X rays in ent

X rays in ENT. For undergraduate teaching purpose.

1. Dr. Juveria Majeed , MS ENT

2. How to Read an X Ray?? Plain Xray or Contrast? Which part? What is the view? Findings? Provisional Diagnosis? Management of the condition?

3. Xray Mastoids

4. Plain xray mastoids rt and left. Schullers view Showing cellularity of mastoid air cells on rt and sclerosis on left. Ch. Left mastoiditis Mastoid exploration.

5. Why do you take X ray mastoids? What are the advantages of taking X ray mastoids? What are the views for temporal bone? Which is the common view for mastoids? W hat are the various types of mastoids? What is mastoiditis? Coalescent mastoiditis? How do you manage it? Advantages of CT Mastoids over xrays ? FAQs

6. X Ray Para Nasal Sinus

7. Plain X ray Para nasal sinuses Waters view showing haziness in the left maxillary sinusitis .

8. What are the views for PNS? What is the view with open mouth? Open mouth is for what? What is the other name for waters view ? What is the other view to see frontal sinusitis? Air fluid level is seen in _____ sinusitis where as complete haziness is seen in chronic sinusitis. What is the treatment for acute sinusitis? What is the treatment for chronic sinusitis ? Destruction of the walls of the sinuses is seen in 1. 2. FAQs

9. X Ray Nasal Bones

10. Plain X ray Skull Lateral View R and L showing fracture. Diagnosis : # Nasal Bones . Treatment : Correction under GA.

11. Classify fractures of the face? What are symptoms and signs of fracture nasal bones ? Lateral view Rt and Lt. why? Wha t are the complications of # ? What is open book fracture? What is closed and open reduction? FAQs

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13. Plain X Ray Skull Lateral View Showing soft tissue shadow in the roof and posterior wall of nasopharynx. For Adenoid hypertrophy Occluding the airway Ch. Adenoiditis

14. What are the symptoms of Acute and Chronic Adenoiditis? What is adenoid facies? How do you manage Chronic Adenoiditis? What is crescent sign? How AC polyp/ masses/tumors of nasopharynx differentiated from adenoid hypertrophy? Management of adenoid hypertrophy? FAQs

15. Fig 1 Fig 2

16. Fig 1 Plain X Ray neck , chest and abdomen AP view. Showing a round radio opaque foreign body in the esophagus. Probably a coin. Fig 2 Plain X Ray neck Lateral view. Showing edge on view in lateral view suggesting of FB in oesophagus (in contrast to FB trachea) Foreign Body Oesophagus (Coin)

17. Foreign Body Trachea

18. How to differentiate FBs of oesophagus from trachea? What are the common FBs in the food passages ? Complications of FBs? How it is managed? Management of FBs in air passages ? Indications of O’scopy and Bronchoscopy Complications of O’scopy and Bronchoscopy? FAQs

19. Achalasia Cardia Contrast X ray showing narrowed distal end of oesophagus ( bird beak appearance) Proximal dilated part above.

20. Ca. Oesophagus Contrast X ray –Barium swallow. Showing Irregular filling defects in the middle 1/3 rd of the oesophagus .

21. THANK YOU!!!