watson,s theory of science of caring.pptx

BSN Generic 3rd Year, Nursing Theories Topics

1. Watson's Philosophy and Science on Caring Generic 1 st Year

2. Evolution of theory She refers to caring as the essence of nursing practice The goal is the preservation oh human dignity and humanity in health care system According to Watson, the goal of nursing is to facilitate individuals gaining “a higher degree of harmony within the mind , body and soul which generate self-knowledge, self-reverence, self-healing and self-care

3. Conti… One way Watson has attempted to bridge the gap between theory and practice Her attribute her emphasis on the interpersonal and transpersonal qualities of congruence, empathy and warmth Nursing interventions related to human care are referred to as curative factors

4. 11 assumptions Care and love comprise the primal and universal psychic energy Care and love often overlooked The ability to sustain caring idea in practice will effect the development of civilization c Caring for ourselves is perquisite caring for others Historically nursing held a caring stance Caring is central unifying focus of nursing Care at human level has been deemphasized in the health care delivery system Nursing caring foundation has been sublimated by advanced technologies

5. Conti… A significant issue for nursing today and in future is the preservation and advancement of care Only through interpersonal relationships can human care be effectively demonstrated Nursing social, moral and scientific contributions to human kind and society lie in its commitment to human care

6. 10 curative factors Humanistic altruistic system of values (maturity) Instillation of faith and hope Cultivation of sensitivity to self and others Helping trust relationship Promotion and acceptance of the expression of positive and negative feelings Use of scientific problem solving decision making Promotion of interpersonal teaching learning Provision of suitable conducive environment Assistance with gratification of human needs Allowing for existential phenomenological factors

7. Humanistic altruistic system of values (maturity) Values are learned early in life but influenced by nurse educators Watson suggested that caring is based on humanistic values and altruistic behavior can be developed through examination of ones own views, beliefs and intreaction with other culture

8. Instillation of faith and hope It is essential for both curative and caring process When modern sciences have nothing to offer the person, nurse can continue to use faith-hope to provide sense of well being

9. Cultivation of sensitivity to self and others The recognition of feelings lead to self actualization and through self-acceptance for both the nurse and patient As nurses they become more genuine, authentic and sensitive to others

10. Helping trust relationship The development of helping trust relationship is crucial for transpersonal caring A trusting relationship promotes and accepts the expression of both +ve and –ve feelings

11. Provision of suitable conducive environment This factor deals with daily routine function that the nurse uses to promote health, restore to health and prevent disease Nurse manipulate both internal and external environment in order to provide support

12. Promotion and acceptance of the expression of positive and negative feelings The expression of feelings ought to be facilitated because such expression improves one's level of awareness Sharing of feeling is risk taking experience for both

13. Use of scientific problem solving decision making Systemic use of scientific problem solving method for decision making of the nursing process brings a scientific problem solving approach to nursing care .

14. Promotion of interpersonal teaching learning The nurse facilitates the process with the teaching learning techniques that are design to enable the client to provide self care, determine personal needs and provides opportunities for their personal growth

15. Assistance with gratification of human needs Watson's ordering of needs Lower order needs (biophysical needs) Survival needs Food and fluid Elimination and ventilation Lower order needs (psychophysical needs) Functional needs Need for activity Sexuality Higher order needs (psycho-social needs) Integrative needs Need for achievement Need for affiliation Higher order needs (inter-intra personal needs Growth seeking needs Need for self actualization

16. Allowing for existential phenomenological factors Phenomenology is a way of understanding people from the way things appears to then from their frame of reference Existential psychology is a science of human existence that use phenomenological analysis

17. Paradigm of Watson theory Human being (a value person to be cared for, respected , nurtured, understood and assisted) Health (added 3 elements to WHO definition A higher level of over-all physical, mental and social functioning The general adaptation maintenance level The absence of illness Environment (society and people who are cared) Nursing (a human science of person and human health-illness experiences that are mediated by professional, personal, scientific and ethical human care transaction

18. Evaluation of theory Watson's theory is easily read and uses nontechnical language that provides clarity She draws on a number of discipline to formulate her theory This theory seek to provide a moral and philosophical basics of nursing

19. Flaws Framework is difficult to understand Theory does not lend itself to research Further testing is necessary