1.1 classification of microbes

1. MICROORGANISM AND THEIR EFFCTS ON LIVING THING CHAPTER 1

2. MICROORGANISM……? Micro and Makro ?

3. Micro mean……………. small, very small, can’t see by naked eyes. Makro mean…………… big, can see by naked eyes

4. How to see the tiny particle such as microorganism….. It can be seen by using electron microscope..

5. The classification of microorganism .

6. The characteristic of microorganism include their… Appearance ---- keadaan luaran Shape ……………….. Bentuk Size …………………… saiz Method of reproduction …………….. cara membiak Nutrition ……………………. Nutrisi Habitat ……………………….. Tempat tinggal

7. Viruses

8. APPEARANCE OF VIRUSES Is the smallest microorganism The structure is simple Viruses consist ( mengandungi ) of strands of nucleic acid (DNA) which protected( dilindungi ) by a protein coat

9. SIZE OF VIRUSES THE SIZE ARE TOO SMALL SMALLER THAN BACTERIA

10. SHAPE OF VIRUSES HELICAL POLYHEDRAL

11. CHARACTERISTIC OF VIRUS Viruses do not make their own food They obtain ( mendapatkan ) food from animals,plants and some bacteria. So they are PARASITES ( mendapat makanan dr individu lain sehingga membawa keburukan kepada individu tersebut ) The cell where the viruses are attached ( melekat ) are called as host cells… This cell become the habitat of the viruses

12. Viruses and host cell

13. Viruses are parasites… They can infect Human Animal Plant Bacteria

14. Viruses Infected on human

15. Viruses Infected on animal

16. Viruses infected on plant

17. Method of reproduction It only reproduce when it is contact with living cell.

18. BACTERIA Can be found everywhere They are the simplest single celled organism

19. Appearance

20. Appearance of bacteria Surrounded with tough cell wall cell wall …… support and maintain the shape of the cell Have hundred of hairlike called PILLI pilli ……… enable( membolehkan ) bacteria to stick ( melekat ) to certain surface ( permukaan ) Also have a tail tail……….. Help them to move

21. Size The size is bigger than viruses..

22. Shape of bacteria

23. Nutrition Carry out photosynthesis Some live as parasites Some are SAPROTROPHS… saprotrophs …absorb ( serap ) nutrient from dead organism

24. Method of reproduction By binary fission

25. Habitat

26. PROTOZOA

27. PROTOZOA Are unicellular microscopic organism They have complex internal structures such as nuclei containing genetic material

28. Size of protozoa Ranges from 5 to 250 µm So they are easily seen under low magnification microscope.

29. Example of protozoa

30. HABITAT AMOEBA Soil Fresh water Ocean Other organism as parasites PARAMESIUM Fresh water

31. Shape of AMOEBA Does not have fix shape Its shapes change when it moves Use PSEUDOPODIA which help them to move And use PSEUDOPODIA to capture and engulf( telan ) makanan .

32. SHAPE OF PARAMESIUM Shape like a slipper Has a tiny hair called CILIA CILIA was used to move and draw food into its body.

33. METHOD OF REPRODUCTION AMOEBA Binary fission PARAMESIUM Binary fission

34. ALGAE

35. Characteristic of algae Simple organism that make food through photosynthesis. They have chlorophyll but it is not a plant…. Did algae have roots, stems and leaves? They didn’t have roots, stems and leaves.. So, can we classified it as a plant?

36. Algae Can be UNICELLULAR such as euglena Or MULTICELLULAR such as spirogyra

37. Method of reproduction They reproduce asexually through BINARY FISSION SPIRIGYRA reproduce SEXUALLY through CONJUGATION

38. CONJUGATION TWO individual united by a tube formed by outgrowths from one or both of the cells. Genetic materials are passed through the tube into the other cell.

39. CONJUGATION

40. and finally it will form 4 daughter cells

41. HABITAT

42. Fungi

43. Fungi Are simple, plant like organism Do not contain the chlorophyll Feed ( mendapat makanan ) on the dead matter

44. Size The size ranges from 10 to 100µm Example of fungi… Mould Yeast

45. Habitat of fungi