02. Tatap Muka 2.pptx Materi Pertemuan k

Materi Maksi S2 AKuntansi Keuangan

1. Matrikulasi Akuntansi Keuangan TM 2 – Laporan Keuangan oleh: Shinta Widyastuti, SE, Ak, M.Acc , CA Matrikulasi Akuntansi Keuangan

2. 01 Standar akuntansi keuangan & Kerangka Konseptual Apakah Saja Jenis Laporan Keuangan ? Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta

3. ASSUMPTIONS Economic entity Going concern Monetary unit Periodicity Accrual PRINCIPLES Measurement Revenue recognition Expense recognition Full disclosure CONSTRAINTS Cost OBJECTIVE Provide information about the reporting entity that is useful to present and potential equity investors, lenders, and other creditors in their capacity as capital providers. ELEMENTS Assets Liabilities Equity Income Expenses ILLUSTRATION 2.7 Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting First level The "why"—purpose of accounting Second level Bridge between levels 1 and 3 Third level The "how"— implementation QUALITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS Fundamental qualities Enhancing qualities

4. Intermediate Components Companies generally present some or all of these sections and totals within the income statement. Income Statement Sales or Revenue Cost of Goods Sold Gross Profit Selling Expenses Administrative or General Expenses Other Income and Expense Income from Operations Financing costs Income before Income Tax Income Tax Income from Continuing Operations Discontinued Operations Net Income Non-Controlling Interest Earnings Per Share

5. ILLUSTRATION 4.2 Income Statement Includes all of the major items in previous list, except for discontinued operations. Format of the Income Statement 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10

6. A significant business indicator. Measures the dollars earned by each ordinary share. Must be disclosed on the face of the income statement. Net Income - Preferred Dividends Weighted Average of Ordinary Shares Outstanding Earnings per Share LO 3 Reporting Various Income Items

7. Illustration: Lancer, Inc. reports net income of $350,000. It declares and pays preferred dividends of $50,000 for the year. The weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year is 100,000 shares. Lancer computes earnings per share as follows: Earnings per Share - $50,000 $350,000 100,000 = $3.00 per share Net Income - Preferred Dividends Weighted Average of Ordinary Shares Outstanding ILLUSTRATION 4.9 LO 3

8. A company that reports a discontinued operation must report per share amounts for the line item either on the face of the income statement or in the notes to the financial statements. ILLUSTRATION 4.11 Discontinued Operations

9. EPS Divide by weighted-average shares outstanding ILLUSTRATION 4.11 Income Statement Earnings per Share LO 3

10. Illustration: Schindler AG has income before income tax of €250,000. It has a gain of €100,000 from a discontinued operation. Assuming a 30 percent income tax rate, Schindler presents the following information on the income statement. Discontinued Operations (Gain) ILLUSTRATION 4.12 Intraperiod Tax Allocation LO 3

11. Illustration: Schindler AG has income before income tax of €250,000. It has a loss of €100,000 from a discontinued operation. Assuming a 30 percent income tax rate, Schindler presents the following information on the income statement. Discontinued Operations (Loss) Intraperiod Tax Allocation LO 3 ILLUSTRATION 4.13

12. Companies may also report the tax effect of a discontinued item by means of a note disclosure. Discontinued Operations (Loss) ILLUSTRATION 4.14 LO 3 Intraperiod Tax Allocation

13. Allocation to Non-Controlling Interest When a company prepares a consolidated income statement, IFRS requires that net income be allocated to the controlling and non-controlling interest. This allocation is reported at the bottom of the income statement, after net income. (amounts given) ILLUSTRATION 4.15 Presentation of Non-Controlling Interest LO 3 Reporting Various Income Items

14. € 800,000 100,000 120,000 90,000 - 220,000 - 500,000 200,000 BE4-3: Presented below is some financial information related to Volaire Group. Compute the following: Revenues € 800,000 Income from continuing operations 100,000 Comprehensive income 120,000 Net income 90,000 Income from operations 220,000 Selling and administrative expenses 500,000 Income before income tax 200,000 Other Income and Expense € 80,000 LO 3 Reporting Various Income Items

15. € 800,000 100,000 120,000 90,000 220,000 500,000 - 200,000 € 20,000 Revenues € 800,000 Income from continuing operations 100,000 Comprehensive income 120,000 Net income 90,000 Income from operations 220,000 Selling and administrative expenses 500,000 Income before income tax 200,000 Financing Costs BE4-3: Presented below is some financial information related to Volaire Group. Compute the following: LO 3 Reporting Various Income Items

16. € 100,000 € 800,000 - 100,000 120,000 90,000 220,000 500,000 200,000 Revenues € 800,000 Income from continuing operations 100,000 Comprehensive income 120,000 Net income 90,000 Income from operations 220,000 Selling and administrative expenses 500,000 Income before income tax 200,000 Income Tax BE4-3: Presented below is some financial information related to Volaire Group. Compute the following: LO 3 Reporting Various Income Items

17. - € 10,000 € 800,000 100,000 120,000 - 90,000 220,000 500,000 200,000 Revenues € 800,000 Income from continuing operations 100,000 Comprehensive income 120,000 Net income 90,000 Income from operations 220,000 Selling and administrative expenses 500,000 Income before income tax 200,000 Discontinued Operations BE4-3: Presented below is some financial information related to Volaire Group. Compute the following: LO 3 Reporting Various Income Items

18. € 30,000 € 800,000 100,000 120,000 - 90,000 220,000 500,000 200,000 Revenues € 800,000 Income from continuing operations 100,000 Comprehensive income 120,000 Net income 90,000 Income from operations 220,000 Selling and administrative expenses 500,000 Income before income tax 200,000 Other Comprehensive Income BE4-3: Presented below is some financial information related to Volaire Group. Compute the following: LO 3 Reporting Various Income Items

19. Restrictions on Retained Earnings Disclosed In notes to the financial statements. As Appropriated Retained Earnings . Retained Earnings Statement LO 5

20. Semua perubahan ekuitas selama suatu periode kecuali yang dihasilkan dari investasi oleh pemilik dan distribusi kepada pemilik . Meliputi : semua pendapatan dan keuntungan , beban dan kerugian yang dilaporkan dalam laba neto , serta semua keuntungan dan kerugian yang tidak diakui dalam laba neto , tetapi mempengaruhi ekuitas . Comprehensive Income LO 5 Related Equity Statements

21. Other Comprehensive Income Unrealized gains and losses on non-trading equity securities. Translation gains and losses on foreign currency. Plus others + Reported in Equity Net Income Comprehensive Income LO 5

22. Companies must display the components of other comprehensive income in one of two ways: A single continuous statement (one statement approach) or two separate, but consecutive statements of net income and other comprehensive income (two statement approach). Comprehensive Income LO 5

23. One Statement Approach Comprehensive Income Advantage – does not require the creation of a new financial statement. Disadvantage - net income buried as a subtotal on the statement. ILLUSTRATION 4.21 One Statement Format: Comprehensive Income LO 5

24. Illustration 4-19 Two Statement Approach Comprehensive Income ILLUSTRATION 4.22 Two Statement Format: Comprehensive Income

25. 02 Apakah Laporan Perubahan Modal ( Statement of Changes in Equity ) ? Terdiri dari apa saja komponen Laporan Perubahan Modal ( Statement of Changes in Equity) ? Laporan Laba Rugi & Penghasilan Komprehensif lain, Laporan Perubahan Ekuitas , Laporan Posisi Keuangan dan Arus Kas Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta

26. Statement of Changes in Equity Required , in addition to a statement of comprehensive income. Generally comprised of Share capital—ordinary, Share premium—ordinary, Retained earnings, and the Accumulated balances in other comprehensive income. LO 5 Related Equity Statements

27. Reports the change in each equity account and in total equity for the period. Includes the following: Accumulated comprehensive income for the period. Contributions (issuances of shares) and distributions (dividends) to owners. Reconciliation of the carrying amount of each component of equity from the beginning to the end of the period. Statement of Changes in Equity LO 5

28. Statement of Changes in Equity ILLUSTRATION 4.23 Statement of Changes in Equity LO 5

29. Regardless of the display format used, V. Gill reports the accumulated other comprehensive income of €90,000 in the equity section of the statement of financial position as follows. Statement of Changes in Equity ILLUSTRATION 4.24 Presentation of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in the Statement of Financial Position LO 5

30. 02 Apakah Laporan Posisi Keuangan (Statement of Financial Statement)? Komponen Laporan Posisi Keuangan Laporan Laba Rugi & Penghasilan Komprehensif lain, Laporan Perubahan Ekuitas , Laporan Posisi Keuangan dan Arus Kas Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta

31. LO 1 Statement of financial position , also referred to as the balance sheet : Reports assets, liabilities, and equity at a specific date. Provides information about resources, obligations to creditors, and equity in net resources. Helps in predicting amounts, timing, and uncertainty of future cash flows. Statement of Financial Position LEARNING OBJECTIVE 1 Explain the uses, limitations, and content of the statement of financial position.

32. Computing rates of return. Evaluating the capital structure. Assess risk and future cash flows. Assess the company’s: Liquidity, Solvency, and Financial flexibility. Usefulness Statement of Financial Position

33. Most assets and liabilities are reported at historical cost . Use of judgments and estimates . Many items of financial value are omitted . Limitations Statement of Financial Position

34. LO 1 LIABILITY EQUITY Elements of the Statement of Financial Position Classification Resource controlled by the entity. Result of past events. Future economic benefits are expected to flow to the entity. ASSET

35. EQUITY Elements of the Statement of Financial Position Present obligation of the entity. Arising from past events. Settlement is expected to result in an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits. ASSET LIABILITY Classification

36. LIABILITY Elements of the Statement of Financial Position Residual interest in the assets of the entity after deducting all its liabilities. ASSET EQUITY Classification

37. LO 1

38. Non-Current Assets Classification Generally consists of: Long-Term Investments Property, Plant, and Equipment Intangibles Assets Other Assets

39. Long-term Investments Securities (bonds, ordinary shares, or long-term notes). Tangible assets not currently used in operations (land held for speculation). Special funds (sinking fund, pension fund, or plant expansion fund). Non-consolidated subsidiaries or associated companies. Classification

40. LO 1 Investments in Debt and Equity Securities Classification Current or Non-current Debt or Equity Current or Non-current Classification Portfolio Type Held-for-Collection Amortized Cost Trading Fair Value Fair Value Valuation Non-Trading Equity Current Equity Amortized Cost Debt

41. LO 1

42. LO 1 Tangible long-lived assets used in the regular operations of the business. Physical property such as land, buildings, machinery, furniture, tools, and wasting resources (minerals). With the exception of land, a company either depreciates (e.g., buildings) or depletes (e.g., oil reserves) these assets. Property, Plant, and Equipment Classification

43. LO 1

44. LO 1 Lack physical substance and are not financial instruments . Patents, copyrights, franchises, goodwill, trademarks, trade names, and customer lists. Amortize limited-life intangible assets over their useful lives. Periodically assess indefinite-life intangibles for impairment. Intangible Assets Classification

45. LO 1

46. LO 1 Items vary in practice. Can include: Long-term prepaid expenses Non-current receivables Assets in special funds Property held for sale Restricted cash or securities Other Assets Classification

47. LO 1 Cash and other assets a company expects to convert into cash , sell , or consume either in one year or in the operating cycle, whichever is longer. Current Assets ILLUSTRATION 5.5 Current Assets and Basis of Valuation Classification

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64. LO 1 IFRS does not specify the order or format of the items in the statement.  inline with PSAK 1 Two general forms : Account form (T form) Assets on left side Equity and liabilities on right side Report form Statement of Financial Position LEARNING OBJECTIVE 2 Prepare a classified statement of financial position.

65. LO 1

66. 02 Apakah Laporan Arus Kas(Statement of Cash Flow)? Komponen Laporan Arus Kas? Laporan Laba Rugi & Penghasilan Komprehensif lain, Laporan Perubahan Ekuitas , Laporan Posisi Keuangan dan Arus Kas Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta

67. LO 1 An important element of the objective of financial reporting is “assessing the amounts, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows.” IASB requires the statement of cash flows (also called the cash flow statement). Statement of Cash Flows LEARNING OBJECTIVE 3 Explain the purpose, content, and preparation of the statement of cash flows.

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72. LO 1 PSAK 2 par 18 SAK INSIGHT (18) Entitas melaporkan arus kas dari aktivitas operasi dengan menggunakan salah satu dari metode berikut : Metode langsung , dengan metode ini kelompok utama dari penerimaan kas bruto dan pembayaran kas bruto diungngkapkan ; atau Metode tidak langsung , dengan metode ini laba atau rugi bersih disesuaikan dengan mengoreksi pengaruh transaksi yang bersifat non kas, penangguhan , atau akrual dari penerimaan atau pembayaran kas untuk operasi di masa lalu atau masa depan , dan pos penghasilan atau beban yang berhubungan dengan arus kas investasi atau pendanaan .

73. LO 1 Indirect Method

74. LO 1 Direct Method ILLUSTRATION 23-26 Operating Activities Section—Direct Method, 2016

75. LO 1 PSAK 2 par 19 SAK INSIGHT

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78. LO 1 Preparing the Statement of Cash Flows Determine: Net cash provided by (or used in) operating activities. Net cash provided by (or used in) investing and financing activities. Determine the change (increase or decrease) in cash during the period. Reconcile the change in cash with the beginning and the ending cash balances. Preparation of Statement of Cash Flows

79. LO 1 Net cash provided by operating activities Excess of cash receipts over cash payments from operating activities. Determined by converting net income on an accrual basis to a cash basis. Add to or deduct from net income those items in the income statement that do not affect cash. Requires an analysis of the current year’s income statement, comparative statements of financial position and selected transaction data. Preparing the Statement of Cash Flows

80. Cash provided by operating activities ILLUSTRATION 5.22 ILLUSTRATION 5.20 Increase in accounts receivable reflects a non-cash increase of $41,000 in revenues. LO 3

81. ILLUSTRATION 5.20 Cash provided by operating activities ILLUSTRATION 5.22 Increase in accounts payable reflects a non-cash increase of $12,000 in expenses. LO 3

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83. ILLUSTRATION 5.23 Purchased land for $15,000 (Investing) Investing and Financing Activities LO 3

84. Issued ordinary shares for $50,000 (Financing) Investing and Financing Activities LO 3 ILLUSTRATION 5.23

85. ILLUSTRATION 5.23 Paid $14,000 in dividends (Financing) Investing and Financing Activities LO 3

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87. BE 5-12 Net income of $40,000 LO 3

88. BE 5-12 Dividends paid $5,000 LO 3

89. BE 5-12 Increase in accounts receivable of $10,000 LO 3

90. BE 5-12 Purchase equipment for $8,000 LO 3

91. BE 5-12 Increase in accounts payable of $7,000 LO 3

92. BE 5-12 Proceeds from notes payable of $20,000 LO 3

93. BE 5-12 Depreciation expense of $4,000 LO 3

94. BE 5-12 LO 3

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