Vitamin B12

Vitamin B12 Information

1. VITAMINS RM.NIKZAAD (Readings BSc.in Agricultural Resource Management and Technology), Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ruhuna - Sri Lanka

2. Definition of Vitamins Any a group of organic compounds which are essential for normal growth and nutrition and are required in small quantities in the diet; because they cannot be synthesized by the body.

3. B - Complex Vitamin B1 Vitamin B2 Vitamin B3 Vitamin B5 Vitamin B6 Vitamin B7 (Biotin) Vitamin B9 (Folic acid) Vitamin B12

4. Vitamin B12 It is one of eight B vitamins Generic Name is Cobalamin Cayanocobalamin , Methylcobalamin , Hydroxycobalamin … are some other Chemical Names of the Vit. B12

5. Structure vs. I t’s Chemical Name Largest and most Structurally complicated It contains the biochemically rare element cobalt (chemical symbol Co ) And first natural product consisting Cobalt. Because of the structure of Vit. B12 ; the chemical name also will change…..

6. Basic Structure of Vit.B12

7. Cyanocobalamin -CN group

8. Methylcobalamin -CH3 group

9. Hydroxycobalamin -OH group

10. 5’-deoxyadenosylcobalamin

11. Sources of Vitamin B12 Shellfish Fish (Mackerel) Crab Sea Food:- * Shellfish *Fish *Crab

12. Liver(Beef) Red meat

13. Eggs Milk (Low Fat)

14. For Vegetarians: *Cereal *Soy Products *Fortified Foods and etc…

15. Characteristics of Vitamin B12 Vitamin B12 is very stable at high temperatures. pH is ranged from 4.5 to 5.0 while the strong acidic and highly alkaline environment loses its vitamin activity .

16. Vit.B12 Characters cont.… This vitamin is rapidly degraded in the light, and therefore it is necessary to keep it in the dark. Vitamin B12 is well soluble in water, ethanol and methanol & insoluble in acetone, chloroform, ether.

17. Vit.B12 Characters cont.… Odorless & Tasteless . No fungi, plants, or animals (including humans) are capable of producing vitamin B12 . Only bacteria and archaea have the enzymes needed for its synthesis.

18. Importance of Vitamin B12 For the formation of red blood Cells. For the good health of brain cells and the Nervous system , together with Vitamin C & Methionine. To defend against Stress. To avoid discouragements & dismay.

19. Cont. To get good functioning of the mind . For the good health of the cells of the bones. For proper growth. For cell renewal , along with folic acid and other nutrients.

20. Cont. For the absorption of Vitamin A and Iron . Reduce the levels of hemocystenin in the blood . Along with folic acid, pantothenic acid, vitamin C and other nutrients, it is involved in the metabolism of Fats and Carbohydrates.

21. Deficiency of Vit.B12 Deficiency due to:- The decrease in intrinsic factor or gastric juices. -something that usually occurs from the age of 50; this lead to deficiency of this vitamin. - Pernicious anemia

22. Operation for obesity -deficit can also occur if there are operation for obesity in which the stomach is partially resected(gastric sleeve sugary or bypass) Quite commonly in the elderly. -affecting 40% of people over 80 years and 25% of those over 60 years.

23. Deficiency Symptoms of Vit.B12 Megaloblastic Anemia Growth problem Nervous problem Tendency suffer from infections Problem of memory and learning Soreness of the mouth or tongue

24. Cont. Tiredness, despondency, discouragements, weight loss, loss of appetite Greenish skin tone Suspected degenerative diseases, such as Multiple sclerosis, Osteoporosis. Suspicion of mental problems, such as Schizophrenia

25. References http:// www.botanical-online.com/english/vitamin-b12-characteristics.htm http:// www.umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/supplement/vitamin-b12-cobalamin https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminB12-HealthProfessional /

26. Any Questions??

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