Ventriular assisted device for ventricle

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1. PRESENTED BY; MISS RIMSHA NOOR

2. VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICES A ventricular assist device (VAD) is a mechanical pump that is implanted inside or outside the body to assist the heart in pumping blood. VADs are typically used in patients with severe heart failure or those awaiting heart transplant

3. DEFINITION A ventricular assist device (VAD) is a mechanical circulatory support device designed to help the weakened heart pump blood effectively. It can be used to support one or both ventricles of the heart.

4. DESIGN Pump unit ( location of placement is based on patient past medical history, anatomy ad surgeon preference ) An inflow tube (attached to apex of left ventricle) An outflow (attached to aorta) Internal valves (allow the unidirectional flow of blood ) Power leads (pass from the internal device through skin and outside the body) External controller and power base or battery pack

5. INSTALLATION Surgery to install VAD is performed under GA An incision is made in chest , then catheters are inserted into the heart and correct artery Then attaches tubing to connect the catheters to pump Pump stays outside the body Blood flows out the diseased ventricle into pump, then returned to correct blood vessel leaving the heart.

6. CARTEGORIES OF PATIENT CONSIDERED FOR VAD Severe heart failure Failure to wean from CPB Infection in heart wall Awaiting a heart transplant Undergoing high-risk procedures to clear the blockages in a coronary artery

7. CONTRAINDICATIONS chronic renal failure Pre-existing neurological impairment malignancy chronic liver failure Blood clotting disorder Severe lung disease Severe cerebral vascular disease Extreme youth or age >65 years

8. RISKS Bleeding from surgery (30-50%) Development of blood clots Partial paralysis of diaphragm Respiratory failure Kidney failure Failure of VAD Stroke or infection Damage to coronary blood vessels

9. TYPES There are various types of VADs, including: Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) : Supports the left ventricle, which pumps oxygenated blood to the body. Right Ventricular Assist Device (RVAD) : Supports the right ventricle, which pumps blood to the lungs for oxygenation. Biventricular Assist Device (BiVAD) : Supports both the left and right ventricles. Total Artificial Heart (TAH) : Replaces both ventricles of the heart.

10. TYPES EXTERNAL VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICES Pulsatile b. Non-pulsatile INTERNAL VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICES Pulsatile

11. EXTERNAL VAD PULASTILE DEVICES Thoratec pVAD ABIOMED BVS 5000 AB 5000 Systems NON-PULSATILE Medtronics BioMedicus pump Cardiac assist Tantem heart Levitronix CentriMag system

12. INTERNAL VAD Novacor ventricular assist device Thoratec heartMate VAD Axial flow pump

13. COMPLICATIONS BLEEDING THROMBOEMBOLISM INFECTION HEMOLYSIS MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE