2.2 Engine Room Layout.pdf

2.2 Engine Room Layout.pdf

1. Machinery Arrangement (Motor Ship)
Engineroomisoneofthecompartmentsonboardshipsandvariousmachineriesare
installedandarrangedtoprovidepowerrequirementseithermechanical,electrical,
hydraulicorpneumaticsfortheoperationoftheship.Therearetwomain
classificationsofmachineriesonboard.Theyarethemainmachinerieswhichare
providingpropulsionpowertotheshipandauxiliarymachinerieswhichare
supportingthemainoperationbyprovidingelectricalpower,cooling,heatingetc.
Majormachineriesintheengineroomarecategorizedas“CriticalMachineries”
undertheSafetyManagementSystemwhichdefineaswhentheybecome
inoperative, it will render hazards to the operation of the ship.
Machineriesarearrangedsystematicallyandwithaccordancetotheiroperational
requirement. These machineries are described as follows:
Main Engine
Providespropulsionpowertotheshipandismadeofdieselengine.Commonly
calledasmainpowerplantorthe“mainengine”,classifiedbythecompany’sSafety
ManagementSystemas“CriticalMachinery”,situatedatthecenteroftheengine
room,boltedtothehullatthebottombycommonlycalled“holdingdownbolts”and
bracedonthetoptoensurethatthepowerbeingdevelopedisefficientlytransmitted
to the ship hull via the propeller.
Diesel Generator Engine
Providemechanicalpowertotheelectricgeneratingequipmentoftheship.
Commonlytermas“auxiliarydieselengine”,andcoupledtoagenerator.Thereare4
units available onboard and also categorized as “Critical Machinery”.

2. Air Compressor
Generatescompressedairatrequiredpressureandstoredincylindricaltanks.The
compressedairisusedforstartingdieselengines,controlairforinstrumentation,
maintenance cleaning purposes and others.
Auxiliary Boiler
Sealedvesselwherewaterisconvertedintosteam.Steamisgeneratedatcertain
pressuretomakeitusable.Generally,steamisusedforheating,mediumofprime
moversuchasTurboGenerator,turbinepumpsetc.,andforotherpurposes.Itis
categorized as “Critical Machinery” onboard.
Exhaust Gas Economizer (EGE)
Wasteheatrecoveryequipmentforthemainengineexhaustgasproducessteam.
Theheatthatwasforcedoutfromthemainengine(exhaustgas)passestotherows
oftubes,heatingthewaterinsidethetubesandthus,generatingsteam.Commonly,
whentheshipisunderwayorinnavigatingwaters,theEGEisusedforsteam
generationandtheauxiliaryboilerisinstand-bycondition.Thesteamgeneratedis
usedforheatingfueloil,lubeoilandotherpurposes.Itiscategorizedas“Critical
Machinery'' onboard.

3. Purifier
Deviceusedasseparatorsofliquidtoliquidorsolidparticlestofueloilorlubeoil
usedfordieselenginesonboard.Itcanpurifyandremovesedimentsfromfueloil
andlubeoiltocertainacceptablecharacteristics.Insomecases,theyarealsoused
asclarifiersasinthecasethatoilcontainslargeamountsofsludge(solidparticles)
and less amount of water (oil whose density is more than 1.0).
Homogenizer
Tocounteracttheproblemsassociatedwithtoday’sfueloil,homogenizationisbeing
applied to improve the engine performance.
Homogenizeristhedeviceusedtogrindthefueloilasitispumpedthroughtheunit.
Thisdeviceworksjustlikeamillingmachineforprocessingofsludge,asphaltenes,
etc., that are commonly associated in the fuel oil even after treatment.

4. Fresh Water Generator
Freshwatergeneratoror“DistillingPlant''generatesfreshwateronboard.Fresh
waterisproducedbyboilingtheseawaterandcondensingintofreshwater.Primary
heating used is the jacket cooling water of the main engine.
Pump
Pumpprovidessufficientenergytotheflowofliquidsuchasfueloil,lubeoil,water
etc.CentrifugalPumps,Pistonpumps,ScrewPumpsandGearpumpsare
commonly installed in the engine room.
Heat Exchanger
Heatexchangerallowsheattransferoffluidtoanother.Heatexchangersareused
forfueloil,lubeoil,freshwater,seawaterandrefrigerationsystems.Theycanbe
coolers, heaters and condensers.

5. Provision Refrigeration Plant
Forthepreservationoffoodsonboardfortheconsumptionofcrew,aprovision
refrigeratingmachineisinstalled.Itprovidescoolingtofreezeandchillmeat,fish,
vegetables and other products.
Air Conditioning Plant
Airconditioningplantprovidesconditionedairtotheshipsaccommodationtomakeit
habitable.Thesystemcontinuouslyprovidesandmaintainsclean,temperatureand
humid controlled condition air in the ship's cabin, offices and the bridge.
Oily Water Separator
OilandwatermixtureintheengineroombilgesystemisprocessedintheOilywater
separator,anditseparatesoilandwatermixtureintoacleaneffluentbeforebeing

6. dischargedintothesea(max.15ppmasperMARPOL73/78Regulation).The
deviceisoneofthemostimportantequipmentforenvironmentalprotection.Itis
categorized as “Critical Machinery” onboard.
Incinerator
Segregatedgarbageandsolidwastesgeneratedonboardareburnedinthe
incinerator.Itisconstructedofheavyandwell-insulatedmaterialstokeepthehigh
levels of heat inside the furnace so that the waste is burned quickly and efficiently.
Fan and Blower
Fanandblowerareusedtocreateairflowforvariouspurposes.Ventilationfanasan
exampleareprovidedtosupply/exhausttherequiredamountofairintheengine
room.

7. Main and Emergency Air Reservoir
Mainandemergencyairreservoirsareprovidedonboardtostorepressurizedairfor
variouspurposes.Thereservoirisdesignedtokeptsufficientairforstartingofthe
main engine, instrumentation and maintenance purposes.
Control Air Dryer
Tomaintaincleananddrycontrolledairforthesupplyofthevariousinstrumentsin
themainengine,acontrolairdryerisprovided.Thedeviceisoperatinginthe
reverse procedure of refrigeration.

8. Marine Growth Prevention System and Ferrous Ion Generator
MGPSprovidesanamountofelectriccurrenttoproducechlorinethatattacksmarine
growths and prevents them from entering the cooling system piping.
Feiongeneratorusedtoprotecttheseawatercoolingsystembyprovidinganti
corrosion film substances in the cooling tubes (heat exchanger).
Electrical Equipment
Variouselectricalequipmentcanalsobefoundonboard.Someoftheelectrical
equipmentiscoupledwithothertypesofmachinerysuchasmechanical,hydraulicor
pneumatic devices, e.g. pumps, fans, etc.
Generator
Primaryequipmentonboardthatgenerateselectricityforelectricalpowersupplyto
all electrical machinery and devices.
Main Switchboard and Feeder Panel
Themainswitchboardandfeederpaneldirectstheelectricitygeneratedfromthe
generator to the various electrical equipment onboard.

9. Electric Motor
Devicethatconvertselectricalenergytomechanicalenergyanditisthereciprocalof
electricgenerators.Motorsarecommonlycoupledtofans,pumpsandother
equipment onboard.
Emergency Generator and Emergency Switchboard
Emergencyelectricalpowerisprovidedanddirectedbytheemergencygenerator
andemergencyswitchboards.Theamountofelectricalpowersuppliedissufficientto
operate the various emergency equipment onboard.

10. Emergency Batteries
Anothersourceofelectricpoweronboardonlimitedtimeistheemergencybatteries.
Itisprimarilyusedwhenalltheelectricgeneratingequipmenthasfailed,for
immediateandtemporarysupplytoemergencylightingsandradiocommunication
equipment.
Other Machineries
Emergency Fire Pump
Usedtosupplyseawatertohydrantsnecessaryforfightinganybreakdownoffire
onboard.Thesourceofelectricalpowercanbetakenfrommainoremergency
generating equipment.
Steering Gear System
Steeringgearsystemprovidessteeringcapabilityfortheshiptoattainthecourseitis
directed.Itistheprimenavigationalequipmentinthebridge.Thesteeringcapability
canbecontrolledautomaticallyormanually.Itiscategorizedas“CriticalMachinery”
onboard.

11. Sewage Treatment Plant
Adevicethatprocessedandremovedcontaminantsfromdomesticwastewater
generatedonboard.Itspurposeistoproduceawastestreamortreatedeffluentand
solidwastesludgesuitablefordischargeatsea.Itiscategorizedas“Critical
Machinery” onboard.
Mooring Winch/Windlass
Equipmentusedforholdingtheshipinplacewhileinportoratanchoragearea.
Mainlyconsistsofelectricalmotors,pumps,hydraulicsystemsandwinches.Mooring
winches/windlassesaresituatedintheforwardandaftpartoftheship.Itis
categorized as “Critical Machinery” onboard.

12. Bow Thruster
Apropulsiondevicebuiltormountedontheship'sbowtoincreaseits
maneuverability.Itisspecificallyusedfordockingtomakemaneuverabilityofthe
shipseasier,turningfromporttostarboardorviceversawithoutusingthemain
propulsion.
Workshop
Itprovidesaworkingareaintheengineroomandondeckforthemaintenanceof
equipment and for the storage of tools and spares.
Tanks

13. Toprovidestoragecapabilityforliquidmaterialsintheships,storagetanksand
servicetanksareprovided.Location,sizesandcapacityvariesdependingonthe
type of liquid to be stored such as fuel oil, lube oil, fresh water, sea water and others.
Lists of Tanks in the Engine Room
a.Main L.O. Sump Tank
b.Main L.O. Storage Tank
c.Main L.O. Settling Tank
d.Cylinder Oil Storage Tank
e.Cylinder Oil Measuring Tank
f.S/T L.O. Gravity Tank
g.S/T L.O. sump Tank
h.S/T Forward Seal Tank
i.G/E L.O. Sump Tank
j.G/E L.O. Storage Tank
k.G/E L.O. Overflow Tank
l.Cooling F.W. Expansion Tank
m.Feed Filter Tank
n.Clean Drain Tank
o.Bilge Tank
p.Bilge Separated Oil Tank
q.Bilge Primary Tank
r.H.F.O Storage Tank
s.L.S.H.F.O. Settling Tank
t.Boiler F.O. Settling Tank
u.H.F.O. Service Tank
v.M.D.O. Storage Tank
w.M.D.O. Sett./Serv. Tank
x.Waste Oil Settling Tank
y.F.O./L.O. Sludge Tank
z.M/E Air Cooler Chemical Cleaning Tank
Lay-out of Machinery Arrangement in the Engine Room
Tofacilitateeasyunderstandingofmachineryarrangementandlocationinthe
engineroom,“MachineryArrangementintheEngineRoom”lay-outisprovided.The
figurebelowistheactualmachineryarrangementdrawnintheengineroomofNYK
Terra.