Weaning

Weaning is the process of gradually introducing an infant human or another mammal to what will be its adult diet while withdrawing the supply of its mother's milk. The process takes place only in mammals, as only mammals produce milk.

1. WEANING

2. GENERAL OBJECTIVE At the end of the class, students will be able to acquire more knowledge regarding Weaning, develop a positive attitude towards it and practice this knowledge in clinical areas

3. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES Define weaning Enlist the aims of weaning Enumerate the principles of weaning Illustrate the steps of introducing solid foods List down the foods to be avoided during weaning

4. DEFINITION Weaning is the process of gradual and progressive transfer of the baby from the breastfeeding to the usual family diet.

5. AIMS OF WEANING Growth of the baby requires more food items, minerals & vitamins To train GIT to digest starch & other solid foods. To educate the child independence by using spoon & cup .

6. PRINCIPLES OF WEANING Good quality food items and should be home made. Gradually the amount of food to be increased. Introduced new food once at a time .

7. The baby may be given food as the rest of the family takes. Children are encouraged to feed themselves. Mother and child are taught hygienic habits .

8. Breastfeeding to be continued with weaning up to 2 year or beyond No strict rules Food should be given when the infant is hungry but never force the child to take the food

9. Observe any indigestion, pain in abdomen, diarrhea or rash and report to the pediatrician

10. Stages to introduce the weaning foods There are 3 stages to weaning:  Stage 1 begins at 6 months, upon weaning with a smooth mash or puree for the first few tastes. Followed by stage 2 once baby has learnt to accept smooth foods, you are ready to move on to mashed food with soft lumps and offer soft finger foods with all meals. Finally, by 9 months of age at stage 3, baby is ready to move on to minced and chopped foods and you should start encouraging self-feed

11. Stage 1: Weaning at 6 months CHOOSE A QUIET TIME OF DAY, HALF WAY THROUGH A FEED: Smooth mash or purees Your baby’s tongue will push forward and food will come back out at first Small amounts once a day

12. a smooth cream of liquidized or crushed fruit or vegetables. "tomato puree"

13. Conti.. MOVE ON BY GIVING YOUR BABY SOLIDS BEFORE THE MILK FEED: Move on to 2 meals/day and then 3 meals/day Give different foods at each meal: Baby Cereals, mashed soft cooked vegetables and mashed soft/cooked fruit

14. VEGETABLES

15. Conti.. USE BREAST MILK OR FORMULA TO MIX WITH FOOD, AND SLOWLY START ADDING IN : Pureed / mashed meat, fish, chicken or egg (well-cooked) Lentils or pulses Mashed rice, noodles or pasta Full fat dairy products

16. Stage 2: My baby is 6-9 months Increase the quantity according your infant’s interest and appetite – offer foods from all 4 food groups Your infant may need to try many times before learning to like a new food/taste As the amount of solids increases the volume of breast/ formula milk will decrease

17. Conti.. Offer a cup of water with meals Encourage finger foods, self-feeding and mess Babies learn by coping: eat with your infant and include him at family meal

18. finger foods

19. Stage 3: My baby is 9-12 months Your infant is now biting and chewing onto family foods and family meals You can now cut out early morning milk feeds Cut out bottles and change to open cups or free flow beakers Reduce milk feeds one by one to 2 feeds per day at 11-12 months

20. Free flow beakers

21. FRUIT pulp

22. HIGHER-PROTEIN FOODS

23. Foods to avoid when weaning baby Salt. You have probably heard that we should not have too much salt in our diet – well, this applies to your baby too. ... Sugar . Babies may naturally prefer sweet over savoury foods but  sugar  can lead to tooth decay and putting on too much weight . Honey . Eggs . Tea, coffee and soft drinks . Nuts . Low fat food . Fish  and  shellfish .

24. CONCLUSION

25. ASSIGNMENT Write down the principles of introduction of weaning foods

26. BIBLIOGRAPHY