Viral vaccines, An introduction

A introduction on Viral vaccine for medical students.Although most attenuated vaccines are viral, some are bacterial in nature. Examples include the viral diseases yellow fever, measles, rubella, and mumps, and the bacterial disease typhoid.

9. Live Killed
Poliomyelitis Poliomyelitis
Yellow fever Rabies
Varicella JE
Mumps, measles, rubella Hepatitis B (Cloned)
Influenza Influenza

22. HIV Vaccine ApproachesHIV Vaccine Approaches

23. Challenges in HIV Vaccine ResearchChallenges in HIV Vaccine Research
•Viral Genetic DiversityViral Genetic Diversity:: HIV HIV
is not just one specific is not just one specific
virus.virus.
•Neutralizing AntibodyNeutralizing Antibody::
Difficult to generate Difficult to generate
broadly neutralizing broadly neutralizing
antibodies.antibodies.
•Vaccine TestingVaccine Testing:: Slow Slow
process, very expensiveprocess, very expensive

24. product Company HIV
subtype
Phase Site
Peptide
V3 peptide
CIBG B 1 Cuba
Recombinant subunit
Bivalent rpg 120
VaxGen B+E 3 Thailand
Live viral vector
Canary pox - env-gag-pr
Aventis B 1 Uganda
Live bacterial vector
Salmonella - env
Univ. Md.B 1
Combinations (Vector
prime + subunit boost)
Canary pox - env-gag-pr,
• Nef, pol rgp 120
• rgp 120
Canary pox - env gag-pr
Aventis E
2
Chiron
VaxGen
Aventis
E
E
B+E
B
2
2
Thailand
Haiti,
Thailand,
Brazil