verbal phrase and its different types of verbals.

Verbal phrase

1. VerbalsVerbals
PARTICIPLES, GERUNDS,
PARTICIPLES, GERUNDS,
INFINITIVESINFINITIVES

2. What is a verbal?
A verbal is a word derived from a verb that
functions as a noun or modifier.
There are three types of verbals:
participles
gerunds
infinitives
A WORD GROUP BASED ON A
VERBAL IS CALLED ‘VERBAL
PHRASE’

3. What is a participle?
A participle is a verb functioning as an
adjective.

4. Well, what is an adjective?
What is an adjective?
A word that modifies a noun or pronoun.
Adjectives answer the questions which one?
and how many?

5. Participles
A participle is a verb functioning as an
adjective.
There are two types of participles: past and
present.
oPast participles end in –ed
oPresent participles end in -ing

6. Note!!
Be aware of irregular verbs with –n, -t, or –en
endings
Example: torn, lost, written, etc.

7. Example
A raging fire destroyed the uninsured building.
◦What kind of fire? Raging (present participle)
◦What kind of building? Uninsured (past
participle)

8. Choose the word
that SERVES AS
participle to each
sentence.

9. moving
THE MOVING VAN WAS
PARKED BENEATH THE
TREE.

10. beaten
THE BEATEN EGGS ARE
IN THE BOWL ON THE
COUNTER BY THE
MICROWAVE.

11. freezing
I ENJOY FREEZING
TEMPERATURES IN THE
WINTER.

12. growling
THE GROWLING DOG
SCARED AWAY THE
CHILDREN FROM THE
PARK.

13. whistling
THE WHISTLING WIND
MADE AN EERIE
SOUND AT NIGHT.

14. Participial Phrases
What is a phrase?
A group of words functioning as a single part of
speech.
A participial phrase is a participle with its modifiers
and complements—all working as an adjective.

15. Example
The fire station located nearby promptly
responded to the fire.
We saw the hawk soaring effortlessly above
us.

16. Select the words that
form the participial
phrase.

17. A
A.Driving through the snow
B.my father had
C.to use caution.

18. B
A. The dinner
B. cooking on the stove
C. smelled wonderful.

19. A
A.pushing the wagon up the
hill
B.the paperboy
C.continued to deliver
papers.

20. A
A. Riding my bicycle,
B. I began
C. to breathe heavily.

21. B
A. The actor
B. overtaken by fans
C. hurried into the hotel.

22. A
A.Racing to the finish line
B.I smiled
C.victoriously to Anita

23. What is a gerund?
A verbal ending in –ing ing and acts as a nounnoun.
Because it is acting as a noun, it can be
anything.
A noun is: subject, direct object, indirect object,
object of a preposition, predicate nominative,
appositive.
A gerund phrase consists of the gerund with its
modifiers and complements.

24. Examples
Subject:
Talking loudly Talking loudly always attracts attention.
Direct object:
Everyone in my house enjoys watching watching
the World Seriesthe World Series.
Indirect object:
He gave voting for class presidentvoting for class president a
careful thought.

25. Examples Continued
Object of a preposition:
She worked eight hours without taking a taking a
breakbreak.
Predicate nominative:
A great thrill for her was winning the state winning the state
tennis tournamenttennis tournament.
Appositive:
Dad’s hobby, carving wooden soldierscarving wooden soldiers, has
taught him much about history.

26. Write the
Gerund in each
sentence.

27. Horseback riding has many
benefits for people with
disabilities.

28. Horseback riding Horseback riding has many
benefits for people with
disabilities.
subject

29. People with disabilities or
emotional problems can
enjoy moving around.

30. People with disabilities or
emotional problems can
enjoy moving aroundmoving around.
Direct object

31. One horse, named Silver,
was especially good at
walking slowly and
carefully.

32. One horse, named Silver,
was especially good at
walkingwalking slowly and
carefully.
Object of the preposition ‘at’

33. Waiting took patience, but
Silver let the teachers lift a
woman named Maria onto
his back.

34. WaitingWaiting took patience, but
Silver let the teachers lift a
woman named Maria onto
his back.
subject

35. Her activity had been
limited to rolling in her
wheelchair.

36. Her activity had been
limited to rolling in her
wheelchair.
Object of the preposition ‘to’

37. From Silver, she learned
balancing.

38. From Silver, she learned
balancingbalancing.
Direct object

39. After building her strength,
she cold even walk with a
little help.

40. After buildingbuilding her strength,
she could even walk with a
little help.
Object of the preposition ‘after’

41. Silver contributed to
Maria’s healing.

42. Silver contributed to
Maria’s healinghealing.
Object of the preposition ‘to’

43. As a result of training with
Silver, Maria now lives
independently.

44. As a result of trainingtraining with
Silver, Maria now lives
independently.
Object of the preposition ‘of’

45. What is an infinitive?What is an infinitive?
An infinitive is a verb form that usually
begins with toto. It is used as a noun, an
adjective, or an adverb.
An infinitive phrase is an infinitive plus
any modifiers or complements.

46. InfinitivesInfinitives
Do not confuse an infinitive with a
prepositional phrase.
A infinitive is to plus a verbto plus a verb.
A prepositional phrase is to plus a
noun.

47. Examples
To exercise regularly To exercise regularly is very
important. (subject)
I hope to visit soonto visit soon. (direct object)

48. Write the Infinitive
phrase in each
sentence.

49. Ringo the cat liked to nap
indoors every morning.
to nap indoors

50. To play outside was for
afternoons.
To play outside

51. Yet one morning, he was
determined to get out.
To get out

52. His owners, Carol and Ray,
were too sick to let him
out.
To let him out

53. Carol finally managed to
open the door.
To open the door

54. Meowing, the cat went to
the gas meter and began
to dig.
to dig

55. Carol thought he was
trying to tell her about a
gas leak.
to tell her

56. She called the gas
company, to check the
hole Ringo had dug.
to check the hole

57. “Your house is about to
blow up!” the technician
shouted.
to blow up

58. Ringo’s instinct to warn his
owners had saved their
lives.
to warn

59. Now let’s practice
deciding if we have an
infinitive phrase or
prepositional phrase.

60. REMEMBERREMEMBER
Do not confuse an infinitive with a
prepositional phrase.
An infinitive is to plus a verbto plus a verb.
A prepositional phrase is to plus a noun.

61. Label each underlined
portion: IP if it is an
infinitive or PP if it is a
prepositional phrase.

62. There are many different
factors that contribute to
research.
Prepositional Phrase

63. It is important to plan your
research paper very
carefully.
Infinitive

64. Once you have completely
developed your plan, get to
work.
Infinitive

65. To research for any topic
will require some supplies.
Infinitive

66. Organize all of your
research information
according to type.
Prepositional Phrase

67. You should plan to school
yourself thoroughly in your
topic.
Infinitive Phrase

68. If you follow a schedule,
your research should
proceed according to plan.
Prepositional Phrase

69. Several people went to
school and wrote their
papers in the computer
lab.
Prepositional Phrase

70. It is difficult to work when
it is noisy in the room.
Infinitive

71. If your final draft is too
long, you will need lots of
patience to type it.
Infinitive

72. Gerund
or
Participle

73. Gerund or Participle
A gerund is a verbal that ends in –inging and acts as
a nounnoun.
◦We were annoyed by the moth’s fluttering.
(DO)
A participle is a verb form that ends in –ing and
acts as an adjectiveadjective.
◦The moth’s fluttering wings were white.

74. Identify the verbal
Then label it as a
Gerund or Participle

75. Many TV commercials
feature acting animals.
Acting
participle

76. There are bell-ringing turkeys
and typing chickens.
Bell-ringing – Participle
Typing - Participle

77. Training any type of animal
requires patience.
Training - gerund

78. Then the excited dog was
let loose.
Excited - participle

79. Staring at the door, the
dog waited for the trainer
to open it.
Staring at the door-
participle

80. In the finished commercial,
the chuck wagon
disappears right through
the cabinet door.
Finished - participle

81. Working comes naturally
to most animal actors.
Working – gerund (sub)

83. Punctuation with Participles
The punctuation is the same as with prepositional phrases and
appositives.
Introductory participles are followed by a comma.
If the participle is nonessential, it is followed by a comma.

84. Which is the
proper way to
punctuate the
sentence?

85. A
A. My band, marching in the
contest, took the audience by
surprise.
B. My band marching in the
contest took the audience by
surprise.

86. B
A.Showering the fields the rain
fell all day.
B. Showering the fields, the rain
fell all day.

87. B
A.Joel, smiling after the win
joined his teammates on the
field.
B.Joel, smiling after the win,
joined his teammates on the
field.

88. B
A.Eating the spicy food I began
to sweat.
B.Eating the spicy food, I began
to sweat.