Yellow stem borer by mureed abbas(scirpophaga incertulas)

Yellow stem borer is notorious pest of Rice

1. Rice yellow stem borer Presented to: Dr’M.Kamran Presented by: Mureed Abbas Roll no. BAGF09M 138 Sec. ”A” Semester: 4 th University college of Agriculture University of Sargodha, Sargodha

2. Intro. Technical name: Scirpophaga incertulas Family: Pyralidae Order: lepidoptera

3. Distribution Yellow stem borer is common in Southeast Asia, China, India, and Afghanistan.

4. Metamorphosis(46 days)

5. Eggs The eggs of the yellow stem borers are laid near the tip of the leaf blade. Eggs are white in color; they are oval, flattened,.

6. Continue……. The eggs, which hatch in 8 days, are laid in oval masses of 50-200 eggs e and covered with brownish anal hairs of the female moth .

7. Larva The body of the larva is cream colored and the head  is reddish brown.

8. PUPA The pupa is yellowish white with a tinge of green. It turns dark brown just before adult emergence. The pupal stage takes place inside the stem, and often below the soil surface.

9. Female v/s Male The female YSB moth has a pair of black spots at the middle of each whitish, light brown to yellowish forewing. It has a wingspan of 24-36 mm. Its abdomen is wide with tufts of yellowish hairs all over. The male, gray or light brown in color, is smaller and has two rows of black spots at the tip of the forewings. It has a wingspan of about 20-30 mm. Its abdomen is slender toward its anal end and is covered with thin hairs dorsally

10. Host plants Yellow stem borer feeds only on rice plants, while other species feed on barley, sorghum, maize, wheat, and grasses

11. Why and where it occurs ???? Yello rice stem borer is..... pest of deepwater rice. found in aquatic environments continuous flooding. High nitrogenous field favors population buildup of the stem borers. Fields planted later favors more damage by the insect pest that have built up in fields that have been planted earlier. Stubble that remains in the field can harbor stem borer larvae and or pupae.

12. Mechanism of damage Stemborers feed on the crop during the vegetative and reproductive stages of the rice plant. Excessive boring through the sheath can destroy the crop . Second instar larvae enclose themselves in body leaf wrappings to make tubes and detach themselves from the leaf and falls onto the water surface. They attach themselves to the tiller and bore into the stem .

13. Symptoms . Drying of the center tiller Deadhearts or dead tiller that can be easily pulled from the base during the vegetative stages Whiteheads during reproductive stage where the emerging panicles are whitish and unfilled or empty Tiny holes on the stems and tillers Frass or fecal matters inside the damaged stems

14. Confirmation The young rice crop can be visually inspected for deadhearts in the vegetative stages and whiteheads in reproductive stages. Stems can be pulled and dissected for larvae and pupae for confirmation of stem borer damage.

15. Control

16. Cultural practices: Clipping leaf tips at the time of transplantation to avoid egg masses. Destroy them at pupal stages. By installing pheromone traps spray 5% Neem seed kernel suspension to ward off egg laying adults. Trichogramma will control the pest naturally. Release these egg parasites @ 20000 per acre twice or thrice depending on pest incidence. Cultivation fo resistant varieties

17. Chemical control Carbofuran @ 8-10 kg/Acre Cartap

18. . Thanks 4 Patience