made on each side of the scrotum. The vas deferens is then tied, cauterized, cut, or plugged to block the passage of the sperm. In women, tubal ligation is performed after menstruation and before ovulation.

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