wind energy types of turbines and advantages

wind energy

1. Wind Energy S tudent : Mahmud Elhalaf ID: 210105033

2. CONTENT : History Context W orking Advantages Site selection Disadvantages Future

3. HISTORY Wind energy is one of the oldest sources of energy used by humankind. Ancient cultures used Windmills for pumping water and grinding cereals. Due to the oil crisis in the 1970s, energy sources emitting less pollution would be necessary.

4. WHAT IS WIND ENERGY?

5. Wind energy or wind power is the use of wind to provide the mechanical power through wind turbines to turn electric generators and traditionally to other work, like milling or pumping. Wind energy is the converting of wind power to electrical power through the use of windmills or turbines.

6. WIND TURBINES: There are two types of wind turbines: Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines Vertical Axis Wind Turbines

7. HORIZONTAL AXIS WIND TURBNIES (HAWATS) HAWTs are the most common wind machine designs in use today. HAWTs are typically either two- or three-bladed and operate at high blade tip speed. HAWTs have the main rotor shaft and electrical generator at the top of a tower, and the rotor is oriented perpendicular to the wind. Most of them are equipped with a gearbox, which transforms the slow rotation of the rotor into a faster rotation, suitable to drive an electrical generator.

8. VERYICAL AXIS WIND TURBINES (VAWTS) Vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) have an axis of rotation that is vertical, and so, unlike the horizontal wind turbines, they can capture winds from any direction without the need to reposition the rotor when the wind direction changes. Vertical axis turbines are primarily used in small wind projects and residential applications.

9. COMPNENTS OF WIND POWER PLANT

10. Blades : Lift and rotates when wind is blown over them, causing the rotor to spin. Most turbines have either two or three blades. Brake : Stops the rotor mechanically, electrically, or hydraulically, in emergencies. Gear box: Connects the low-speed shaft to the high speed shaft and increases the rotational speeds from about 30-60 rotations per minute (rpm). Low-speed shaft: Turns the low-speed shaft at about 30-60 rpm. High-speed shaft: Drives the generator.

11. Generator: Produces 50-cycle AC electricity, it is usually an off-the-shelf induction. Nacelle: Sits atop tower and contains the gear box, low-and high-speed shafts, generator, controller, and brake. Rotor: Blades and hub together form the rotor. Tower: Made from tubular steel, concrete, or steel lattice. Supports the structure of the turbine. Because wind speed increases with height, taller towers enable turbines to capture more energy and generate more electricity.

12. ADVANTAGES Renewable and Clean: wind energy does not produce harmful emissions or pollutants that can harm the environment. Cost-effective: Wind energy is one of the most cost-effective forms of renewable energy. Abundant: Wind energy is an abundant resource, and wind turbines can be installed in many different locations, both onshore and offshore. Reduces dependence on fossil fuels: Wind energy can help reduce our dependence on fossil fuels.

13. CHALLENGES Intermittency: Wind energy is an intermittent source of energy, meaning that it is not always available when it is needed. Visual and Noise Impact: Wind turbines can be visually intrusive, particularly in rural areas, and some people may find the noise they produce to be bothersome. Wildlife Impact: Wind turbines can have an impact on wildlife, particularly birds and bats, which can collide with the blades. Upfront Costs: The upfront costs of installing wind turbines can be high, and it may take several years for the investment to pay off.

14. FUTURE OF WIND ENERGY The future of wind energy looks very promising, with advancements in technology and increasing investment in wind power. Wind energy could generate over 25% of the world's electricity by 2030, making it the second-largest source of electricity generation after coal. The cost of wind energy is coming down which make lots of country rely on it.