Writing Review Articles? | Prof. Rahul Pandya (IIT Dharwad)

Dr. Rahul J. Pandya,
Assistant Professor,
Department of Electrical, Electronics, and Communication Engineering,
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Dharwad
Email: [email protected]
1
How to Write Review Articles?
A Comprehensive Guide

How to Write Review Articles?
▪What is a Review Paper?
▪Role of Review Papers
▪What is a Research Paper?
▪Review vs. Research Articles
▪What is a Literature Review?
▪Literature Review vs. Literature Review Papers
▪Good vs. Poor Literature Review
▪Importance of Literature Review Papers
▪Advantages of Publishing Review Articles
▪Who Can Write Review Articles?
▪The Literature Review Cycle
▪Types of Review Papers
▪A Step-by-Step Guide For Writing Review Articles
▪Promoting and Maximizing Research Impact
▪Final Thoughts
Outline
https://publicdomainvectors.org/en/free-clipart/Man-holding-a-poster-vector-drawing/7527.html
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What is a Review Paper?

What is a Review Paper?
https://guides.library.bloomu.edu/litreview, https://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide/literaturereview and other online sources
V. Pathak, R. J. Pandya, V. Bhatia and O. A. Lopez, "Qualitative Survey on Artificial Intelligence Integrated Blockchain Approach for 6G and Beyond," in IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 105935-105981, 2023.
Definition:
▪A review paper is a type of
academic or scholarly article that
summarizes and synthesizes
existing research on a particular
topic or field of study.
▪Unlike original research papers,
which present new findings or data,
review papers analyze and critique
existing literature, providing readers
with a comprehensive overview of
the state of knowledge in a specific
area.

Role of Review Papers

Role of Review Papers
Surveying the Literature
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aoqWKtO7eQ, https://guides.library.bloomu.edu/litreview, https://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide/literaturereview and other online sources

Role of Review Papers
https://guides.library.bloomu.edu/litreview, https://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide/literaturereview and other online sources
V. Pathak, R. J. Pandya, V. Bhatia and O. A. Lopez, "Qualitative Survey on Artificial Intelligence Integrated Blockchain Approach for 6G and Beyond," in IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 105935-105981, 2023.
▪Surveying the Literature: Summarize existing
research, including key theories,
methodologies, findings, and debates within
the field.

Role of Review Papers
Surveying the Literature
Identifying Trends and Gaps
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aoqWKtO7eQ, https://guides.library.bloomu.edu/litreview, https://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide/literaturereview and other online sources

Role of Review Papers
https://guides.library.bloomu.edu/litreview, https://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide/literaturereview and other online sources
V. Pathak, R. J. Pandya, V. Bhatia and O. A. Lopez, "Qualitative Survey on Artificial Intelligence Integrated Blockchain Approach for 6G and Beyond," in IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 105935-105981, 2023.
▪Surveying the Literature: Summarize existing
research, including key theories,
methodologies, findings, and debates within
the field.
▪Identifying Trends and Gaps: Identify trends,
patterns, and gaps in the existing literature,
helping to outline areas where further research
is needed.

Role of Review Papers
Surveying the Literature
Identifying Trends and Gaps
Providing Critical Analysis
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aoqWKtO7eQ, https://guides.library.bloomu.edu/litreview, https://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide/literaturereview and other online sources

Role of Review Papers
https://guides.library.bloomu.edu/litreview, https://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide/literaturereview and other online sources
V. Pathak, R. J. Pandya, V. Bhatia and O. A. Lopez, "Qualitative Survey on Artificial Intelligence Integrated Blockchain Approach for 6G and Beyond," in IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 105935-105981, 2023.
▪Surveying the Literature: Summarize existing
research, including key theories,
methodologies, findings, and debates within
the field.
▪Identifying Trends and Gaps: Identify trends,
patterns, and gaps in the existing literature,
helping to outline areas where further research
is needed.
▪Providing Critical Analysis: Critically evaluate
the strengths and weaknesses of different
studies, methodologies, and theoretical
frameworks, offering insights into the quality
and reliability of existing research.

Role of Review Papers
Surveying the Literature
Identifying Trends and Gaps
Providing Critical Analysis
Offering New Perspectives
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viewArti
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aoqWKtO7eQ, https://guides.library.bloomu.edu/litreview, https://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide/literaturereview and other online sources

Role of Review Papers
https://guides.library.bloomu.edu/litreview, https://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide/literaturereview and other online sources
V. Pathak, R. J. Pandya, V. Bhatia and O. A. Lopez, "Qualitative Survey on Artificial Intelligence Integrated Blockchain Approach for 6G and Beyond," in IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 105935-105981, 2023.
▪Offering New Perspectives: Review papers
may also offer new perspectives, theoretical
frameworks, or conceptual models that
integrate and build upon existing knowledge.

Role of Review Papers
Surveying the Literature
Identifying Trends and Gaps
Providing Critical Analysis
Offering New Perspectives
Informing Future Research
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aoqWKtO7eQ, https://guides.library.bloomu.edu/litreview, https://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide/literaturereview and other online sources

Role of Review Papers
https://guides.library.bloomu.edu/litreview, https://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide/literaturereview and other online sources
V. Pathak, R. J. Pandya, V. Bhatia and O. A. Lopez, "Qualitative Survey on Artificial Intelligence Integrated Blockchain Approach for 6G and Beyond," in IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 105935-105981, 2023.
▪Offering New Perspectives: Review papers
may also offer new perspectives, theoretical
frameworks, or conceptual models that
integrate and build upon existing knowledge.
▪Informing Future Research: They help guide
future research directions by highlighting
unresolved questions, methodological issues,
or promising areas for further investigation.

What is a Research Paper?

What is a Research Paper?
Yesudasu Vasimalla et. al., "Sensitivity enhancement of the SPR biosensor for Pseudomonas bacterial detection employing a silicon-barium titanate structure," Appl. Opt. 60, 5588-5598 (2021)
▪Research Article Overview:
▪A research article is a detailed and scholarly summary of original research, involving a
comprehensive study on a specific problem.
▪Research Process:
▪Authors conduct thorough research, analyze
results, and present detailed findings to the
academic community through research
papers.
▪Contributions to Knowledge:
▪Research papers contribute to the
advancement of knowledge by generating
new insights, theories, methodologies, or
empirical evidence that add to the existing
body of literature within a particular field.
▪Publication Platforms:
▪Research papers can be published across
various platforms, including journals,
conferences, and book chapters.

Review vs. Research
Articles

Review vs. Research Articles
https://guides.library.bloomu.edu/litreview, https://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide/literaturereview and other online sources
Review Article Research Article
▪A review article is a detailed summary of the
existing articles on a specific topic.
▪A research paper is a comprehensive
summary of the original research.
▪Review papers do not report original research.
However, they help researchers to understand
the current state of the art, identify the
research gaps, and find research
opportunities.
▪The authors have to conduct the detailed study
on a specific problem, analyze the results, and
present the detailed findings of their research
to the rest of the community through research
papers.
▪Beginners can start with writing a review
paper, which helps them to develop a deeper
and wider understanding of their research
area.
▪Once the profound background is build up,
they can start performing their research study
and publish them through the prestigious
journals.
▪Often review papers help to gain the citation
counts as they are expected to reach the
larger audience compared to the research
papers.
▪Research paper reports novelty focused on a
specific target area.
▪Page length: 30-40 (Depends on the publisher)▪Page length: 8-15 (Depends on the publisher)

What is a Literature Review?

What is a Literature Review?
Definition of a Literature Review:
▪A literature review is a meticulous examination and comprehensive
summary of existing research works on a specific problem,
encompassing diverse sources such as research articles, books,
white papers, commercial technologies, and patents.
Content and Acknowledgments:
▪It goes beyond a mere summarization by giving due credit to other
researchers, emphasizing a thorough study of state-of-the-art or
previously published research works.

Literature Review Process

Literature Review Process
•Identify a Research
Problem
Literature
Review
Process
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CrNafIgc-fs

Literature Review Process
•Identify a Research
Problem
•Comprehensive
Summary
Literature
Review
Process
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CrNafIgc-fs

Literature Review Process
•Identify a Research
Problem
•Comprehensive
Summary
•Acknowledge other
Researchers
Literature
Review
Process
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CrNafIgc-fs

Literature Review Process
•Identify a Research
Problem
•Comprehensive
Summary
•Acknowledge other
Researchers
•Acquire a Thorough
Understanding
Literature
Review
Process
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CrNafIgc-fs

Literature Review Process
•Identify a Research
Problem
•Comprehensive
Summary
•Acknowledge other
Researchers
•Acquire a Thorough
Understanding
•Identify
Research Gaps
Limitations
Challenges
Literature
Review
Process
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CrNafIgc-fs

Literature Review Process
•Identify a Research
Problem
•Comprehensive
Summary
•Acknowledge other
Researchers
•Acquire a Thorough
Understanding
•Identify
Research Gaps
Limitations
Challenges
•Future Research
Opportunities
Literature
Review
Process
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CrNafIgc-fs

Incorporating Review in Research
Purpose of a Review:
▪Serves the crucial purpose of critically analyzing a segment of the
published body of knowledge.
▪Achieves this through summary, classification, and comparison of
prior research studies, literature reviews, and theoretical articles.
Incorporating Review in Research
▪Frequently serves as an introductory section in academic research
papers.
▪Alternatively, can take the form of a standalone comprehensive review
paper, providing an in-depth exploration of a specific subject area.
▪Acts as a versatile component, finding placement as a self-contained
unit, a preface to primary research in grant proposals, and as a
dedicated chapter in theses and dissertations.

Literature Review Paper
V. Pathak, R. J. Pandya, V. Bhatia and O. A. Lopez, "Qualitative Survey on Artificial Intelligence Integrated Blockchain Approach for 6G and Beyond," in IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 105935-105981, 2023.

V. Pathak, R. J. Pandya, V. Bhatia and O. A. Lopez, "Qualitative Survey on Artificial Intelligence Integrated Blockchain Approach for 6G and Beyond," in IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 105935-105981, 2023.

Literature Review
Research Paper
Yesudasu Vasimalla et. al., "Sensitivity enhancement of the SPR biosensor for Pseudomonas bacterial detection employing a silicon-barium titanate structure," Appl. Opt. 60, 5588-5598 (2021)

Yesudasu Vasimalla et. al., "Sensitivity enhancement of the SPR biosensor for Pseudomonas bacterial detection employing a silicon-barium titanate structure," Appl. Opt. 60, 5588-5598 (2021)

Literature Review
vs.
Literature Review Papers

Literature Review vs. Literature Review Papers
Literature Review (LR) Literature Review Paper (LRP)
▪Integrated Nature: A part of a larger work, often
found in research papers, grant proposals, thesis, or
dissertations.
▪Standalone Nature: A complete, standalone
scholarly article dedicated solely to the review of
literature on a specific topic.
▪Purpose: Serves to provide context and background
for a particular research question or hypothesis.
▪Purpose: Aims to contribute new insights of
frameworks, or perspectives to the existing body of
literature.
▪Structure: Embedded within a research paper,
grant proposal, or thesis, usually found after the
introduction and before the methodology or results
sections.
▪Structure: Follows a complete structure, including
an introduction, methodologies, synthesis and
analysis of findings, conclusion, and possibly
recommendations.
▪Length and Depth: Typically shorter and more
focused on the specific needs of the research
project.
▪ Length and Depth: Longer, more comprehensive,
and explores the topic in greater detail.
▪Originality: Primarily synthesizes existing
knowledge and does not necessarily aim for original
contributions.
▪Originality: Expected to make an original
contribution by offering new perspectives, ideas, or
summarizing the literature in a unique way.

V. Pathak, R. J. Pandya, V. Bhatia and O. A. Lopez, "Qualitative Survey on Artificial Intelligence Integrated Blockchain Approach for 6G and Beyond," in IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 105935-105981, 2023.
Yesudasu Vasimalla et. al., "Sensitivity enhancement of the SPR biosensor for Pseudomonas bacterial detection employing a silicon-barium titanate structure," Appl. Opt. 60, 5588-5598 (2021)
Literature Review
Research Paper

V. Pathak, R. J. Pandya, V. Bhatia and O. A. Lopez, "Qualitative Survey on Artificial Intelligence Integrated Blockchain Approach for 6G and Beyond," in IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 105935-105981, 2023.
Yesudasu Vasimalla et. al., "Sensitivity enhancement of the SPR biosensor for Pseudomonas bacterial detection employing a silicon-barium titanate structure," Appl. Opt. 60, 5588-5598 (2021)

V. Pathak, R. J. Pandya, V. Bhatia and O. A. Lopez, "Qualitative Survey on Artificial Intelligence Integrated Blockchain Approach for 6G and Beyond," in IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 105935-105981, 2023.
Yesudasu Vasimalla et. al., "Sensitivity enhancement of the SPR biosensor for Pseudomonas bacterial detection employing a silicon-barium titanate structure," Appl. Opt. 60, 5588-5598 (2021)
Literature Review Paper
Literature Review
Research Paper

V. Pathak, R. J. Pandya, V. Bhatia and O. A. Lopez, "Qualitative Survey on Artificial Intelligence Integrated Blockchain Approach for 6G and Beyond," in IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 105935-105981, 2023.
Yesudasu Vasimalla et. al., "Sensitivity enhancement of the SPR biosensor for Pseudomonas bacterial detection employing a silicon-barium titanate structure," Appl. Opt. 60, 5588-5598 (2021)
Literature Review Paper

V. Pathak, R. J. Pandya, V. Bhatia and O. A. Lopez, "Qualitative Survey on Artificial Intelligence Integrated Blockchain Approach for 6G and Beyond," in IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 105935-105981, 2023.
Yesudasu Vasimalla et. al., "Sensitivity enhancement of the SPR biosensor for Pseudomonas bacterial detection employing a silicon-barium titanate structure," Appl. Opt. 60, 5588-5598 (2021)

Good vs. Poor
Literature Review

A good literature review A poor literature review
Thorough Coverage:
▪Inclusive coverage of relevant and recent
literature in the field.
▪Addresses key theories, methodologies, and
findings.
Limited Coverage:
▪Limited inclusion of relevant literature, possibly
missing key studies.
▪Fails to capture the breadth and depth of the
field.
Clear Organization:
▪Well-organized structure with a logical flow of
ideas.
▪Uses headings and subheadings to guide the
reader through different themes or perspectives.
Disorganized Structure:
▪Lacks a clear organizational structure, making it
challenging to follow.
▪Fails to guide the reader through the different
sections effectively.
Critical Analysis:
▪Analyzes and critiques the strengths and
weaknesses of existing studies.
▪Demonstrates a critical understanding of the
literature.
Descriptive Rather than Analytical:
▪Describes studies without offering critical
analysis.
▪Fails to evaluate the quality and impact of the
literature.
Synthesis of Information:
▪Synthesizes information to present a coherent
and integrated overview.
▪Identifies trends, patterns, and gaps in the
literature.
Fragmented Overview:
▪Provides a fragmented overview without
synthesizing information.
▪Lacks a cohesive narrative connecting different
studies.

A good literature review A poor literature review
Connection to Research Question:
▪Clearly connects the reviewed literature to the
research question or purpose.
▪Provides a rationale for the research and
justifies its significance.
Disconnect from Research Question:
▪Fails to establish a clear link between the
literature review and the research question.
▪May lack a justification for the chosen
research topic.
Clarity of Expression:
▪Clear and concise writing style.
▪Avoids unnecessary jargon and ensures
accessibility to a broad audience.
Poor Writing Style:
▪Contains unclear or convoluted language.
▪Relies heavily on technical jargon without
adequate explanation.
Balanced Perspective:
▪Presents a balanced view of differing opinions
and conflicting findings.
▪Acknowledges the limitations of existing
studies.
Bias and Lack of Objectivity:
▪Exhibits bias by presenting only one
perspective.
▪Fails to acknowledge differing opinions or
limitations of reviewed studies.
Identification of Methodologies:
▪Highlights and discusses the methodologies
employed in the reviewed studies.
▪Assesses the appropriateness of different
research methods.
Ignorance of Methodologies:
▪Ignores the discussion of research
methodologies employed in the literature.
▪Fails to assess the appropriateness of various
research methods used.

A good literature review A poor literature review
▪Thorough Coverage ▪Limited Coverage
▪Clear Organization ▪Disorganized Structure
▪Critical Analysis ▪Descriptive Rather than Analytical
▪Synthesis of Information ▪Fragmented Overview
▪Connection to Research Question ▪Disconnect from Research Question
▪Clarity of Expression ▪Poor Writing Style
▪Balanced Perspective ▪Bias and Lack of Objectivity
▪Identification of Methodologies ▪Ignorance of Methodologies

Importance
of
Literature Review Papers

Why Literature
Review?
01
04
05
02 06
03 07
08
Importance of Literature Review Papers

Why Literature
Review?
01
04
05
02 06
03 07
08
Contextualizing the
Research
Importance of Literature Review Papers

Why Literature
Review?
01
04
05
02 06
03 07
08
Contextualizing the
Research
Identifying Gaps
and Rationale
Importance of Literature Review Papers

Why Literature
Review?
01
04
05
02 06
03 07
08
Contextualizing the
Research
Identifying Gaps
and Rationale
Understanding
Methodologies
and Approaches
Importance of Literature Review Papers

Why Literature
Review?
01
04
05
02 06
03 07
08
Contextualizing the
Research
Identifying Gaps
and Rationale
Critically Analysing
Previous Work
Understanding
Methodologies
and Approaches
Importance of Literature Review Papers

Why Literature
Review?
01
04
05
02 06
03 07
08
Contextualizing the
Research
Identifying Gaps
and Rationale
Critically Analysing
Previous Work
Building a Conceptual
Framework
Understanding
Methodologies
and Approaches
Importance of Literature Review Papers

Why Literature
Review?
01
04
05
02 06
03 07
08
Contextualizing the
Research
Identifying Gaps
and Rationale
Critically Analysing
Previous Work
Building a Conceptual
Framework
Supporting Arguments
and Hypotheses
Understanding
Methodologies
and Approaches
Importance of Literature Review Papers

Why Literature
Review?
01
04
05
02 06
03 07
08
Contextualizing the
Research
Identifying Gaps
and Rationale
Critically Analysing
Previous Work
Building a Conceptual
Framework
Supporting Arguments
and Hypotheses
Avoiding Redundancy
and Replication
Understanding
Methodologies
and Approaches
Importance of Literature Review Papers

Why Literature
Review?
01
04
05
02 06
03 07
08
Contextualizing the
Research
Identifying Gaps
and Rationale
Critically Analysing
Previous Work
Building a Conceptual
Framework
Supporting Arguments
and Hypotheses
Avoiding Redundancy
and Replication
Identifying Key
Scholars and Works
Understanding
Methodologies
and Approaches
Importance of Literature Review Papers

Why Literature Review?
https://libguides.unco.edu/c.php?g=236360&p=1569693, Prof.D.Ilangovan, HD Commerce AU
▪Contextualizing the Research: It provides a background and context for the research
topic, helping readers understand where the current study fits into the existing body of
knowledge.
▪Identifying Gaps and Rationale: It helps identify gaps in current research or areas where
further investigation is needed. This aids in justifying the importance and relevance of the
current study.
▪Understanding Methodologies and Approaches: Literature reviews often summarize
various methodologies and approaches used in previous studies related to the topic,
helping researchers understand what methods have been successful or unsuccessful in
the past.
▪Critically Analyzing Previous Work: It allows researchers to critically evaluate previous
studies, assessing their strengths, weaknesses, methodologies, and findings. This critical
analysis helps shape the direction and focus of the current study.

Why Literature Review?
https://libguides.unco.edu/c.php?g=236360&p=1569693, Prof.D.Ilangovan, HD Commerce AU
▪Building a Conceptual Framework: Literature reviews contribute to building a conceptual
framework or theoretical foundation for the current research. By synthesizing existing
theories and concepts, researchers can develop a framework to guide their own study.
▪Supporting Arguments and Hypotheses: It provides evidence and support for the
arguments and hypotheses proposed in the current study. By citing relevant literature,
researchers strengthen the credibility of their own work.
▪Avoiding Redundancy and Replication: Literature reviews help researchers avoid
redundancy and duplication by ensuring that they are aware of existing studies and
findings. This prevents unnecessary repetition of research and ensures that new studies
contribute meaningfully to the field.
▪Identifying Key Scholars and Works: It highlights key scholars, theories, and seminal
works in the field, helping researchers become familiar with the foundational literature and
key contributors to the topic.

Advantages of Publishing
Review Articles

Advantages of Publishing Review Articles
▪Help researchers to build
a profound and
broader understanding
of a specific research
problem
▪Reach a larger audience
▪Increase the chances of
collaborations
▪Improve the citation
counts
Y. Vasimalla, H. S. Pradhan, and R. J. Pandya, “Recent Progress in Surface Plasmon Resonance Based Sensors: A Comprehensive Review,” Heliyon Journal – Elsevier, vol. 7, no. 3, pp.1-14, Mar. 2021

Who Should Write Review Articles?

Who Can Write Review Articles?
▪Expert researchers and
domain experts
▪Faculties
▪Post-docs fellows
▪Industry personnel
▪Experts with in-depth
knowledge and have
substantial publishing
track records
Y. Vasimalla, H. S. Pradhan, and R. J. Pandya, “Recent Progress in Surface Plasmon Resonance Based Sensors: A Comprehensive Review,” Heliyon Journal – Elsevier, vol. 7, no. 3, pp.1-14, Mar. 2021

Who Can Write Review Articles?
▪Expert researchers
and domain experts
▪Collaborate and write
comprehensive
review articles
▪Laying a foundation for
a futuristic research
problem for other
researchers
Y. Vasimalla, H. S. Pradhan, and R. J. Pandya, “Recent Progress in Surface Plasmon Resonance Based Sensors: A Comprehensive Review,” Heliyon Journal – Elsevier, vol. 7, no. 3, pp.1-14, Mar. 2021

Who Can Write Review Articles?
▪Expert researchers and
domain experts
▪Review articles would be
highly comprehensive
▪Highlight future
research problems
▪Identify the existing gaps
▪Indicate the future
research directions
Y. Vasimalla, H. S. Pradhan, and R. J. Pandya, “Recent Progress in Surface Plasmon Resonance Based Sensors: A Comprehensive Review,” Heliyon Journal – Elsevier, vol. 7, no. 3, pp.1-14, Mar. 2021

Who Can Write Review Articles?
▪Beginners who are about
to explore a research
problem for their Ph.D.
▪To develop in-depth
knowledge
▪At the end of the Ph.D.,
research scholars can also
write review papers
▪Summarizing everything
indicating the current
gaps and future
research scope
Y. Vasimalla, H. S. Pradhan, and R. J. Pandya, “Recent Progress in Surface Plasmon Resonance Based Sensors: A Comprehensive Review,” Heliyon Journal – Elsevier, vol. 7, no. 3, pp.1-14, Mar. 2021

Types of Review Papers

Types of Review Papers
1
Narrative Review
Systematic Review
Meta-analysis
4
Scoping Review
6
Integrative Review
Critical Review
Literature Map
9Umbrella Review
2
3
7
8
Living Review Rapid Review5 10
https://guides.library.ucla.edu/c.php?g=224129&p=1485355, https://libguides.uwf.edu/c.php?g=435443&p=9174148

Types of Review Papers
1
Narrative Review
https://guides.library.ucla.edu/c.php?g=224129&p=1485355, https://libguides.uwf.edu/c.php?g=435443&p=9174148

Narrative Review
https://guides.library.ucla.edu/c.php?g=224129&p=1485355, https://www.cochranelibrary.com/about/about-cochrane-reviews
Definition and Purpose:
▪Narrative reviews provide a qualitative, comprehensive overview of a subject.
▪Aim to tell a coherent story, capturing the evolution of ideas and theories over
time.
Characteristics:
▪Emphasizes historical context, theoretical foundations, and paradigm shifts.
▪Involves storytelling and a narrative approach.
Strengths and Limitations:
▪Strengths include deep exploration of historical context.
▪Limitations involve subjectivity and potential for bias.

Types of Review Papers
1
Narrative Review
Systematic Review2
https://guides.library.ucla.edu/c.php?g=224129&p=1485355, https://libguides.uwf.edu/c.php?g=435443&p=9174148

Systematic Review
Definition and Purpose:
▪Systematic reviews systematically evaluate and synthesize existing literature
to address a precisely formulated research question.
▪Introduce the concept of a predefined protocol for search, selection, and
analysis.
Characteristics:
▪Adheres to a systematic and predefined methodology.
▪Involves a structured search, selection, and analysis process.
Strengths and Limitations:
▪Strengths include minimized bias and transparency.
▪Limitations involve a resource-intensive nature and dependence on available
relevant studies.
https://guides.library.ucla.edu/c.php?g=224129&p=1485355, https://www.cochranelibrary.com/about/about-cochrane-reviews

Types of Review Papers
1
Narrative Review
Systematic Review
Meta-analysis
2
3
https://guides.library.ucla.edu/c.php?g=224129&p=1485355, https://libguides.uwf.edu/c.php?g=435443&p=9174148

Meta-analysis
Definition and Purpose:
▪Meta-analysis quantitatively combines data from multiple studies to derive
an overall effect size.
▪Highlights the statistical methods employed to pool results and assess
heterogeneity.
Characteristics:
▪Involves statistical techniques for synthesizing data.
▪Enhances statistical power and provides a precise quantitative synthesis.
Strengths and Limitations:
▪Strengths include enhanced statistical power.
▪Limitations involve the need for homogeneity in study design and potential
for publication bias.
https://guides.library.ucla.edu/c.php?g=224129&p=1485355, https://www.cochranelibrary.com/about/about-cochrane-reviews

Types of Review Papers
1
Narrative Review
Systematic Review
Meta-analysis
4
Scoping Review
2
3
https://guides.library.ucla.edu/c.php?g=224129&p=1485355, https://libguides.uwf.edu/c.php?g=435443&p=9174148

Scoping Review
Definition and Purpose:
▪Scoping reviews map out the literature landscape to identify key
concepts, gaps, and potential research areas.
▪Emphasizes the exploratory and inclusive nature of scoping reviews.
Characteristics:
▪Broader in scope, less rigid than a systematic review.
▪Allows for a more exploratory and inclusive approach.
Strengths and Limitations:
▪Strengths include clarity in defining the scope of a research area.
▪Limitations may involve a potential lack of depth compared to
systematic reviews.
https://guides.library.ucla.edu/c.php?g=224129&p=1485355, https://www.cochranelibrary.com/about/about-cochrane-reviews

Types of Review Papers
1
Narrative Review
Systematic Review
Meta-analysis
4
Scoping Review
2
3
Living Review5
https://guides.library.ucla.edu/c.php?g=224129&p=1485355, https://libguides.uwf.edu/c.php?g=435443&p=9174148

Definition and Purpose:
▪Living reviews are continuously updated to incorporate the latest literature
and research findings.
▪Requires a proactive approach to stay current, often facilitated through
online platforms and collaborative efforts.
Characteristics:
▪Maintains relevance over time by ensuring the review remains up-to-date
with emerging research.
▪Demands ongoing effort and resources for regular updates.
Strengths and Limitations:
▪Strengths include maintaining relevance over time.
▪Limitations involve the demand for ongoing effort and resources.
Living Review
https://guides.library.ucla.edu/c.php?g=224129&p=1485355, https://www.cochranelibrary.com/about/about-cochrane-reviews

Types of Review Papers
1
Narrative Review
Systematic Review
Meta-analysis
4
Scoping Review
6
Integrative Review
2
3
Living Review5
https://guides.library.ucla.edu/c.php?g=224129&p=1485355, https://libguides.uwf.edu/c.php?g=435443&p=9174148

Integrative Review
Definition and Purpose:
▪Integrative reviews synthesize evidence from various study designs,
providing a holistic understanding of a research topic.
▪Highlights the combination of qualitative and quantitative research.
Characteristics:
▪Involves a nuanced and comprehensive perspective.
▪Requires expertise in both qualitative and quantitative research methods.
Strengths and Limitations:
▪Strengths include a deeper understanding through consideration of multiple
angles.
▪Limitations involve the challenge of executing both qualitative and
quantitative methodologies.
https://guides.library.ucla.edu/c.php?g=224129&p=1485355, https://www.cochranelibrary.com/about/about-cochrane-reviews

Types of Review Papers
1
Narrative Review
Systematic Review
Meta-analysis
4
Scoping Review
6
Integrative Review
Critical Review2
3
7
Living Review5
https://guides.library.ucla.edu/c.php?g=224129&p=1485355, https://libguides.uwf.edu/c.php?g=435443&p=9174148

Critical Review
Definition and Purpose:
▪Critical reviews focus on critically analyzing and evaluating the strengths
and weaknesses of existing literature.
▪Encourages a reflective stance toward the literature, emphasizing critical
appraisal.
Characteristics:
▪Promotes an in-depth understanding through a nuanced examination.
▪Involves a subjective element in critical appraisal.
Strengths and Limitations:
▪Strengths include a thorough examination of literature quality and
contributions.
▪Limitations involve potential subjectivity in the critical assessment.
https://guides.library.ucla.edu/c.php?g=224129&p=1485355, https://www.cochranelibrary.com/about/about-cochrane-reviews

Types of Review Papers
1
Narrative Review
Systematic Review
Meta-analysis
4
Scoping Review
6
Integrative Review
Critical Review
Literature Map
2
3
7
8
Living Review5
https://guides.library.ucla.edu/c.php?g=224129&p=1485355, https://libguides.uwf.edu/c.php?g=435443&p=9174148

Definition and Purpose:
▪Literature maps or conceptual diagrams visually represent relationships
between different concepts and theories.
▪Facilitates enhanced conceptual understanding and identification of
thematic clusters.
Characteristics:
▪Visual tool aiding in the understanding of complex relationships.
▪Complements textual analysis.
Strengths and Limitations:
▪Strengths include enhanced visualization of relationships.
▪Limitations may involve oversimplification or omission of nuanced details.
Literature Map or Conceptual Diagram
https://guides.library.ucla.edu/c.php?g=224129&p=1485355, https://www.cochranelibrary.com/about/about-cochrane-reviews

Types of Review Papers
1
Narrative Review
Systematic Review
Meta-analysis
4
Scoping Review
6
Integrative Review
Critical Review
Literature Map
9Umbrella Review
2
3
7
8
Living Review5
https://guides.library.ucla.edu/c.php?g=224129&p=1485355, https://libguides.uwf.edu/c.php?g=435443&p=9174148

Umbrella Review
https://guides.library.ucla.edu/c.php?g=224129&p=1485355, https://www.cochranelibrary.com/about/about-cochrane-reviews
Definition and Purpose:
▪Comprehensive synthesis of systematic reviews and meta-analyses on a topic.
▪Overarching assessment and consolidated insight into existing evidence.
Characteristics:
▪Inclusive Scope: Encompasses a broad range of systematic reviews within the defined
topic.
▪Rigorous Methodology: Applies stringent inclusion criteria and methodological
assessments.
▪Evidence Synthesis: Integrates and analyses data from various reviews to identify
patterns.
Strengths and Limitations:
▪Comprehensive Insight: Holistic understanding from multiple reviews.
▪Efficiency: Uses existing reviews, saving time.
▪Identifies Research Gaps: Guides future studies.
▪Quality Variability: Depends on included review quality.
▪Publication Bias: Relies on published reviews.
▪Heterogeneity Across Reviews: Methodological variability may pose challenges.

Types of Review Papers
1
Narrative Review
Systematic Review
Meta-analysis
4
Scoping Review
6
Integrative Review
Critical Review
Literature Map
9Umbrella Review
2
3
7
8
Living Review Rapid Review5 10
https://guides.library.ucla.edu/c.php?g=224129&p=1485355, https://libguides.uwf.edu/c.php?g=435443&p=9174148

https://guides.library.ucla.edu/c.php?g=224129&p=1485355, https://www.cochranelibrary.com/about/about-cochrane-reviews, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344154039_Principles_of_Writing_Review_Articles/figures?lo=1
Definition and Purpose:
▪Rapid reviews are conducted in a shorter timeframe to provide quick
insights, often for decision-making or policy development.
▪Balances the need for speed with maintaining a reasonable level of rigor.
Characteristics:
▪Offers a timely overview, suitable for time-sensitive situations or emerging
issues.
▪Balances the need for speed with maintaining a reasonable level of rigor.
Strengths and Limitations:
▪Strengths include timely insights.
▪Limitations may involve sacrificing depth for expediency.
Rapid Review

A Step-by-Step Guide
For
Writing Review Articles

The Literature Review Cycle

The Literature Review Cycle
▪Selection of Research Question:
▪Formulate a precise research question to
guide the literature review.
▪Literature Exploration:
▪Conduct an extensive search for published
works related to the research question.
▪Management of Literature Search Results:
▪Organize and manage the gathered
literature to facilitate analysis.
▪Synthesis of Research Literature:
▪Integrate and synthesize information
extracted from the reviewed literature.
▪Composition of an Evaluative Review:
▪Write a critical assessment, evaluating the
findings and insights from the synthesized
literature.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aoqWKtO7eQ

The Literature Review Cycle
▪Iterative Refinement:
▪Engage in an iterative process of
rethinking, refining, and reworking the
review until a satisfactory outcome is
achieved.
▪Research Problem Identification:
▪Summarize existing works and
acknowledge the contributions of previous
researchers.
▪Thorough Understanding:
▪Attain a profound understanding of the
subject matter through the literature review.
▪Research Gap Analysis:
▪Identify gaps, limitations, challenges, and
potential avenues for future research
opportunities.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aoqWKtO7eQ

https://dkit.ie.libguides.com/literaturereview, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aoqWKtO7eQ
▪Formulating the Problem:
▪Define the topic or field under examination, along
with its component issues.
▪Literature Search:
▪Explore relevant materials through a
comprehensive literature search.
▪Refining the Problem:
▪The search process involves reading and refining
the defined problem.
▪Data Evaluation:
▪Identify literature that significantly contributes to
understanding the topic.
▪Analysis and Interpretation:
▪Discuss findings and conclusions derived from
pertinent literature.
▪Formatting and Bibliography:
▪Organize and create a well-structured bibliography
for your literature review.
Literature Review Process

https://researcher.life/blog/article/what-are-implications-recommendations-in-research/, https://researcher.life/blog/article/what-is-a-research-paradigm-types-examples/
▪Foundation of Literature Review:
▪Establish a clear understanding of the research
problem before diving into the literature.
▪Shaping Your Research:
▪Literature review significantly contributes to refining
your research problem.
▪Building Relationships:
▪Defines the intricate relationship between your
research problem and the existing knowledge.
Enhancing Research Focus: Clear Problem Statement

https://www.mbopartners.com/blog/how-manage-small-business/how-to-keep-your-skills-and-knowledge-current-and-why-it-matters1/
▪Literature Exploration:
▪Ensure a comprehensive exploration of your research area through a thorough literature
review.
▪Extensive Reading:
▪Read widely within the subject area
slated for your research study.
▪Understanding Research Landscape:
▪Know the findings of other researchers
on similar questions.
▪Exploring Theories:
▪Delve into theories proposed in the field.
▪Identifying Knowledge Gaps:
▪Pinpoint gaps existing in the relevant body of knowledge.
Expanding Horizons: Enriching Your Research Foundation

(Green, Johnson, & Adams, 2006)
▪Selecting an Intriguing Topic:
▪Choose a topic that genuinely interests you to maintain motivation throughout
the process.
▪Feasible Focus:
▪Opt for a topic with a manageable focus, making it easier to complete.
▪Clarity is a Key:
▪Keep the focus clear and defined; avoid overly broad subjects for more
effective problem formulation (e.g., opt for "stress factors" over "headaches").
▪Seeking Support:
▪Get help early and consistently.
▪Seek opinions before starting, and review drafts as you progress.
▪Iterative Process:
▪Begin with a general idea, review the literature in that area, and refine your
problem based on your findings.
Crafting an Effective Problem Statement

▪Identifying the Research Gap:
▪Review existing literature to pinpoint areas lacking sufficient coverage.
▪Seek unanswered research questions and controversies in the field.
▪Assessing Relevance and Importance:
▪Consider the topic's significance in the current context.
▪Evaluate the potential impact of the review on the research community.
▪Ensuring Feasibility and Manageability:
▪Determine the availability of relevant studies and data sources.
▪Consider the scope of the review in relation to available resources (time,
expertise).
Strategic Selection of a Review Topic
(Green, Johnson, & Adams, 2006)

▪Formulating a Clearly Defined Research Question:
▪Articulate the objective and scope of your review with utmost clarity.
▪Ensure that the research question effectively targets the identified research
gap.
▪Specifying Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria:
▪Define meticulous criteria for study selection (e.g., considering publication
date and study design).
▪Clearly outline the types of sources to be included (e.g., peer-reviewed
articles, grey literature).
▪Outlining Objectives and Scope of the Review:
▪Offer a comprehensive overview of the review's overarching aims and goals.
▪Define the boundaries of the review explicitly, both in terms of time and topic.
Precision in Crafting the Research Question
(Green, Johnson, & Adams, 2006)

(Green, Johnson, & Adams, 2006)
▪Developing a Comprehensive Search Strategy:
▪Identify pertinent keywords, synonyms, and related terms to optimize your
search.
▪Skillfully combine search terms using Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT) for
precision.
▪Utilizing Academic Databases and Search Engines:
▪Harness the power of specialized databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and
Web of Science.
▪Employ Google Scholar for expansive searches and efficient citation tracking.
▪Hand-searching Journals and References:
▪Scrutinize reference lists of relevant articles to uncover additional valuable
sources.
▪Explore journals and publications indexed in major databases, ensuring the
maintenance of high quality.
Mastering Effective Literature Search Strategies

▪Books:
▪Comprehensive exploration of a topic, providing in-depth knowledge and background information.
▪Journals:
▪Peer-reviewed articles offering current and specialized insights into specific research areas.
▪Conference Papers:
▪Presentations and findings from conferences, showcasing the latest research and developments.
▪Dissertations:
▪In-depth research projects contributing substantial knowledge to a specific subject.
▪Bibliographies:
▪Lists of references that can lead to additional relevant literature on a given topic.
▪Internet:
▪Online sources, including reputable websites, blogs, and forums, providing diverse perspectives.
▪Indexes/Abstracts (Printed and Electronic):
▪Catalogs summarizing and indexing research articles, aiding in efficient literature search.
▪Government Publications:
▪Reports and publications from government agencies, offering valuable data and insights.
▪Theses:
▪Original research projects submitted for academic degrees, contributing to scholarly knowledge.
▪Interviews and Unpublished Research:
▪First-hand accounts, personal interviews, and unpublished research providing unique perspectives.
Identify Resources

Chapter 8: Writing the Literature Review – Literature Reviews for Education and Nursing Graduate Students (rebus.community)
Critical Reading of Literature
▪Skimming the papers
▪Abstracts, headings, and subheadings
▪Do not read the entire paper in the first go
▪First, filter the target papers, and read a few relevant
papers thoroughly
▪Read the introduction and conclusion
▪Charts and statistical tables
▪Read the references
▪Skim body, read relevant

▪Read Read and write selectively!
▪Get the habit of reading soft copies instead
of hard copies of the papers
▪You can highlight through PDF editor
▪You can do a search using Control+F
▪You can access the papers anywhere
through your drive
▪Carrying the hard copies of the 100 papers
is not feasible
▪Go digital
▪Take notes as you read: Develop a system of
highlighting and underlining, marking,
and/or paraphrasing which is most relevant
https://pixabay.com/illustrations/student-boy-reading-book-studying-5730767/https://pixabay.com/illustrations/read-reading-literacy-education-652384/
Read, Read, and Read…!

Chapter 8: Writing the Literature Review – Literature Reviews for Education and Nursing Graduate Students (rebus.community)
Critical Reading of Literature
▪Evaluating Source Credibility and Quality:
▪Assess the reputation of authors and the credibility of
the publishing journal.
▪Verify if sources are peer-reviewed and deemed
reputable in the field.
▪Analyzing and Synthesizing Information:
▪Identify key findings and central arguments within
each study.
▪Conduct a comparative analysis, highlighting
similarities and differences across studies.
▪Identifying Strengths and Limitations of Studies:
▪Scrutinize methodology, sample size, and statistical
analyses for each study.
▪Acknowledge potential biases and confounding
factors, ensuring a comprehensive evaluation of
research quality.

▪Seek clarification on assignment specifics from your
supervisor/lecturer.
▪Determine the expected number of sources to be included.
▪Define the types of sources encouraged (books, journal articles,
websites).
▪Understand the desired approach: summarization, synthesis, or
critique of sources focusing on common themes or issues.
▪Confirm whether evaluation of sources is required
Preparing for the Literature Review: Key Considerations

https://www.maxpixel.net/Zoom-Magnify-Find-Research-Focus-Magnifying-Glass-5288878
Preparing for Effective Literature Review Writing
▪Find Models:
▪Explore existing literature reviews in your area of interest or discipline.
▪Analyze them to understand themes and organizational strategies for your review.
▪Narrow Your Topic:
▪Acknowledge the abundance of literature and narrow
your topic for focused research.
▪A narrower topic facilitates the relevant sources.
▪Consider Currency of Sources:
▪Evaluate the recency of your sources.
▪Find a Focus:
▪Organize your literature review around ideas, not just the sources.
▪Structure it around key themes and concepts, akin to the organization of a term paper.

Critical Assessment Criteria for Literature Review
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aoqWKtO7eQ

Critical Assessment Criteria for Literature Review
Originality
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aoqWKtO7eQ

Critical Assessment Criteria for Literature Review
Originality
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aoqWKtO7eQ

Critical Assessment Criteria for Literature Review
Originality
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aoqWKtO7eQ

Critical Assessment Criteria for Literature Review
Originality
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Objectivity
Synthesis
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aoqWKtO7eQ

Critical Assessment Criteria for Literature Review
Originality
Methodology
Objectivity
Synthesis
Significance
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aoqWKtO7eQ

(Lyons, 2005)
▪Contribution to Understanding:
▪Place each work in the context of its contribution to the understanding of the subject
under review.
▪Highlight the unique aspects that each work brings to the field.
▪Relationship Among Works:
▪Describe the relationship of each work to others under consideration.
▪Illustrate how different works connect and contribute to a broader understanding.
▪New Interpretations and Gap Identification:
▪Identify new ways to interpret existing research.
▪Shed light on gaps in previous research to pinpoint areas for further exploration.
▪Preventing Duplication:
▪Identify areas of prior scholarship to prevent duplication of effort.
▪Ensure that the review builds on existing knowledge without redundancy.
▪Guiding Future Research:
▪Point the way forward for further research.
▪Provide insights and recommendations for future studies based on the gaps identified.
Contextualizing and Advancing Research Understanding

▪Critically Analyze the Literature:
▪Ensure a critical analysis of the literature by following through on
concepts and questions, comparing items, and discussing their
strengths and weaknesses.
▪Include Contrary Perspectives:
▪Cite and discuss studies contrary to your perspective for a
balanced and comprehensive review.
▪Ensure Relevance for the Reader:
▪Consider whether your literature review is relevant, appropriate,
and useful for the reader.
https://advice.writing.utoronto.ca/types-of-writing/literature-review/
Evaluating Key Considerations in Your Literature Review

https://advice.writing.utoronto.ca/types-of-writing/literature-review/
▪Research Study Components:
▪In a research study, evaluate the basic components of the study design (population,
intervention, outcome).
▪Assess the accuracy and validity of measurements, data analysis, and the conclusions
drawn.
▪Structural Assessment:
▪Analyze the structure of the argument.
▪Deconstruct the flow to identify logical breakdowns, especially in establishing cause-effect
relationships.
▪Contributions to Understanding:
▪Assess how the book or article contributes to understanding the problem under study and its
practical utility.
▪Identify strengths and limitations.
▪Relevance to Your Thesis or Question:
▪Consider how the book or article relates to the specific thesis or question you are developing.
Critical Evaluation in Literature Review

Y. Vasimalla, H. S. Pradhan, and R. J. Pandya, “Recent Progress in Surface Plasmon Resonance Based Sensors: A Comprehensive Review,” Heliyon Journal – Elsevier, vol. 7, no. 3, pp.1-14, Mar. 2021
▪Accepted Facts in the Area:
▪Acknowledge and present the accepted facts within the research area.
▪Popular Opinion:
▪Highlight the prevalent perspectives and popular opinions in the field.
▪Shortcomings in Existing Findings:
▪Address the identified shortcomings within the existing findings.
▪Limitations in Methods Used:
▪Discuss the limitations in the methods employed in the existing research.
▪Relevance of Your Research:
▪Articulate the relevance of your research in addressing gaps or improving upon existing
knowledge.
▪Suggestions for Further Research:
▪Propose thoughtful suggestions for further research in the area, building on your own findings.
Contextualizing Your Research in the Literature

▪Objective:
▪Focus on extracting key points through a comparative analysis
across studies, enhancing the depth of your literature review.
▪Key Comparison Areas:
▪Compare and contrast across
studies in areas such as:
▪Research aim(s) or hypotheses.
▪Research design and sampling methods.
▪Instruments and procedures employed.
▪Data analysis techniques.
▪Results or findings.
▪Interpretations drawn from the studies.
Comparative Analysis in Literature Review

https://www.ptglab.com/news/blog/how-to-review-a-scientific-paper-in-10-easy-steps/, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aoqWKtO7eQ
A Comprehensive Guide to Scientific Paper Review
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https://www.ptglab.com/news/blog/how-to-review-a-scientific-paper-in-10-easy-steps/, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aoqWKtO7eQ
A Comprehensive Guide to Scientific Paper Review
Understand the purpose
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https://www.ptglab.com/news/blog/how-to-review-a-scientific-paper-in-10-easy-steps/, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aoqWKtO7eQ
A Comprehensive Guide to Scientific Paper Review
Understand the purpose
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https://www.ptglab.com/news/blog/how-to-review-a-scientific-paper-in-10-easy-steps/, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aoqWKtO7eQ
A Comprehensive Guide to Scientific Paper Review
Understand the purpose
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https://www.ptglab.com/news/blog/how-to-review-a-scientific-paper-in-10-easy-steps/, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aoqWKtO7eQ
A Comprehensive Guide to Scientific Paper Review
Understand the purpose
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Evaluate methodologies
Evaluate results
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https://www.ptglab.com/news/blog/how-to-review-a-scientific-paper-in-10-easy-steps/, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aoqWKtO7eQ
A Comprehensive Guide to Scientific Paper Review
Understand the purpose
Get familarize
Evaluate methodologies
Evaluate results
Evaluate references
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https://www.ptglab.com/news/blog/how-to-review-a-scientific-paper-in-10-easy-steps/, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aoqWKtO7eQ
A Comprehensive Guide to Scientific Paper Review
Understand the purpose
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Evaluate results
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https://www.ptglab.com/news/blog/how-to-review-a-scientific-paper-in-10-easy-steps/, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aoqWKtO7eQ
A Comprehensive Guide to Scientific Paper Review
Understand the purpose
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Evaluate results
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Discussion

https://www.ptglab.com/news/blog/how-to-review-a-scientific-paper-in-10-easy-steps/, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aoqWKtO7eQ
A Comprehensive Guide to Scientific Paper Review
Understand the purpose
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Evaluate methodologies
Evaluate results
Evaluate references
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https://www.ptglab.com/news/blog/how-to-review-a-scientific-paper-in-10-easy-steps/, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aoqWKtO7eQ
A Comprehensive Guide to Scientific Paper Review
Understand the purpose
Get familarize
Evaluate methodologies
Evaluate results
Evaluate references
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Feedback
Critics
Ethics
Discussion

https://www.ptglab.com/news/blog/how-to-review-a-scientific-paper-in-10-easy-steps/, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aoqWKtO7eQ
A Comprehensive Guide to Scientific Paper Review
Understand the purpose
Get familarize
Evaluate methodologies
Evaluate results
Evaluate references
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https://www.ptglab.com/news/blog/how-to-review-a-scientific-paper-in-10-easy-steps/, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aoqWKtO7eQ
▪Understand the Purpose of the Review:
▪Clearly define the purpose and specific aspects to focus on for a fair and
constructive critique.
▪Familiarize Yourself with the Paper:
▪Thoroughly read the paper to grasp its content, understanding the research
question, methodology, data analysis, results, and conclusions.
▪Evaluate the Paper’s Structure and Clarity:
▪Assess overall structure, organization, and writing clarity. Identify areas
needing clarification or restructuring.
▪Evaluate the Research Methods:
▪Scrutinize research methods for appropriateness, rigor, and description.
Identify potential flaws or limitations.
▪Evaluate the Results and Analysis:
▪Examine data, assessing its support for the research question. Check for
inconsistencies and evaluate the statistical analysis.
A Comprehensive Guide to Scientific Paper Review

https://www.ptglab.com/news/blog/how-to-review-a-scientific-paper-in-10-easy-steps/, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aoqWKtO7eQ
▪Assess the Discussion and Conclusions:
▪Evaluate the discussion's interpretation of results. Assess alignment with research
question and suggest alternative interpretations or future research avenues.
▪Consider Ethical Considerations:
▪Mind ethical considerations, assessing adherence to guidelines, informed consent,
and participant confidentiality. Highlight ethical concerns and propose solutions.
▪Verify References and Citations:
▪Ensure accuracy, relevance, and completeness of references. Assess their
credibility and contribution to the paper's strength.
▪Provide Constructive Feedback:
▪Offer constructive and respectful feedback, outlining strengths, weaknesses, and
specific improvement suggestions. Avoid personal attacks.
▪Summarize Your Review:
▪Conclude with a concise summary, highlighting strengths, weaknesses, and overall
recommendations for acceptance, revision, or rejection.
A Comprehensive Guide to Scientific Paper Review

(Mauch & Birch, 1993)
▪Sequential Approach:
▪Start with new material and progress towards older sources.
▪Begin with a general overview and gradually delve into specific areas of interest.
▪From General to Specific:
▪Commencing with a general topic provides a foundational understanding of research
interrelationships.
▪Develop insights and connections that guide the review towards specific areas of focus.
▪Evolution of Search Focus:
▪As you read and gain more knowledge, refine and refocus your search criteria.
▪Ensure alignment with the evolving understanding of the topic.
▪Critical Thinking and Analysis:
▪Apply critical thinking to evaluate the relevance and reliability of the information.
▪Weed out irrelevant or low-quality sources to maintain the integrity of your literature review.
▪Iterative Review Process:
▪Recognize that review processes are iterative.
▪Continuous refinement of search strategies based on acquired knowledge is key.
▪Seek Feedback from Experts:
▪Arrange dedicated review sessions with experienced researchers in the field.
▪Receive valuable feedback and discuss any challenges faced during the literature review process.
A Comprehensive Guide to Scientific Paper Review

Planning

▪Identify a Topic or Problem Statement:
▪Choose a review topic that aligns with the scope of your assignment.
▪Ensure it is an area where there's a significant body of existing literature.
▪Allocate Time:
▪Plan an appropriate period for each stage:
▪Literature Review
▪Writing
▪Revision
▪Explore Relevant Sources:
▪Dive into academic databases, journals, and books relevant to your review topic.
▪Take detailed notes and categorize literature based on themes and findings.
▪Understanding Expectations:
▪Discuss with your supervisor to clarify expectations regarding the depth and
breadth of the review.
▪Analyze the guidelines provided by your supervisor or institution.
Planning
https://pixabay.com/photos/planning-organized-word-planner-5570360/

▪Identify Target Journals/Conferences:
▪Research potential journals or conferences suitable for publishing review papers.
▪Consider the scope, impact factor, and audience of each venue.
▪Understand Quality Standards:
▪Evaluate the expected level of critical analysis and synthesis for your target
publishers.
▪Familiarize yourself with the formatting and citation styles required for review
papers.
▪Perform Literature Review Activities:
▪Conduct an exhaustive review
▪Summarize key findings
▪Identify gaps, and present a comprehensive overview
▪Self-Questioning:
▪Deadline:
▪Goal of Assignment:
Planning
https://pixabay.com/photos/planning-organized-word-planner-5570360/

Organizing the Literature Review

Organizing the Literature Review
Topical OrderFIRST OPTION
SECOND OPTION
THIRD OPTION
FOURTH OPTION
FIVE OPTION

▪Topical Order: Structure the review based on main topics or issues, highlighting
their relevance to the central problem.
Organizing the Literature Review
https://custom-writing.org/blog/best-literature-review

Organizing the Literature Review
Topical Order
Chronological Order
FIRST OPTION
SECOND OPTION
THIRD OPTION
FOURTH OPTION
FIVE OPTION

▪Topical Order: Structure the review based on main topics or issues, highlighting
their relevance to the central problem.
▪Chronological Order: Arrange the literature chronologically according to the
publication dates of the research.
Organizing the Literature Review
https://custom-writing.org/blog/best-literature-review

Organizing the Literature Review
Topical Order
Chronological Order
FIRST OPTION
SECOND OPTION
THIRD OPTION
FOURTH OPTION
FIVE OPTION
Problem-Cause-Solution Order

▪Topical Order: Structure the review based on main topics or issues, highlighting
their relevance to the central problem.
▪Chronological Order: Arrange the literature chronologically according to the
publication dates of the research.
▪Problem-Cause-Solution Order: Organize the review to progress seamlessly
from presenting the problem to exploring its causes and proposing effective
solutions.
Organizing the Literature Review
https://custom-writing.org/blog/best-literature-review

Organizing the Literature Review
Topical Order
Chronological Order
FIRST OPTION
SECOND OPTION
THIRD OPTION
FOURTH OPTION
FIVE OPTION
Problem-Cause-Solution Order
General-to-Specific Order

▪Topical Order: Structure the review based on main topics or issues, highlighting
their relevance to the central problem.
▪Chronological Order: Arrange the literature chronologically according to the
publication dates of the research.
▪Problem-Cause-Solution Order: Organize the review to progress seamlessly
from presenting the problem to exploring its causes and proposing effective
solutions.
▪General-to-Specific Order: Begin with a broad exploration of research, gradually
narrowing down to specific studies that directly relate to the topic.
Organizing the Literature Review
https://custom-writing.org/blog/best-literature-review

Organizing the Literature Review
Topical Order
Chronological Order
FIRST OPTION
SECOND OPTION
THIRD OPTION
FOURTH OPTION
FIVE OPTION
Problem-Cause-Solution Order
General-to-Specific Order
Specific-to-General Order

▪Topical Order: Structure the review based on main topics or issues, highlighting
their relevance to the central problem.
▪Chronological Order: Arrange the literature chronologically according to the
publication dates of the research.
▪Problem-Cause-Solution Order: Organize the review to progress seamlessly
from presenting the problem to exploring its causes and proposing effective
solutions.
▪General-to-Specific Order: Begin with a broad exploration of research, gradually
narrowing down to specific studies that directly relate to the topic.
▪Specific-to-General Order: Delve into specific research studies to draw insightful
conclusions, creating a path from specific details to a broader understanding.
Organizing the Literature Review
https://custom-writing.org/blog/best-literature-review

A Chronological Exploration:
Characteristics

▪Early Pioneers: Investigate the foundational studies that laid the groundwork for
the development of the field.
▪Progressive Milestones: Explore the linear progression of research, identifying
key studies that marked significant advancements.
▪Turning Points: Uncover paradigm shifts within the field, examining studies that
signaled transformative changes in perspectives and approaches.
▪Chronological: Typical Language
▪This subject was first studied by X, who argued/found…
▪In (date), Y modified/extended/contradicted X’s work by…
▪Today, research by Z represents the current state of the field.
A Chronological Exploration: Characteristics

Seminal Study: Characteristics

▪Unveiling the Cornerstone: Dive into a comprehensive exploration of the pivotal
study that serves as the cornerstone for the entire body of research.
▪Evolutionary Trajectory: Trace the subsequent development and organization of
later works, illustrating how they build upon or deviate from the foundational study.
▪Significance Amplified: Highlight the ongoing significance of the central study,
emphasizing its lasting impact on shaping the landscape of future research.
▪Seminal Study: Typical Language
▪The most important research on this topic was the study by X in (date).
▪Following X’s study, research fell into two camps (extended X’s work, etc.)
Seminal Study: Characteristics

Review Paper Writing Process

▪Consider Effective Presentation:
▪Determine the most effective way to present information in your literature
review.
▪Identify Important Topics and Subtopics:
▪Outline the key topics and subtopics essential for a comprehensive review.
▪Establish an Order of Presentation:
▪Strategically decide the order in which you will present topics for optimal
coherence and reader understanding.
▪Identify the Type of Literature Review:
▪Determine the type of literature review you are conducting—whether it
focuses on theory, methodology, policy, quantitative research, qualitative
research, or other aspects.
Strategic Organization of Your Literature Review

▪Organize your thoughts
▪Before you commence writing the review paper, create a clear outline of
your paper
▪Understand the information flow and ensure nothing is forgotten
▪An outline is a list of what you plan to include in each section or subsection
in your article
▪A structured outline enables you to organize your ideas and fit them in an
organized fashion in your paper without forgetting anything
Outlining the structure of your paper

▪Title
▪Abstract
▪Introduction
▪Comprehensive
review of Methods
▪Summary of the
outcomes
▪Existing research
gaps
▪Future scope
▪Conclusion
▪Acknowledgement
▪References
How to Write a Review Paper? – Structure of a Review Paper
Review Paper
Writing
Review Paper
Writing Phase
Latex
Overleaf
Standard
Journal or
Conferece
foramt
Organize tex file
and generate pdf
Validation and
Proof reading
Enhance
English
Plagiarism<10%
Structuring the
Review paper
Title
Affiliations
Abstract
Main body
Introduction
Contributions
Review of
Methodologies
Protocols
Strategies
Algorithms
Conclusion
Future scope
References
Synthesis

Writing

Alpha Stock Images - http://alphastockimages.com/
▪Informative
▪Reflect the content of the article.
▪Area of study.
▪Concise and impactful
▪Neither a question, nor a conclusion.
▪Concise
▪Precise Length (6 to 12 words)
▪Examples of titles
▪Recent progress on surface plasmon resonance based sensor : A
comprehensive review
▪Qualitative Survey on Artificial Intelligence Integrated Blockchain Approach for
6G and Beyond
Title - Less is More

Authors, their Affiliations and Orders
▪Author and Co-Authors
▪Affiliations
▪IEEE membership information
▪Formatting as per the publisher
▪IEEE
▪Elsevier
▪Wily
▪Hindwi
V. Pathak, R. J. Pandya, V. Bhatia and O. A. Lopez, "Qualitative Survey on Artificial Intelligence Integrated Blockchain Approach for 6G and Beyond," in IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 105935-105981, 2023.

Abstract

Abstract
https://vectorportal.com/vector/abstract-rectangular-shapes/16290, http://www.123freevectors.com/license-design-by-123freevectors/
▪Summarizing the Review's Purpose and Findings
▪Include the research problem, methodology,
and main outcomes.
▪Highlight the significance and implications of
the review.
▪Following Journal-specific Abstract Guidelines
▪Review the targeted journal's requirements for
abstract length and format.
▪Ensure the abstract adheres to the specific
word count limitations.
▪Highlighting Key Contributions and Implications
▪Emphasize the novelty and originality of the
review.
▪Discuss how the findings contribute to the
existing literature and research field.

Introduction

▪Providing Background Information:
▪Brief Overview:
▪Offer a concise summary of the research area's significance.
▪Discuss any pertinent historical context or developments.
▪Clearly Stating Purpose and Objectives:
▪Presenting the Research Question:
▪Clearly articulate the research question or thesis statement.
▪Explain the focus and scope of the review.
▪Presenting the Research Question/Hypothesis:
▪Formulating Specific Question:
▪Define the specific question or hypothesis to be addressed.
▪Emphasize the question's importance within the research field.
▪Explain to the readers what novel insights you are offering
▪Give a quick summary of the structure or organization of the rest of the paper,
what is there in each section that you can summarize in short
Writing the Introduction
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Original Image:https://www.thebluediamondgallery.com/finger01/i/introduction.html

Review Paper – Main body

▪Themes or Categories:
▪Organize the literature into themes or categories.
▪Identify common threads or trends in the research.
▪Critical Evaluation of Literature:
▪Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the studies reviewed.
▪Discuss the methodologies used in the literature.
▪Analyze the reliability and validity of the findings.
▪Conceptual Frameworks or Theoretical Perspectives:
▪Explore different theoretical frameworks used in the literature.
▪Discuss how these frameworks contribute to the understanding of the topic.
▪Current State of Knowledge:
▪Summarize the current state of knowledge on the topic.
▪Identify gaps in the literature or areas that need further exploration.
Review Paper – Main body

▪Methodological Approaches:
▪Discuss different research methods employed in the studies.
▪Compare and contrast methodologies to highlight strengths and limitations.
▪Emerging Trends or Future Directions:
▪Identify emerging trends in the field.
▪Suggest potential areas for future research.
▪Integration of Findings:
▪Synthesize the findings from different studies.
▪Look for patterns, contradictions, or gaps in the literature.
▪Conclusion:
▪Summarize the key findings of the review.
▪Discuss the implications of the literature for the field.
▪Provide recommendations for future research.
Review Paper – Main body

▪Use Informative Subheadings:
▪Guide the reader with descriptive subheadings.
▪Group related studies and ideas.
▪Maintain Smooth Flow:
▪Include transition sentences between sections.
▪Sustain a cohesive narrative
▪Graphics:
▪Center graphics, such as diagrams or tables, allowing ample space around
them to avoid crowding within the text.
▪Language Focus:
▪Maintain a balance between direct quotations and paraphrasing.
▪Choose verb tense strategically
Critical Assessment Criteria for Literature Review

Visual Tools for Thought Organization

▪Feature Map:
▪Classifies and categorizes thoughts in a tabular form, providing a structured
overview.
▪Concept Map:
▪Establishes links between concepts and processes, showcasing relationships
between ideas and practical applications.
▪Tree Construction:
▪Demonstrates how a central topic branches out into subthemes and related
questions.
▪Represents stages in the development of a topic through visual tree
construction.
Visual Tools for Thought Organization

▪Figures, Tables, Experimental
Setup’s diagrams, Graphs, Bar-
charts
▪Analytical explanations
▪Findings must be discussed in
terms of numbers along with a
general trend of the graphs
▪Comparative statements
▪Conclusive points of your
outcomes
▪Present tabular reviews
▪Strengths/limitations
▪Implications of findings
▪High-quality resolution of figures
https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-qlnph
Figures, Tables, Pi-charts

Writing the Findings and Discussions

Writing the Findings and Discussions
▪Interpreting the Review's Findings
▪Relate the review's findings back to the
research question and objectives.
▪Discuss how the results align with
existing theories or contradict previous
findings.
▪Comparing and Contrasting Studies
▪Highlight similarities and differences
among the studies.
▪Identify any discrepancies or
inconsistencies that require further
investigation.
https://www.voxco.com/blog/how-to-write-research-methodology/

Abbreviations

▪Abbreviations are defined for the frequently or repeatedly used term in the paper
▪If you are using terms frequently, such as Mobile Routing (MR), which can be defined as MR and
reused everywhere in the text. Make sure that no undefined abbreviations are used
▪It helps to save the word count
▪Double-check that all the abbreviations are defined first when they come first in the text, and
later abbreviations are used in the subsequent text
▪This has to be done separately for the Abstract and Introduction onwards through the paper
▪This means if let us say Mobile Routing (MR) comes in the abstract and you want to reuse that
term “MR,” you will have to define that first in the abstract, and you can reuse it in the abstract
▪Similarly, if it comes first in the introduction, again you will have to redefine Mobile Routing
(MR), and later in the subsequent text, you can reuse the abbreviation “MR”
▪Perform one separate round of proofreading only dedicated to the abbreviation cross
verification
https://www.publicdomainpictures.net/en/view-image.php?image=354233&picture=lol-black-stamp-text-on-blue
Abbreviations

References and Citations

▪Cross-check all the Figure numbers and their referrals to the text. The numbers referred to in
the text and Figure must be matched
▪Do the same for all the table numbers
▪Cross-check all the references, that the cited one and the listed one both are exactly the
same
▪Follow the standard referencing format for the references (as recommended by a publisher)
▪E.g.
▪Journal paper:
▪R. J. Pandya, V. Chandra, and D. Chadha, “Simultaneous Optimization of Power Economy
and Impairment Awareness by Traffic Grooming, Mixed Regeneration, and All-Optical
Wavelength Conversion with an Experimental Demonstration,” IEEE Journal of Lightwave
Technology, vol. 32, no. 24, pp. 4166-4177, Dec. 2014.
▪Conference paper:
▪R. J. Pandya, V. Chandra, and D. Chadha, “Survivability with Impairment Awareness and
Power Cost in Optical Networks,” Proc. International Conference on Fiber Optics and
Photonics, New Delhi, pp. 1-2, Dec. 2018.
References and Citations

Conclusion

▪Brief of your contributions
▪Impactful and collusive points
▪Limitations
▪Review Findings:
▪Summarize key findings from the review.
▪Provide closure by explaining the relevance of the findings.
▪Address the "so what" aspect to emphasize the importance of the review.
▪Implications and Connections:
▪Discuss implications for future research.
▪Establish connections to the current study or broader research context.
▪Emphasize Importance:
▪Stress the significance of contributing valuable insights to the scientific literature.
Conclusion

Acknowledgment

▪Write an acknowledgement about the funding agency
▪Any organization has supported during the survey
▪Any person they helped with any support
▪If the involvement is sizable in that case, you may include as an author
Acknowledgment

Revision before Submission

▪Once the first draft is completed, revise it multiple times
▪Before you share your manuscript with your supervisor or guide, make sure that at least two times
you have revised it on your own
▪During each revision, aim to improve the writing quality by 10-15%
▪The revision process is crucial to arrange your paper in good shape before the final submission
▪Does it line up with your research problem statement?
▪Is there anything forgotten or missing?
▪Is the first draft written clearly? If not, what can we do to improve the clarity?
▪Are there any confusing or ambiguous paragraphs? Look for explanations that could be clearer or
require more evidence or proof
▪Is it too lengthy, too much into a single paper?
▪Can we cut down something and save it for later?
▪Is it too short and does not meet the expected quality and complexity standards? You may have to
do additional work to improve your work's quality, Size, and complexity. It must not look Dull....!
▪Take a careful look at your first draft and find areas for improvement. Be mentally prepared to do
whatever it takes to improve
▪Are you restructuring the initial outline? Even if you followed your original outline, it may be that you now
realize a different structure would work better. Be flexible and restructure the outline if it adds value
▪Cut down all the redundant or irrelevant segments. Avoid repetitions....!
Revision before Submission

▪Prioritize the most significant changes first
▪Once the first draft is evaluated, we can start executing transformations
▪Start with the most significant changes to content and composition; these may have a
knock-on effect on the rest of the items
▪Redrafting might involve:
▪Reorder information
▪Reformulating your arguments to make them clearer or more substantial
▪Presenting information in a different order
▪Cut
▪Add
▪Be flexible, do what's suitable for the paper. Don't feel you have to make too many
changes; it will take a lot of time and effort to overcome all psychological barriers or
pushbacks if you want to publish with high-quality journals or conferences
▪Don't hesitate to restore something back if the new version doesn't work
Revision before Submission

Editing, Proofreading, and Peer reviewing

▪Fix typos and spelling errors
▪Missing words
▪Confused word choices
▪Punctuation errors
▪Missing or excess spaces
▪Capitalization, formatting, referencing
▪Have we used all the terms which we defined, consistently throughout the
paper?
▪All the numbers mentioned in the abstract and conclusion must match
numbers in the text, figures, and tables
▪All the citations must be matched with exact numbering with the reference
list
▪References are properly formatted
▪Check the document formatting, syntax, and grammar
Editing, Proofreading, and Peer reviewing

▪During the editing phase, look at the text closely, resolve grammatical issues,
and ensure clarity
▪Go through each sentence (sentence-by-sentence), resolve the grammar issues
▪Raise the standard of your English using multiple writing AI tools such as
Grammarly, word tune etc.
▪Use the advanced word to describe your work
▪Combine small or primitive sentences into complex ones
▪Cut down the long sentences into the medium ones
▪Clarify technical ambiguities
▪Request your colleagues, supervisor to review and comment on your paper
before submitting to the journal or conference
▪“English is not my Native Language” is not a valid argument for a reviewer
who cannot comprehend
▪Reviewers do not wish to review papers that are not readable
▪Poorly written articles often result in rejection
Editing, Proofreading, and Peer reviewing

Enhancing Written Communication

▪Punctuation Precision:
▪Effective punctuation is crucial for clear communication.
▪Use commas, semi-colons, and other marks with precision.
▪Grammar and Punctuation Consistency:
▪Maintain consistency in grammar and punctuation throughout.
▪Inconsistencies can lead to confusion and misinterpretation.
▪Sentence Structure:
▪Ensure each sentence contains a subject, verb, and object for completeness.
▪Well-structured sentences contribute to coherent paragraphs.
▪Transition Words for Cohesion:
▪Incorporate transition words ('hence,' 'therefore,' 'but,' 'thus,' 'as a result,' 'in
contrast') for seamless paragraph connections.
▪Strengthen the development of ideas and guide the reader through the
argument.
Enhancing Written Communication

Adding Information:
1.Moreover
2.Furthermore
3.Additionally
4.Notwithstanding
5.In addition to
6.Likewise
7.Additionally
8.Equally important
9.Furthermore
10.What's more
Contrasting Ideas:
1.However
2.Nevertheless
3.On the other hand
4.Conversely
5.Nonetheless
6.In contrast
7.Although
8.Yet
9.In spite of
Enhancing Written Communication
Showing Cause and Effect:
1.Consequently
2.Therefore
3.Thus
4.As a result
5.Accordingly
6.Hence
7.For this reason
8.Because of
9.Due to
10.Since
Expressing Similarity:
1.Similarly
2.In the same way
3.Just as
4.Likewise
5.Correspondingly
6.Comparable to
7.In a like manner
8.Along the same lines
9.Equally
Sequencing Ideas:
1.Firstly, secondly, thirdly
2.Next
3.Then
4.Subsequently
5.In the meantime
6.Simultaneously
7.Meanwhile
8.Consequently
9.Finally
10.Ultimately
Summarizing or Concluding:
1.In conclusion
2.To sum up
3.To conclude
4.Overall
5.In summary
6.In brief
7.Ultimately
8.Consequently
9.To reiterate
Emphasizing a Point:
1.Indeed
2.Certainly
3.Undoubtedly
4.Without a doubt
5.Clearly
6.Specifically
7.In particular
8.Notably
9.In fact
10.Absolutely
Illustrating or Giving
Examples:
1.For example
2.For instance
3.Specifically
4.To illustrate
5.Such as
6.Namely
7.In particular
8.In other words

Introduction to Deep Learning: Deep learning, additionally, represents a
paradigm shift in artificial intelligence. Unlike traditional machine learning methods,
deep learning employs neural networks with multiple layers, allowing for the
automatic extraction of hierarchical representations from data. This capacity to
discern intricate patterns and relationships has led to breakthroughs in diverse
domains, including image and speech recognition. Moreover, it has found
applications in natural language processing. Furthermore, the ever-expanding
applications of deep learning underscore its transformative impact on the
technological landscape.
A sample paragraph with transitions

193
Ethical Considerations in Deep Learning: As deep learning technologies
continue to permeate various aspects of society, ethical considerations become
increasingly paramount. The potential for bias in algorithms, coupled with privacy
concerns and the risk of AI technology misuse, demands meticulous scrutiny.
Consequently, researchers and practitioners alike must prioritize the development
of fair and transparent deep learning models. These efforts are essential to mitigate
unintended consequences and ensure the responsible use of these powerful tools
in a manner that aligns with ethical standards.
A sample paragraph with transitions

Exploring the dynamic landscape of deep learning reveals its multifaceted
dimensions and continual advancements. Moreover, as researchers navigate this
intricate field, they encounter pivotal contributions that shape its trajectory.
Furthermore, delving into the seminal works of LeCun, Bengio, and Hinton (2015)
unravels the foundational concepts that underpin deep learning, particularly through
the introduction of convolutional neural networks (CNNs). In addition, Silver et al.
(2017) further expanded the horizon by demonstrating the integration of deep
learning into artificial intelligence, showcasing its prowess in mastering complex
games such as Go.
A sample paragraph with transitions

In addition to these groundbreaking achievements, He et al. (2016) introduced
residual networks (ResNets), marking a paradigm shift in addressing the challenge
of vanishing gradients. This innovation revolutionized the training of deep neural
networks, opening new avenues for exploration. Furthermore, the evolution of
deep learning extended its reach to natural language processing, with Vaswani et
al. (2017) contributing significantly through the development of transformer models.
However, amid these remarkable advancements, concerns regarding the
vulnerability of deep learning models to adversarial attacks have been raised, as
articulated by Carlini and Wagner (2017). In addition to the contrasting views within
the deep learning community, the ongoing debate necessitates further exploration
and refinement of this transformative technology.
A sample paragraph with transitions

▪Recent Advances:
▪Recent studies by Garcia and Rodriguez showcase advancements in the
understanding of...
▪Pioneering Contributions:
▪The foundational work of Smith and Johnson laid the groundwork for...
▪Comparative Analysis:
▪In their comparative study, Chen and Li evaluated different approaches to...
▪Exploration of Algorithms:
▪Building on the algorithmic research of Kim and Park, further investigations by Lee et
al. delve into...
▪Methodological Innovations:
▪Methodological innovations introduced by Thompson et al. significantly impact the
way...
Sample Language for Summary and Synthesis

▪Contrasting Perspectives:
▪Contrasting the perspectives of Baker and Mason, recent research by Cooper et al.
challenges traditional views on...
▪Extended Investigations:
▪Extending the investigations initiated by Brown and White, the recent work of Miller et al.
addresses...
▪In-depth Examination:
▪An in-depth examination of the phenomenon by Patel and Kumar sheds light on...
▪Integration of Findings:
▪Integrating the findings of multiple studies, the meta-analysis conducted by Taylor and
Williams reveals...
▪Emerging Trends:
▪Addressing emerging trends in the field, studies by Yang and Zhao offer insights into.
Sample Language for Summary and Synthesis

In the realm of machine learning, ensemble methods and deep learning architectures
stand out as key paradigms (Dietterich, 2000; LeCun et al., 2015). Ensemble methods,
like Random Forests, combine multiple models to enhance predictive performance.
Concurrently, deep learning, exemplified by neural networks, leverages intricate layered
architectures to learn hierarchical representations of data. Both approaches contribute
significantly to advancing the capabilities of machine learning algorithms in handling complex
tasks and large datasets.
In the field of deep learning, researchers have explored diverse architectures to optimize
model performance (Hinton et al., 2012; Szegedy et al., 2015). For instance, the introduction
of residual neural networks (ResNets) by He et al. addressed challenges in training deep
networks by incorporating skip connections. Moreover, advancements like the transformer
model, introduced by Vaswani et al., revolutionized natural language processing tasks by
leveraging self-attention mechanisms. These innovations underline the ongoing pursuit of
refining deep learning frameworks for improved efficiency and broader application domains.
Example: Summary and Synthesis

▪Relationship Between Studies:
▪Explore the interconnections among various studies.
▪Identify novel, divergent, or controversial perspectives.
▪Areas for Further Testing:
▪Determine views that require additional investigation.
▪Highlight aspects in need of further empirical validation.
▪Lack of Evidence:
▪Examine gaps, inconclusive findings, contradictions, or limited evidence.
▪Identify areas where research may be insufficient.
▪Unsatisfactory Designs or Methods:
▪Evaluate the adequacy of research designs and methodologies.
▪Identify shortcomings that may impact the credibility of the work.
Comparison and Critique

▪While Smith and Wang's approach to natural language processing exhibits
innovation, it falls short in addressing the ethical implications, a gap also noted by
Johnson and Li in their analysis of AI applications. The advancements in
reinforcement learning, as highlighted by Miller et al., showcase promising
outcomes, yet the study lacks a comprehensive exploration of potential biases, as
emphasized by Rodriguez and Kim in their critical review.
▪In examining the works of Chen and Zhang on deep learning architectures, their
innovative approach in neural network design is commendable. However, their
reliance on a limited dataset raises concerns about the generalizability of their
findings, echoing the reservations expressed by Liu and Park in their recent meta-
analysis. While Wu et al. present a comprehensive review of deep learning
applications in image recognition, the omission of a comparative analysis with
traditional methods, as pointed out by Gupta and Lee, leaves room for further
exploration and validation.
Sample Language for Comparison and Critique

▪In exploring the literary contributions of Maya Angelou, responses from critics
often vary, reflecting a range of perspectives. Some scholars express admiration
for Angelou's powerful and transformative prose, emphasizing its ability to
challenge societal norms and conventions (Smith 2005, 112-130). Conversely,
a few critics argue that Angelou's work lacks the depth and complexity found in
more traditional literary forms (Jones 2008, 75; Brown 2010, 91-98). The
contrasting viewpoints contribute to an ongoing discourse about the significance
and impact of Angelou's literary legacy.
Example: Comparison and Critique

▪Comprehensive
▪Insightful
▪Innovative
▪Convincing
▪Limited
▪Inconclusive
▪Groundbreaking
▪Repetitive
▪Thorough
▪Contradictory
▪Innovative Deep Learning Applications: The application of deep learning in healthcare has been
nothing short of groundbreaking. The comprehensive utilization of neural networks, combined
with vast datasets, has led to innovative diagnostic tools and treatment strategies. This pioneering
approach not only enhances the accuracy of disease predictions but also revolutionizes
personalized healthcare. However, it's crucial to note that the implementation of these innovations
may be limited by ethical considerations, requiring a thorough examination of potential
consequences.
Evaluative Adjectives
▪Inadequate
▪Prominent
▪Unsatisfactory
▪Persuasive
▪Pioneering
▪Controversial
▪Original
▪Intriguing
▪Superficial
▪Profound

▪Maintain Professional Language:
▪Ensure your language maintains a professional and academic tone.
▪Steer clear of cheekiness or emotional appeals that may compromise the
credibility of your work.
▪Limit Quotations:
▪Use quotations sparingly, reserving them for elements requiring precision.
▪In accordance with guidelines, limit quotes to one or two at most per section, as
recommended by experts like Dr. Fox.
▪Ensure Fluency and Cohesiveness:
▪Avoid presenting your literature review as a mere list of facts.
▪Incorporate transitions to enhance fluency, and ensure the review develops
cohesively, forming a unified narrative.
▪Utilize Transitions Effectively:
▪Transitions are crucial for developing fluency in your literature review.
▪Avoid relying solely on APA headings; instead, use transitions to articulate
connections between different sections of the literature.
Drafting Process: Pitfalls to Avoid

Plagiarism and Similarity Index

▪Bring the plagiarism or similarity index below 10%
▪Turn it in (Plagiarism checkers)
▪Copyright infringements on images
▪Request a publisher to issue a written license or pay for images reuse charge if they
are already published
▪Draw your own images, read existing content and rewrite in your own words, cite
the referred one
▪Consequences of plagiarised content:
▪Negative image
▪Paper may get rejected in the sanity check round (will not enter a review process)
▪If it is found repeatedly, a publisher may impose a penalty or ban authors from
uploading the papers
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ME_109_Thief.png
Nina Paley, CC BY-SA 3.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0>, via Wikimedia Commons
Plagiarism and Similarity Index

Sources of Help

▪Professors
▪Other scholars
▪Social media research groups
▪Q&A portal online where you can
post your queries
▪Writing Tutors
▪Content Tutors
▪Models Research Papers
▪Motivational sources: get the habit of reading the profile of other researchers
▪Subscribe to the google scholar’s alert for the relevant researchers
▪Research gate follow the relevant researchers and their updates
https://pixabay.com/illustrations/help-information-problem-solution-1013700/
Sources of Help

Navigating Journal Submission:
A Step-by-Step Guide

▪Review Journal Aims and Scope:
▪Before initiating the writing process, thoroughly review the aims and scope of the target journal.
▪Ensure a clear understanding of the types of articles accepted, considering that not all journals
may welcome review articles.
▪Align with Journal Requirements:
▪Tailor your writing to align with the specific requirements outlined by the chosen journal.
▪Adhere to any guidelines or preferences related to formatting, length, and content.
▪Verify Acceptance of Review Articles:
▪Confirm whether the selected journal accepts review articles, as preferences may vary.
▪Prioritize journals that explicitly welcome and publish the type of article you are preparing.
▪Comply with Submission Guidelines:
▪Familiarize yourself with the submission guidelines provided by the journal.
▪Ensure strict adherence to formatting, citation, and referencing requirements to enhance the
chances of successful submission.
▪Engage with Previous Publications:
▪Familiarize yourself with previous articles published by the journal.
▪Ensure that your submission complements and extends the existing body of work featured in
the journal.
Navigating Journal Submission: A Step-by-Step Guide

▪Approaching Reviewer Comments:
▪Approach reviewer comments with an open and constructive mindset.
▪Professionally address each comment, maintaining a respectful tone even
when there are disagreements.
▪Handling Revisions:
▪Provide clear and thorough responses to each reviewer comment.
▪Clearly outline the changes made and offer additional clarifications or
elaborations when needed.
▪Resubmitting the Manuscript:
▪Ensure all revisions are meticulously completed before resubmission.
▪Prepare a comprehensive cover letter detailing how you've addressed the
reviewers' comments.
Revision and Responses to the Reviewers

▪If your paper is rejected, do not lose heart….! It is a part of the publication process
▪Mostly first attempt at the paper results in rejection for most of the researchers
▪Carefully analyse the reviewers' comments and the reason for the rejection
▪Revise your paper addressing reviewers' comments that will enhance the paper
quality
▪Also, take a careful and proactive look at your own to check if anything is missing,
enhance the paper quality by adding new items to strengthen your manuscript
▪Upload to the new journal
▪If reviewers have not given any comments, try it in the other journal
https://pixabay.com/illustrations/rejected-stamp-denied-rejection-5250678/
Rejection?

Promoting and Disseminating

https://blogs.biomedcentral.com/bmcblog/2017/10/18/10-tips-for-promoting-your-research-online/, https://www.editage.com/insights/how-to-build-your-own-personal-audience-for-your-research-paper
▪Social Media Engagement:
▪Utilize academic platforms such as ResearchGate,
Academia.edu, or LinkedIn to share your review.
▪Actively participate in discussions and forums
relevant to your review's topic.
▪Collaboration Strategies:
▪Collaborate with fellow researchers or organizations
to enhance the promotion of your review.
▪Explore opportunities for co-authoring articles or
contributing guest posts to related blogs or
websites.
▪Media Outreach:
▪Work in tandem with your institution's media team to
create press releases highlighting your review.
▪Leverage media channels.
Promoting and Disseminating and Maximizing Reach

▪Citation Tracking:
▪Utilize tools such as Google Scholar, Web of Science, or Scopus to track
citations.
▪Regularly check your review's impact and citations to assess its influence.
▪Altmetrics:
▪Consider employing altmetrics to track the review's online engagement,
including social media mentions and blog posts.
▪Monitor how your review is being discussed and shared on digital platforms.
▪Building Reputation:
▪Engage in academic and professional discussions related to your review's topic.
▪Present your review findings at conferences and symposiums to reach wider
audiences.
Maximizing Research Impact

https://www.ardaconference.com/blog/how-to-publish-research-paper-in-journal/
▪Celebrating Success:
▪Take pride in contributing to the research field through a comprehensive
review.
▪Recognize the effort invested in crafting a high-quality review paper.
▪Continuous Learning:
▪Acknowledge that research and literature are continually evolving.
▪Stay updated with the latest research in your field and revisit your review
periodically to incorporate new findings.
▪Inspiring Others:
▪Encourage fellow researchers to delve into review paper writing.
▪Share your experience and expertise to support aspiring authors in their
academic journeys.
Final Thoughts

Thank you

Writing Review Articles? | Prof. Rahul Pandya (IIT Dharwad)

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Writing Review Articles? | Prof. Rahul Pandya (IIT Dharwad)

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