What is geostationary satellite

study about geostationary satellite

1. A GEOSTATIONARY SATELLITE A geostationary satellite is an earth-orbiting satellite, placed at an altitude of approximately 35,800 kilometers (22,300 miles) directly over the equator, that revolves in the same direction the earth rotates (west to east)

2. Geospatial technologY Geospatial technologies is a term used to describe the range of modern tools contributing to the geographic mapping and analysis of the Earth and human societies. These technologies have been evolving in some form since the first maps were drawn in prehistoric times.

3. USE OF GEOSTATIONARY SATELLITE For a geo-stationary satellite, we all know that the purposes are for communication, coordination, TV broadcasting and earth observation. In sun-synchronous satellite case the purpose are mostly for the military and remote sensing. This kind of satellite we can use it for spying other countries.

4. A GEOSTATIONARY ORBIT A geostationary orbit (GEO) is a circular geosynchronous orbit in the plane of the Earth's equator with a radius of approximately 42,164 km (26,199 mi) (measured from the center of the Earth). A satellite in such an orbit is at an altitude of approximately 35,786 km (22,236 mi) above mean sea level

5. ORBIT ALLOCATION Satellites in geostationary orbit must all occupy a single ring above the  Equator . The requirement to space these satellites apart to avoid harmful radio-frequency interference during operations means that there are a limited number of orbital "slots" available, thus only a limited number of satellites can be operated in geostationary orbit. This has led to conflict between different countries wishing access to the same orbital slots (countries near the same  longitude  but differing  latitudes ) and radio frequencies. These disputes are addressed through the  International Telecommunication Union 's allocation mechanism. [10][11]  In the 1976 Bogotá Declaration, eight countries located on the Earth's equator claimed sovereignty over the geostationary orbits above their territory, but the claims gained no international recognition

6. DESIGN OF GEOSTSTIONARY SATELLITE Most of these birds are communications satellites of one description or another. A common early design is that of a spin stabilized cylinder. The Hughes HS376 series are typical: the main body being some 3 meters long and 2 meters in diameter. This grows to around 6 meters in length once on orbit with the extension of the communications antennae and an extra skirt of solar panels. These supplement the cells which already cover the main body, making a very nice specular reflector. This skirt and the main body rotate about the long axis, typically at around 55 r.p.m ., whilst the antenna and equipment shelf are despun so as to maintain contact with their ground target

7. VARIOUS TYPES OF GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGY Remote Sensing : imagery and data collected from space- or airborne camera and sensor platforms. Some commercial satellite image providers now offer images showing details of one-meter or smaller, making these images appropriate for monitoring humanitarian needs and human rights abuses. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) : a suite of software tools for mapping and analyzing data which is geo referenced (assigned a specific location on the surface of the Earth, otherwise known as geospatial data). GIS can be used to detect geographic patterns in other data, such as disease clusters resulting from toxins, sub-optimal water access, etc. Global Positioning System (GPS) : a network of U.S. Department of Defense satellites which can give precise coordinate locations to civilian and military users with proper receiving equipment (note: a similar European system called Galileo will be operational within the next several years while a Russian system is functioning but restricted). Internet Mapping Technologies : software programs like Google Earth and web features like Microsoft Virtual Earth are changing the way geospatial data is viewed and shared. The developments in user interface are also making such technologies available to a wider audience whereas traditional GIS has been reserved for specialists and those who invest time in learning complex software programs

8. Satellite Launch Date Launch Vehicle Remarks ISRO Link Aryabhata 19 April 1975 u-11 Interkosmos Active technological experience in building and operating a satellite system. [1] Bhaskara-I 7 June 1979 C-1 Interkosmos First experimental remote sensing satellite. Carried TV and microwave cameras. [2] Rohini Technology Payload 10 August 1979 SLV-3 Intended for measuring in-flight performance of first experimental flight of SLV-3, the first Indian launch vehicle. Did not achieve orbit. [3] Rohini RS-1 18 July 1980 SLV-3 Used for measuring in-flight performance of second experimental launch of SLV-3. [4] SOME INDIAN GEOSTATIONARY SATELLITES

9. SOME GEOSTATIONARY SATELLITE

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