wireandwireless comunication in IOT devices.pptx

Internet of things (IoT) describes devices with sensors, processing ability, software and other technologies that connect and exchange data with other devices and systems over the Internet orInternet of things (IoT) describes devices with sensors, processing ability, software and other technologies that connect and exchange data with other devices and systems over the Internet orInternet of things (IoT) describes devices with sensors, processing ability, software and other technologies that connect and exchange data with other devices and systems over the Internet or

1. Data transfer is essential in modern communication systems two main categories: Wired communication : Uses physical cables to transfer data, offering high speed and reliability. Wireless communication : Uses radio waves, allowing mobility and convenience .

2. Wired Connectivity Wired communication ensures secure and stable data transmission. It is widely used in networking infrastructure, industrial systems, and consumer electronics. IPv4 & IPv6 IPv4 (Internet Protocol Version 4) : Uses 32-bit addressing. Can support approximately 4.3 billion devices. Addresses are running out due to the growing number of connected devices. IPv6 (Internet Protocol Version 6) : Uses 128-bit addressing. Provides a virtually unlimited number of IP addresses. Supports better security, simplified address allocation, and improved Quality of Service ( QoS ).

3. Ethernet & GigE Ethernet : A standard for wired networking. Supports speeds from 10 Mbps to 100 Gbps . Used in homes, offices, and data centers. Gigabit Ethernet (GigE) : A faster version of Ethernet, reaching speeds of 1 Gbps and beyond. Common in high-performance computing, industrial automation, and high-speed data processing.

4. MIPI Protocols MIPI (Mobile Industry Processor Interface) is a set of standards developed for mobile and embedded devices. M-PHY A high-speed physical layer specification for data transmission. Used in mobile applications, storage, and camera interfaces. UniPro (Unified Protocol) A high-speed communication protocol for mobile devices. Used in applications like cameras, sensors, and modems.

5. SPMI (System Power Management Interface) A low-power communication protocol for managing power in embedded systems. Optimizes battery usage in mobile devices. BIF (Battery Interface) A protocol for communication between batteries and power management ICs. Enables efficient battery monitoring and management. SSIC (SuperSpeed USB Inter-Chip) A high-speed USB 3.0-based protocol. Allows fast data transfer between internal components in mobile and embedded systems.

6. M- PCIe (Mobile PCI Express) A version of PCIe adapted for mobile applications. Supports high-speed data transfer with low power consumption. SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) A synchronous serial communication protocol. Used for short-distance communication between microcontrollers and peripherals like sensors and displays.

7. Wireless Connectivity Wireless communication eliminates the need for cables, making it more flexible and scalable. GSM, 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) : Early standard for mobile communication. Based on circuit-switching technology. 2G (Second Generation) : Introduced digital voice communication. Enabled SMS and basic mobile internet. 3G (Third Generation) : Higher data speeds. Enabled mobile internet browsing, video calls, and streaming.

8. 4G (Fourth Generation) : Introduced LTE (Long-Term Evolution) technology. Supports high-speed mobile broadband and HD streaming. 5G (Fifth Generation) : Ultra-fast speeds and low latency. Supports massive device connectivity for IoT and smart cities. Enables applications like autonomous vehicles and remote surgery.

9. IEEE Wireless Standards These standards define wireless communication technologies. IEEE 802.15.4 : Used for low-power, low-data-rate wireless networks. Supports Zigbee , Thread, and 6LoWPAN protocols. Common in IoT and smart home applications. IEEE 802.15.4e : An enhancement of 802.15.4 for industrial applications. Improves reliability, energy efficiency, and security. IEEE 802.11ah (Wi-Fi HaLow ) : Operates in the sub-1 GHz frequency range. Provides extended range and low power consumption. Ideal for IoT and smart agriculture applications.