Water erosion in india power point presentation

water erosion

1. Water erosion in india E.MEGALA 2020018043

2. WATER EROSION It is defined as the movement of soil by rain water running rapidly over the exposed land surface.

3. Stages of water erosion 1.Detachment a.Hydraulic action c.Attrition b.Abrasion d.Solution 2.Transportation a.Solution b.Suspension c.Saltation and Surface creep 3.Deposition

4. detachment 1)HYDRAULIC ACTION when water runs over the soil surface then it compresses the soil, as a result of the air present in the voids exerts a pressure on the soil particles,which leads to soil detachment . 2)ABRASION The soil particles mixed in the running water,create an abrasive power in the water by which the capacity of flowing water to scour the soil particles get increased. 3)ATTRITION This action includes the mechanical breakdown of loads running along the moving water due to collision of particles with each other.when big size rock fragments,boulders or pebbles present in the moving water of streams or rivers,they are broken due to striking with each other. 4)SOLUTION This process is associated with the chemical action between running water and soil.

5. transportation It is the process under which soil particles which dissolved in the running water are carried away from one place to another. 1)SOLUTION Certain dissolved chemicals such as calcium carbonate etc., derived from country rocks are transported in solution form by running water. 2)SUSPENSION Suspension process involves the transportation of finer soil particles, which present in suspension form in the flowing water. 3)SALTATION AND SURFACE CREEP The saltation mechanism is responsible to transport the medium sized soil particles, which is activated through the actions of jumping, collision,creeping .

6. deposition Presence of some obstructions in flow path of running water tend to cause the deposition of load present in the water. These obstructions may be trees,shrubs etc., The curves of meanders or winding courses of stream also cause to deposit the soil load running along the flow water,because at these points the flow velocity of running water is reduced significantly,thereby depositing the soil load at that place.

7. Forms of water erosion Splash/raindrop erosion Sheet erosion Rill erosion Gully erosion

8. a.Splash /raindrop erosion Raindrop/splash erosion is caused by the impact of falling raindrops. It is the first stage in the soil erosion process. When raindrop hits bare soil,it breaks up soil aggregates so that individual soil particles are splashed onto the soil surface. The splashed soil particles can rise as high 60cm above the ground.

9. Splash erosion In india,splash erosion is more likely to happen in uttarpradesh and a little near madhyapradesh with places like Maharashtra .

10. b.Sheet erosion It is defined as uniform removal of soil in the form of a thin layer or in sheet form by the flowing water from a given width of sloping land.

11. c.Rill erosion Rill erosion is the removal of soil by running water with the formation of a series of small shallow branching channels In this stage,small finger like rills are formed under landscape. Regions near the rivers of UP,Punjab and even some regions of MP,shiwaliks and WB.

12. D.GULLY EROSION It is an advance stage of rill erosion where unaltered rills gets deepened and widened every year and begins to attain the form of gullies. Gully erosion is most commonly found in the states of Uttarpradesh,Madhyapradesh,Gujarat,west Bengal and Rajasthan.

13. ravines Ravines are network of gullies. India is having 3.67 million hectares of ravine lands which constitute 1.12% of total geographical area(328million hectares). These gullies is an indication of very bad management of land resources in india .

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