Zingiberaceae

family 2nd prof

1. ZINGIBERACEAE

2. It is a family of flowering plants consisting of
aromatic perennial herbs with creeping
horizontal or tuberous rhizomes
comprising of 52 genera and more than 1300
species.
HABIT:
Plants are perennial herbs with creeping
horizontal or tuberous rhizomes and
thickened roots which usually contain
secretion sacs which have volatile oil.

3. HABITAT:
It is widely distributed throughout
tropical Africa, Asia, and the
Americas

4. STEM:
Frequently have sympodial (forked) fleshy
rhizomes (underground stems).
.
LEAVES:
Leaves are either radical or alternate,
simple, elliptical, Pinnately veined or parallel
veined.
The petiole generally form a sheath. The leaf
sheaths are folded tightly around each other

5. so as to give the appearance of a stem
INFLORESCENCE :
Raceme or spike or may be solitary
FLOWER:
Trimerous , Epigenous, Hermaphrodite,
Zygomorphic
COROLLA:
3 petals, elongated often fused below
and superior

6. CALYX:
3 sepals, small green superior often
united.
ANDROCEIUM:
6 stamens, abortive and petaloid only 1 is
functional
GYNAECIUM:
Tricarpillary, syncarpous, trilocular may
be unilocular with parietal placentation and
terminal style inferior.

8. FRUIT:
A capsule

9. CURCUMA

10.  BOTANICAL ORIGION: Curcuma longa
Common Name: Curcuma, turmeric, Haldi,
Yellow root
Part used: Dried Rhizome
Habit: Perennial herb
Habitat: Native to Southern Asia cultivated in
India, China, Indonesia.
Constituents:
Contains volatile oil 5% , a crystalline
colouring matter; Curcumin I along with small
amount of

11. Curcumin II
Curcumin III
Resin
Volatile oil is composed of
Cineole
Borneol
Phellandrene
Sabinene along with other constituents
like turmerone, arabinose, fructose,
glucose.

12. MEDICINAL USES
Analgesic
Carminative
Antispasmodic
Antioxidant
Anti inflammatory
Curcumin has a protective effect on liver tissue
exposed to liver damaging drugs
Its antibacterial action prevents the bacterial
wound infections thus helps in wound
healing.

13. GINGER

14.  BOTANICAL ORIGION: Zingiber officinale
Common Name: Zingiber, Ginger root or
rhizome.
Part used: Dried Rhizome or roots
Habit: Perennial herb
Habitat: Native to Southern Asia cultivated
tropical countries like India, China, Japan, West
indies.
Constituents:
Contains volatile oil 1-2% , pungent
resinous mass and starch.

15. Oleoresin is reponsible for the aromatic
odour and pungency consisting of 2
ketones, zingerone and shogaol.
The principle constituents of volatile oil are 3
sesquiterpenes that is zingiberene,
zingiberol and bisabolene

16. MEDICINAL USES
Carminative
Antispasmodic
Antioxidant
Antiseptic
As condiment
stimulant