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1. BIOMEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT

2. Biological waste generated during diagnosis,treatment,immunization of human being or animal,in research activities.Waste generated are enormous in quantity and varied nature eg . l eft over sample,needles , syringes,gloves,expired reagent,chemicals.To avoid risk of biological hazard,safe handling and disposal of biological waste is required. It is recommended, waste should be segregated at point of generation and disposed them in bag with correct colour coding. Biological waste disposal rule modified from time to time.According to 2019 guidelines:

3. Yellow bag/bin:1)Human anatomical waste(human tissue,organ,body part,biopsy sample).2)Animal waste(animal used in laboratory for research).3)Microbiology and biotechnology(laboratory culture,waste,infectious agent from research and industrial laboratories,waste from production of toxin,biological ).4)solid waste(Blood bag,cotton,bedding and other item contaminated with blood,soiled plaster cast).5) Blood,serum from laboratory. Treatment and disposal:Incineration /deep burial in rural area and town with population less than 1 lakh.

4. Red bag/ bin:Plastic syringes,IV bottle,tubing,vacutainer,gloves . Treatment and disposal:Autoclave /chemical treatment with1% hypochlorine solution Blue bag/ bin:Broken or discarded glass,medicine vial, metallic body implants. Treatment and disposal:Autoclave / chemical treatment with 1% hypochlorine solution Chlorinated bag/bin should not be incinerated.

5. White puncture proof box:Needle,scalpel,knives,sharp metal object. Treatment and disposal:chemical treatment with 1% hypochlorine solution/shredding to prevent reuse/Autoclave. Green bag/ bin;office stationary,kichen waste,disposable paper,clips etc.

6. Black bag/bin:1)Expired or discarded medicine 2) incineration ash from incineration of biomedical waste.3)Solid chemicals used in production of biological,solid chemicals used as insecticide,solid chemical used in disinfection. Treatment and disposal:Disposal in secure landfill. Liquid waste from laboratory,disinfecting activities,liquid chemical used as insectisides , liquid chemical used in production of biological. Treatment and disposal:Chemical treatment and discharge in drain