Wildlife sdasdasdassadanimal census.pptx

This is a census of 2018 doine on the animal population of delhi wildlife parks

1. Wildlife census Unit 3: Population estimation

2. Components of wildlife management Wildlife population- the collective study of animas rather than individual study Habitat Related people Knowledge of the structure of wildlife= knowledge of the available wildlife species in the related area/habitat

3. Wildlife census Wildlife census is measuring the abundance of animal populations. It is a method of monitoring WL population. It plays a very important role in wildlife management techniques. It is also called- Wildlife Inventory/Species Inventory/Game Survey. Knowledge about density Sex- ratio Adult: young ratio

4. objectives to evaluate the success or failure of management interventions to know the dispersal trend in the population of a species to compare the animal densities in different habitats to establish benchmark data - which serve as a basis for future management

5. importance Idea of population of particular species of a particular habitat at a particular time Status of species Future wildlife management strategies Estimation of carrying capacity of the habitat for the concerned species Trend of growth can be estimated

6. Parameters Abundance: Absolute Abundance Relative Abundance Frequency of Occurrence In wildlife Management practice, the main season for carrying out census may be the breeding season, which generally coincides with summer or cold winters. Exclosure Inclosure

7. Methods Direct Count/Absolute Count: Total count method Incomplete count method Indirect Count/ Relative Count Others

8. Direct count Method :total count TOTAL COUNT: Census area should not be very large Large size species; easily visible and recognisable More staff (enumerators); well trained Entire area divided into compartments/blocks of 2km Enumerating team – Single team census or Multi team census Team should have a forest guard who is familiar with the area

9. Total count: two types SPATIAL COUNT done at a particular time for the entire area Performed by the following methods Drive/ Beat Method Visual Method : in open areas; animals counted in groups Aerial/ Photographic method (Camera Traps) TEMPORAL COUNT Done in a fixed area at a fixed time Such census is adopted for migratory animals that cross from one habitat to another

10. The selected sample area should include all types of habitats in the representative quantities of the region. Quadrate and transect Limitation: requires knowledge of statistics Sample: Aggregate of a population Sample Fraction: Area of sample where census was carried out divided by the total area Sampling Percentage: sampling fraction X 100 Total area- Universe; divided into small units (Sampling units) Direct count Method :Sample/Partial count

11. Methods for sample count Random Sampling Systematic sampling Two-stage sampling Stratified sampling: Mostly used method for WL census The sampling size should be minimally 0.1 (10% sampling percentage) and maximally 0.25 (25% sampling percentage).

12. Stratified counting method: two types Block count / Stratified Block Count Method Transect count/ Stratifies Transect Count method: two kinds Road Count Method: if vehicle is used (Transport based transect method) Fixed Width Method Open Width Method King Greed Method

13. x = r sin θ D = ____N____ L x 2 x r

14. Indirect count method Pug or hoof marks / Track and trail method Dung pellets Capture-Mark-recapture method Call index/ Auditory count

15. Other methods Waterhole count Ratio Based count

16. Mist nets for bats

17. birds Blind or hide ; conceal the observer Should be large and comfortable Observation holes should be small Brood census Nesting census