04-04_muscular_system.ppt okay okay let's probably must be a system bus

Well prepared a

1. The
muscular
system

2. functionSfunctionS
•Supports the Supports the
skeletonskeleton
•Aids in Aids in
movementmovement
•Controls vital Controls vital
processes processes
(breathing, (breathing,
heartbeatheartbeat

3. 3 Different Muscle Types:3 Different Muscle Types:
•(1) Skeletal Muscle(1) Skeletal Muscle
–Attaches to and moves bonesAttaches to and moves bones
–Striated (striped) – alternating light and Striated (striped) – alternating light and
dark bandsdark bands
–Multiple nuclei in each cellMultiple nuclei in each cell
–Under brain’s conscious controlUnder brain’s conscious control
•Example: biceps, tricepsExample: biceps, triceps

4. •(2) Smooth muscle(2) Smooth muscle
–Spindle-shaped cellsSpindle-shaped cells
–One nucleus per cellOne nucleus per cell
–No striationsNo striations
–Controls breathing, digestionControls breathing, digestion

5. •(3) Cardiac muscle(3) Cardiac muscle
–StriatedStriated
–Cells smaller than striated muscleCells smaller than striated muscle
–1 or 2 nuclei per cell1 or 2 nuclei per cell
–Branching fibersBranching fibers
–Found only in the heartFound only in the heart
–Never gets tiredNever gets tired

7. Muscle functionSMuscle functionS
•Voluntary muscleVoluntary muscle
–Contracts (moves) only when you want it Contracts (moves) only when you want it
toto
–Moves bones of the skeletonMoves bones of the skeleton
–Examples: biceps, triceps, abdominalsExamples: biceps, triceps, abdominals
•Involuntary muscleInvoluntary muscle
–Contracts (moves) on its ownContracts (moves) on its own
–Involuntary movementsInvoluntary movements
–Examples: cardiac, stomach, intestinal Examples: cardiac, stomach, intestinal
wallwall

8. What connects our bones and our What connects our bones and our
muscles???muscles???
•TendonsTendons
–Connect skeletal muscle to boneConnect skeletal muscle to bone
–Ex. Achilles Tendon – connects gastrocnemius Ex. Achilles Tendon – connects gastrocnemius
(calf) to heel bone(calf) to heel bone
•LigamentsLigaments
–Connect bone to boneConnect bone to bone
–Ex. ACL – Anterior Cruciate LigamentEx. ACL – Anterior Cruciate Ligament
connects femur to fibulaconnects femur to fibula
“Little brown bear; three blind mice”

9. Malfunctions:Malfunctions:
•StrainStrain
–Damage to muscle or tendon due to heavy Damage to muscle or tendon due to heavy
lifting, sports, or worklifting, sports, or work
–Bleeding, bruising, painBleeding, bruising, pain
•SprainSprain
–Injury in jointInjury in joint
–Ligament stretched beyond capacityLigament stretched beyond capacity
–Torn ligaments require surgical repairTorn ligaments require surgical repair

10. Malfunctions:Malfunctions:
•TendonitisTendonitis
–Inflammation of tendon from overuseInflammation of tendon from overuse
–Common in limbsCommon in limbs
–Aches, pain, stiffnessAches, pain, stiffness
–Requires restRequires rest
•““Pulled hamstring”Pulled hamstring”
–Strained hamstring muscle (back of thighs)Strained hamstring muscle (back of thighs)
–Prevention: routine stretching to increase Prevention: routine stretching to increase
flexibility; exercise for balance, muscle toneflexibility; exercise for balance, muscle tone

11. Knee Joint AnimationKnee Joint Animation
•http://kidshealth.org/misc/movie/bodybasics/http://kidshealth.org/misc/movie/bodybasics/
bodybasics_knee.htmlbodybasics_knee.html