1909998877889943 566798 Mayur Mishra.pptx

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1. SHRI SHANKARACHARYA GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS TRAINING REPORT Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING of Degree in BY CSVTU, BHILAI Submitted to:- Anil Brahmin (HOD) Vishnu Sahu (class incharge ) Submitted By:- Mayur Mishra (19)

2. INTRODUCTION Chhattisgarh State Power Distribution Co. Ltd. (CSPDCL) is a venture of CSEB. The company’s main motive lies in providing reliable and quality power to the Consumers at affordable rates, reducing distribution losses, implementing Modern technology in business, providing consumer satisfaction through service excellence.

3. COMPONENTS SUBSTATION Current Transformer Power Transformer Potential Transformer Circuitbreaker Relay Insulator Busbar Isolator Lightning Arresters Earthing system.

4. VIEW OF A SUBSTATION

5. ELECTRICAL SUBSTATION It is a subsidiary station of electrical generation,transmission and distribution. TYPES Generation Transmission DISTRIBUTION

6. BUSBARS Busbars are used to carry substantial electric currents over relatively short distances; their greater surface area (compared to a wire of the same weight) reduces losses due to corona discharge. Busbars are not normally structural members. A busbar must be sufficiently rigid to support its own weight, and forces imposed by mechanical vibration and possibly earthquakes, as well as accumulated precipitation in outdoor exposures. Busbars are typically contained inside switchgear, panel boards, and busway enclosures. They are also used to connect high voltage equipment at electrical switchyards.

7. TRANSFORMER It is an electrical device which transfers electrical energy between one or more circuits through electromagnetic induction without the change in frequency. There are two types of transformers :- Step-up Transformer (Increasing the supply) Step-down Transformer (Decreasing the supply)

8. CURRENT TRANSFORMER CURRENT MEASURING PROTECTION SERIES ALWAYS SECONDARY 5 AMP

9. Potential Transformer VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER Always step down any supply voltage into 110 V STEPPING DOWN THE SYSTEM VOLTAGE TO SAFE VALUE THEORY IS JUST LIKE STEP DOWN TRANSFORMER PRIMARY IS CONNECTED ACROSS PHASE & GROUND LOW TURNS ON SECONDARY

10. Circuit Breaker A circuit breaker is an automatically operated electrical switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by overload or short circuit. Its basic functions is detect a fault condition and, by interrupting continuity, to immediately discontinue electrical flow. circuit breaker box

11. VACUUM CIRCUIT BREAKER Vacuum is used as the arc quenching medium. Employed for outdoor applications ranging from 22kV to 66kV These are used for medium voltage applications and are not commercially viable. The pressure inside the vacuum interpreter is maintained at 10 -6 bar and the contacts are made up of Copper-Chromium(CuCr).

12. Relay is a device that detects the fault initiates the operation of the circuit breaker to isolate the defective element from the rest of the system. The relay detect the abnormal condition. The electrical quantities which may change under fault conditions are voltage, current, frequency and phase angle. Through the changes in one or more of these quantities, the fault signal their presence, type, and location to the protective relays. Having detect the fault, the relay operates to close the trip circuit of the breaker. This result in the operating of the breaker and disconnection of faulty circuit . RELAY

13. Isolator is an equipment by which we can make or break the circuit under no load condition. In electrical engineering an isolator switch is used to make sure that an electrical circuit can be completely de-energized for service or maintenance. ISOLATOR :-

14. This materials are used in electrical equipment as insulation. There function is to support or separate electrical conductors without allowing current through themselves. The term also refers to insulating supports that attach electric power transmission wires to utility poles or pylons . INSULATOR :-

15. TYPES OF INSULATORS Pin type Insulator Stay type Insulator Shackle type Insulator Suspension type Insulator

16. lightening Arrester:- ZINC OXIDE PROTECTION FROM LIGHTNING

17. Lightning arresters

18. Earthing system an earthing system or grounding system is circuitry which connects parts of the electric circuit with the ground. If a fault within an electrical device connects a live supply conductor to an exposed conductive surface, anyone touching it while electrically connected to the earth will complete a circuit back to the earthed supply conductor and receive an electric shock. THE PURPOSE OF EARTHING The purpose of earthing is to minimize the risk of electric shock should anyone touch those metal parts when a fault is present. This is achieved by providing a path for fault current to flow safely to earth, which also causes the protective device to disconnect the circuit, removing the danger

19. THANK YOU