Voltage Regulation of Transformer ,Efficiency of transformer|Day 8| Basic electrical engineering

#Voltage_Regulation_Efficiency_Transformer
#Efficiency of transformer in Hindi
#Basic Electrical Engineering
#Electrical Transformer
#All Day efficiency of transformer
#What is regulation and its importance?
#How to estimate regulation at a given load and power factor?
#How to calculate efficiency of the transformer at a given load and power factor?
#Under what condition does the transformer operate at maximum efficiency?
#What is the difference between efficiency and all day efficiency?

1. Prof.Prasant Tiwari ELECTRICAL TRANSFORMER EFFICIENCY & V.R. OF TRANSFORMER

2. ELECTRICAL TRANSFORMER Transformer Syllabus Definition/Need of transformer Principle of Operation Construction EMF Equation Transformation Ratio Classification of Transformer Comparison between core & shell type Ideal & Practical Transformer Equivalent Circuit Losses in a Transformer Open circuit & Short circuit test Voltage Regulation & Efficiency Day 1 Day 4 Day 3 Day 2 Day 5 Day 6 Day 7

3. VOLTAGE REGULATION & EFFICIENCY What is regulation and its importance? How to estimate regulation at a given load and power factor? How to calculate efficiency of the transformer at a given load and power factor? Under what condition does the transformer operate at maximum efficiency? What is the difference between efficiency and all day efficiency? After going through this session you will be able to answer the following questions.

4. VOLTAGE REGULATION Voltage regulation  is the measure of how well a power  transformer  can maintain constant secondary  voltage  given a constant primary  voltage  and wide variance in load current. The knowledge of regulation gives us idea about change in the magnitude of the secondary voltage from no load to full load condition at a given power factor. This can be determined experimentally by direct loading of the transformer

5. EFFICIENCY Efficiency of transformer can be defined as the output power divided by the input power . It is denoted by symbol ἠ . In practical transformer, the output power is always less than the input power due to  losses. practically the transformer efficiency is always between 0 and 1 i.e. 0% and 100%  The efficiency of an ideal transformer is equal to 1 or 100% since the losses in the ideal transformer are zero.  

6. EFFICIENCY ἠ= Efficiency of transformer at full load n = Fraction of load=(Actual load/Full load) P cu = Copper loss in watts P i = Copper loss in watts V 2 = Rated Load voltage I 2 = Rated Load current Cos φ 2 = L oad power factor 2 2

7. CONDITION FOR MAXIMUM EFFICIENCY The value of  transformer efficiency  will be  maximum  when the copper losses will be equal to iron losses in the  transformer .

8. ALL DAY EFFICIENCY All day efficiency means the power consumed by the transformer throughout the day . It is defined as the ratio of output power to the input power in kWh or Wh of the transformer over 24 hours. Mathematically, it is represented as

9. KEY POINTS OF TODAY’S LECTURE The voltage regulation is a figure of merit of transformer and its low value is desirable. A power transformer either operate at full load or not at all so VR is not a significant factor A Distribution transformer depends upon consumer load demand so VR is a significant factor Power transformer efficient at 100 % load because either it operate at full load or not at all . Distribution transformer efficient at 75 % of full load . Because average loading is 70 to 75 % of full load. Operating efficiency of distribution transformer is always higher then power transformer. Efficiency during open circuit condition is Zero because output current is zero . Efficiency during Short circuit condition is Zero because output voltage is zero.