10. electrolytes. introduction extra pptx

electrolytes

1. ELECTROLYTES

2. Electrolytes Electrolytes are  minerals  in your body that have an electric charge. They are in your blood, urine and body fluids. Maintaining the right balance of electrolytes helps our body's blood chemistry, muscle action and other processes.  Sodium, calcium, potassium, chlorine, phosphate and magnesium are all electrolytes. We get them from the foods we eat and the fluids we drink.

3. Electrolytes Balance Electrolytes , help the body maintain normal fluid levels in these compartments (called fluid balance) because the amount of fluid a compartment contains depends on the concentration of electrolytes in it. If the electrolyte concentration is high, fluid moves into that compartment. If the electrolyte concentration is low, fluid moves out of that compartment.

4. continued To adjust fluid levels, the body can actively move electrolytes in or out of cells. Thus, having electrolytes in the right concentrations (called electrolyte balance) is important in maintaining fluid balance among the compartments.

5. Osmoregulatory organs The kidneys help maintain electrolyte concentrations by filtering electrolytes from blood, returning some electrolytes to the blood, and excreting any excess into the urine. Thus, the kidneys help maintain a balance between daily consumption and excretion. Skin. Liver

6. Electrolyte Imbalance If the balance of electrolytes is disturbed, disorders can develop. An electrolyte imbalance can result from the following: Becoming dehydrated Taking certain drugs Having certain heart, kidney, or liver disorders Being given intravenous fluids or feedings in inappropriate amounts.

7. Signs and Symptoms of an Electrolyte Imbalance Depending on the type of electrolyte imbalance you experience, a number of symptoms can occur including: Muscle aches , spasms, twitches and weakness Restlessness Anxiety Frequent  headaches Feely very thirsty Insomnia ( Loss of sleep) Fever Heart palpitations or irregular heartbeats

8. Digestive issues like cramps, constipation or  diarrhea Confusion and trouble concentrating Bone disorders Joint pain . Blood pressure changes Changes in appetite or body weight Fatigue (including  chronic fatigue syndrome ) Numbness and pain in joints. Dizziness, especially when standing up suddenly

9. Normal ranges Normal ranges are below Calcium : 5–5.5 mEq /L Chloride: 97–107 mEq /L Potassium : 5–5.3 mEq /L Magnesium: 1.5-2.5 mEq /L Sodium: 136–145 mEq /L

10. Disorders of imbalance Levels of electrolytes in your body can become too low or too high. That can happen when the amount of water in your body changes, causing  dehydration  or over hydration. hypercalcemia and hypocalcemia hyperchloremia and hypochloremia hypermagnesemia and hypomagnesemia hyperphosphatemia or hypophosphatemia hyperkalemia and hypokalemia hypernatremia and hyponatremia