Week 3 PPT GDSPS class 7 ch4 the Mughal empire.pptx

History Class 7

1. THE MUGHAL EMPIRE CHAPTER - 4 CLASS VII

2. CONTENTS : Origin of the Mughals? Chronology of Kings Mughal tradition of succession Mughal relation with other rulers Mughal administration. Akbar’s policies Assignment

3. ORIGIN OF THE MUGHALS MUGHALS were the descendants of Turk ruler Timur from Paternal side and Chengez Khan, the ruler of Mongol tribe from maternal side . Ghenghiz khan

4. CHRONOLOGY OF THE MUGHAL RULERS Jahangir

5. MUGHAL TRADITION OF SUCCESSION PRIMOGENITURE Eldest Son inherits his father’s estate The Mughals did not believe in “Primogeniture” COPARCENARY Division of inheritance among all sons

6. MUGHAL RELATIONS WITH OTHER RULERS Mughals campaigned constantly against those who refused to accept their authority. As they became powerful, Rajputs established matrimonial alliances with Mughals Jodha, princess of Amber was married to Akbar In return – Rajputs received high position in Mughal army and administration

7. MUGHAL ADMINISTRATION CENTRAL & PROVINCIAL

8. Central administration during Akbar Akbar’s administration was administered in Persian language primarily Had uniform Coinage system Uniform system of weights and measures across the kingdom Decision of the Emperor was supreme in matters related to military, revenue collection and political affairs . Important ministers in the council were Diwan(finance),Qazi(judicial) and Bakshi (treasurer) Mughal Court

9. Mansabdari System Mansabdar was someone who holds a position/rank/ mansab Rank and salary was determined by a numerical value called Zat . A Mansab rank was not hereditary. Sawar rank indicated no. of cavalrymen a mansabdar required to maintain. Msabsabdars received their salaries as revenue assignments called “ Jagirs ”

10. Provincial administration The empire was divided into subahs , governed by the subahdar . Each province was divided into revenue circle with its own revenue rates for crops Law and order was the responsibility of Fauzdar and town police Kotwal.

11. REVENUE MODEL OF MUGHALS Akbar was inspired by the land revenue collection formula used by Sher Shah. Used it for setting up a new land reform system called “ zabt ” with assistance from his revenue minister Todarmal. Todarmal surveyed crop yields and fixed the tax based on that observation for a period of 10 years. Each province was divided into revenue circles with their own rates of revenue. Zamindars who were usually the local headmen or chieftains were used are those who used to collect the taxes from the farmers

12. AKBAR’S SOCIAL POLICIES Akbar diplomatically handled the Rajput warrior by engaging in Matrimonial Alliance He married Hindu princess of Amber and appointed rajput warriors in prestigious post . Though he was illiterate himself he patronized poets, musicians, artists in his court. Abul fazl and Faizi were famous poets of his court. Tansen was a famous musician who was in the navratna family in Akbar’s court.

13. AKBAR’S RELIGIOUS POLICIES Followed a policy of religious tolerance Abolished Jijiya tax imposed on the Non-muslims Gave high posts to people of other religious belief on the basis of merit. 1575 Built a Hall of Prayer for all religions known as “Ibadat khana” in Fatehpur Sikri, Agra Introduced the idea of Sulhi-kul or Universal peace

14. EXPANSE OF MUGHAL EMPIRE 1530 - 1707

15. ACTIVITY Map Activity Students to outline the expansion of Mughal empire from Babur to Aurangzeb To practice locating prominent places on the political map of India. For ex Ranthambore, Chittor, Delhi, Agra, Benaras, Golconda and Bijapur Plan a virtual tour of Mughal Monuments to be visited in and around Delhi Prepare a comic strip on Mughal Lifestyle or administration

16. TO VISIT Fatehpur Sikri Sikandra Tomb Agra Fort Mosque of Salim Chisti

17. Assignment How did Mughals tackle the Rajputs and other local rulers? What were the compositions of Abul Fazl? Which Mughal emperor wrote his autobiography? What were the Turkish nobles known as? What was the relation of Mughal rulers with the zamindars? Explain the terms Dogma and Bigot? What was the principle of Sulh-i kul? Why was Aurangzeb not able to control the jagirdars and land revenue income ?