Water pollution

This PPT contains definition, types, signs, source and effects of water pollution. Prevention of water pollution and some data of water pollution of world. It contains pictures so high school grade student can also go through this PPT. Although It is for Bachelor's level.

1. WATER POLLUTION By: Yogesh Nimore and Jagrati Mehra Course: B. Sc.(CS) II year Submitted to: Dr. Neetu Parsai

2. Definition Signs of water pollution Source of water pollution Types of water pollution Effects of water pollution Some data on water pollution Prevention of water pollution INDEX

3. Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies (e.g. Lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and groundwater). Any change or modification in the physical, chemical and biological properties of consequence on living things is water pollution. Water pollution is the second most imperative environmental concern along with air pollution. WHAT IS WATER POLLUTION?

4. Bad taste of drinking water. Offensive odour from river, lakes and oceans. Decrease in number of fishes in fresh and sea water. Oil and grease floating on the surface. Unchecked growth of aquatic weeds. SIGNS OF WATER POLLUTION

5. Pollutants get into water mainly by human being. There are various classification of water pollution. The two chief sources of water pollution can be seen as point (direct) and non-point(indirect). WHERE DO WATER POLLUTANTS COMES FROM?

6. A single definable source of the pollution. Point source pollution can be monitored and Regulated. Examples – Discharges from a sewage treatment plant. Discharges from an factory. A city storm drain. Point Source Pollution : -

7. No one single source, but a wide range of sources. NPS are much more difficult to monitor and control. Examples – The leaching out nitrogen compounds from agricultural land which has been fertilised. Runoff from urban areas. Non-Point Source Pollution : -

8. There are many types of water pollution because water comes from many sources. Here are few types of water pollution – Nutrients pollution Surface water pollution Oxygen depleting Ground water pollution Microbiological Suspended water Chemical water pollution Oil spillage WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF WATER POLLUTION?

9. Some waste water, fertilizers and sewage contain high levels of nutrients. If they end up in water bodies, they encourage algae and weed growth in the water. Effect - It makes the water undrinkable. Water organisms dies out of oxygen starvation. 1. Nutrients Pollution : -

10. Surface water includes natural water found on the earth's surface, like rivers ,lakes lagoons and oceans. hazardous substances coming into contact with the surface water, dissolving or mixing physically with the water called surface water pollution. 2. Surface Water Pollution : -

11. When too much biodegradable matter end up in water, it encourages more microorganism growth and they use up more oxygen in the water. If oxygen is depleted, aerobic organism die, and anaerobic organism grow more to produce harmful toxins such as ammonia and sulfides. 3. Oxygen Depleting

12. When human apply pesticides and chemical to soils, they are washed deep into the ground by rain water. This gets to underground water, Causing pollution underground. This means when we dig wells and bore holes to get water from underground we get polluted water. 4. Ground Water Pollution : -

13. Many liquid products are stored in metal and steel tubes underground. Other sewage system run in underground tubes. Overtime they rust and begin to leak. If that happens, they contaminate the soils, and the underground water. Underground storage and tube leakages: -

14. Sometimes there is natural pollution caused by micro-organisms like viruses, bacteria and protozoa. This natural pollution can cause fishes and other water life to die. They can also cause serious illness to humans who drink from such waters. 5. Microbiological : -

15. Some pollutants do not dissolve in water,. This kind of material is called particulate matter. Some suspended pollutants later settle under the water body. This can harm and even kill aquatic life that line at the floor of water bodies. 6. Suspended Matter :-

16. Many industries and farmers work with chemicals that end up in water. This is conmen with point - source pollution. This includes chemicals that are used to control weeds, insects and pests. Metals and solvents from industries can pollute water bodies. These are poisonous to many forms of aquatic life and many slow their development, make them infertile and kill them. 7. Chemical Water Pollution : -

17. Chemical Water Pollution Caused by Everyday Detergents . Many laundry  detergents contain approximately 35 percent  to  75 percent phosphate salts. Plaster of paris also pollutes water. It degrades the quality of water. It also make water undrinkable.

18. Oil spills usually have only a localized effect on wildlife but can spread for miles. The oil can cause the death to many fish and get stuck to feathers of seabirds causing them to lose their ability. 8. Oil Spillage :-

19. Mining is the process of crushing the rock and extracting coal and other minerals underground. These elements when extracted in the raw from contains harmful chemicals and can increase the amount of toxic elements when mixed up with water may result in health problems. OTHER CAUSES OF WATER POLLUTION 1. Mining Activities :-

20. 2. Ocean and Marine Dumping :- Again think of the rubbish we all make each day. Paper waste, food waste, plastic, rubber metallic and aluminium waste. In some countries, they are deposited into the sea.

21. Effect on aquatic animals : - The main problem caused by water pollution is that kills life that depends on these water bodies. Birds and mammies become coated with oil. Dead fish, crabs, birds and sea gulls , dolphins and many other animals often wind up on beaches killed by pollutants in their habitat (living environment ). EFFECTS OF WATER POLLUTION

22. 2. Disruption of food chains :- Pollutants such as lead and cadmium are eaten by tiny animals. Later, these animals are consumed by fish and shellfish, and the food chain continues to be disrupted at all.

23. 3. Diseases :- Loss of memory power and reduced mental sharpness. Water borne diseases like jaundice, hepatitis, gastroenteritis. Reduce bone development and muscular development.

24. 4. Destruction of Ecosystem :- Ecosystems can be severely changed or destroyed by water pollution. Many areas are now being affected by careless human pollution, and this pollution is coming back to hurt human in many ways.

25. Major problem of every human due to water pollution

26. It has been suggested that it is the leading worldwide can cause of deaths and diseases and that is accounts for the death of more than 14,000 people daily. 200 turtles in australia‘s surround waters dies each year. Water associated infectious diseases claim up to 3.2 million lives each year, approximately , 6% of all deaths globally. Each year, plastic waste in water and coastel areas kills up to 1,00,000 marine mammals. 1 million sea birds. Countless fishes. SOME DATA ON WATER POLLUTION

27. In 2010, about 12.7 million pounds of toxic waste was dumped into the M ississippi river, In 1996, about 4.29 billion tons industrial waste and sewage was discharged into the Yellow river, China. The mercury level 100 times more than the legal amount in the Citarum river, Indonesia. This river continuetly robbed people with over 50,000 deaths annually. USA

28. Never throw rubbish away anyhow. Always look for the correct waste bin. If there is none around, please take it home and put it in your dustbin. PREVENTION OF WATER POLLUTION Use water wisely. Do not keep the top running when not in use. Reduce the amount of water you can use in washing and bathing.

29. Do not throw chemicals, oils, paints and medicines down the sink drain or the toilet. Buy more environmentally Safe cleaning liquids for use at home and other public places. Not to overuse pesticides and fertilizers. Start looking at options of organic farming. try to plant lots of trees and flowers around your home

30. Participate in clean-up. Join special society devoted to the prevention of water pollution. Spread awareness.

31. Thank You