What is grammar

What is Grammar?
Different types of Grammar

1. WHAT IS GRAMMAR? Aslıgül KÖYÜK Hacettepe University

2. The definion of Grammar Descriptive Grammar Prescriptive Grammar Descriptive Grammar vs Prescriptive Grammar Universal Grammar Traditional Grammar Learning Grammar … Do I have to? The Relationship between Grammar and Language Learning

3. What is grammar ? It is the knowledge speakers have about the units and rules of their language . A set of rules which help us to create clauses , phrases and words in any language . Basically , explicit rules dealing with word and sentence structure in language . The rules can include phonetics and phonology , morphology , syntax and sometimes semantics and pragmatics .

4. descriptive grammar The kind of grammar that tells you not how you should speak ; but how you speak and your basic linguistic knowledge . It tells you what you know about the sounds , words , phrases and sentences of your language . It has no evaluation . ( non - judgmental ) Descriptive Grammar’s rules are more basic and general than prescriptive ones .

5. PRESCRIPTIVE GRAMMAR It came up with Renaissence . Main aim : not to describe the rules people know ; but to tell them what rules they should follow . These rules are set and tell us how we should speak or write . Contrary to descriptive grammar , it has evaluation . It gives judgments on which structures are correct or incorrect . Such rules are ; I didn’t see anybody . ( + ) I didn’t see nobody . ( - )

6. Universal grammar Linguistic ability springs itself without being taught . There are properties that all languages share common . To determine what abilities are innate and what properties are shared by all languages , the linguist observes and experiments .

7. Chomsky says just because human beings have undergone evaluation and been created by nature , Universal Grammar is a biological trait ; so common to all humans .

8. Traditional grammar Traditional Grammar is the framework for the description of the structure of a language . It is the definition of the best and most correct structures to be used . It is mostly used in language education .

9. Learning grammar .. Do i have to? Grammar is important because thanks to it, it is possible for us to talk about language . Knowing grammar offers a window into the human mind and it’s mental capacity . For communication , all kinds of texts ( does not matter whether it is formal or not ), we use language . To understand others and to be understood by them , we create endless sentences with the rules of grammar .

10. Grammar and language learning The common thing is all languages have their own grammar structures . For speaking any language , we should be able to create sentences ; to create sentences , we must know grammar rules . At beginning stages of language learning , it starts with basic words and basic grammar rules . It is the root of language . Example : * She , ill , go, school , today . ( ??? ) * She is ill ; that’s why she couldn’t go to school today .

11. References http://www.lingholic.com/important-grammar-language-learning/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_grammar http://grammar.about.com/od/grammarfaq/f/grammarvalue.htm http://www.ingilizcealanbilgisi.com/oabt/descriptive-grammar-vs-prescriptive-grammar/ http://amyrey.web.unc.edu/classes/ling-101-online/tutorials/understanding-prescriptive-vs-descriptive-grammar/