WEEK2-NATURE-OF-VARIABLES- pptx hjgjbujvhh

.

1. The Nature of Variables (PR2)

2. Variables A variable is the heart or central concept in research. It is primarily measurable characteristic that changes in value . A variable can be anything that may assume different numerical or categorical values.

3. Measurement Scales Nominal Variables Ordinal Variables Interval Variables Ratio Variables

4. Measurement Scales Nominal Variables Nominal variables represent categories that cannot be ordered in any particular way. It is only a matter of distinguishing by name.

5. Nominal Variables CHARACTERISTICS: The responses to a nominal variable can be divided into two or more categories.

6. Nominal Variables EXAMPLES: RELIGION STRAND EYE COLOR

7. Measurement Scales Ordinal Variables This involves data that arranged in some order , but differences between data. It has two or more categories which can be ranked.

8. CHARACTERISTICS: It is an extension of nominal data. It has no standardized interval scale. It measures qualitative traits The median and mode can be analyzed It has a rank or order. Ordinal Variables Ranking Contest Champion First Runner Up Second Runner Up Third Runner Up

9. Ordinal Variables EXAMPLES: Likert Scale - It is used by researchers to prepare questionnaires and get people’s opinion. T-shirt size Class Officers Highest Educational Attainment Academic Excellence Award Grade Level

10. Measurement Scales Interval Variables It provides information about order and provides an interval. It also determine meaningful amounts of differences between data.

11. CHARACTERISTICS: It is one of the two types of quantitative variables. It also determine meaningful amounts of differences between the data. Arithmetic operations can be performed on interval variables. However, these operations are restricted to only addition and subtraction. Interval Variables

12. CHARACTERISTICS: The interval variable is an extension of the ordinal variable. In other words, we could say internal variables are built upon ordinary variables. The intervals on the scale are equal in an interval variable. The scale is equidistant. Interval Variables

13. Interval Variables EXAMPLES: Performance Level of the Students Likert Scale

14. Measurement Scales Ratio Variables Ratio Variables have the properties of interval variable, but it does not fall below zero .

15. Ratio Variable EXAMPLES: Age Height Weight Distance

16. NEVER FALL BELOW ZERO CAN ACCOMMODATE BELOW ZERO CATEGORIZE IN ORDER CATEGORIZE IN ANY PARTICULAR WAY SUMMARY

17. Kinds of Variables

18. Kinds of Variables Independent Variables Dependent Variables

19. depends on other variables or factors. It is something That is influenced and affected. Dependent Variables affects the dependent variable. It is something you have control over, one which you can choose and manipulate. However, in some cases , you may not be able to manipulate the independent variable. Independent Variables

20. depends on other variables or factors. It is something That is influenced and affected. Dependent Variables affects the dependent variable. It is something you have control over, one which you can choose and manipulate. However, in some cases , you may not be able to manipulate the independent variable. Independent Variables Example: The researcher wants to determine the effects of use of social media in the academic performance of students in Mathematics.

21. depends on other variables or factors. It is something That is influenced and affected. Dependent Variables affects the dependent variable. It is something you have control over, one which you can choose and manipulate. However, in some cases , you may not be able to manipulate the independent variable. Independent Variables Example: The researcher wants to determine the effects of use of social media in the academic performance of students in Mathematics.

22. Thank You