2.Professional responsibilities of community pharmacists.pptx

Community Pharmacy & Management ER 2020

1. Prof. Vaishali P. Argade Lecturer in PRES, Institute of Pharmacy, Loni Email:[email protected] Mobile:[phone]/2024 By-Ms. Argade V. P. Chapter 2: Professional Responsibilities of Community Pharmacist COMMUNITY PHARMACY and Management (20222) Second year diploma in pharmacy

2. Learning Outcomes After completion of this chapter, you will be able to: 1. Professional responsibilities of community pharmacists 2. The concept of Good Pharmacy Practice 3. The concept of SOPs 2 4/23/2024 By-Ms. Argade V. P.

3. COMMUNITY PHARMACIST “Community pharmacist is the professional who dispenses medicines with a prescription and in certain cases without a prescription where applicable (OTC drugs).” Community pharmacists are considered to be the most accessible health professional to the public, as they are available to provide personalized advice about health and medicine on a walk-in basis, without the need for an appointment. 4/23/2024 By-Ms. Argade V. P. 3

4. PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES OF COMMUNITY PHARMACISTS Traditionally, the role of the community pharmacist is to provide medications to Patients based on a prescription from their physician doctor. Following are the responsibility of Community pharmacist: 1. Processing of prescription : Community pharmacist check prescription order from the physician and prepare medicine for the patient. 2. Checking for drug interaction : Community pharmacist make sure that the medicines and doses are appropriate considering health factors and other medicine under used by patients. 3. Dispensing of medicine : A community pharmacist labels the medication correctly with instruction for the patient about how and when to take the medicine. He dispenser medicine with a prescription and in certain cases without a prescription as for OTC drugs. 4/23/2024 By-Ms. Argade V. P. 4

5. 4. Disposal of medicines : Community pharmacist collects unwanted, used/ unused medicine from patient and disposes them safely as per disposal guidelines. 5. Counselling : Community pharmacist gives direction to the patient regarding administration of the drug like quantity to be taken, frequency of administration, route of administration etc. Community pharmacist support patient through personal counselling to make Health Care choices such food habits, importance of exercise, regular check up etc. 6. Women welfare and Infant care : Community pharmacists guide the mother in the matter of personal hygiene and management. They encourage breastfeeding and can play a major role by guiding the mother for the protection of the child by following proper immunization schedule. 4/23/2024 By-Ms. Argade V. P. 5

6. 7. Patient education : Community pharmacist can educate people in the prevention of HIV /AIDS or other communicable infection by explaining to what HIV is, its transmission, risk reduction etc 8. Alcohol drug abuse and smoking cessation : Community pharmacist help individuals who are dependent of alcohol and drug abuse. They take an active role in helping the smokers to stop smoking and advising on the products available to assist the patient in giving up smoking. 9. Nutrition Counselling : Community pharmacist can make significant contributions in assuring adequate nutrition by advising his patients about basic food needs, keeping to correct improper food habits in children, suggesting special diet instructions for diabetic patients and people with food allergy. 10. Family planning : Community pharmacist talks about various family planning measures available in the market and educate the people and convince them about the advantages of having small families. 4/23/2024 By-Ms. Argade V. P. 6

7. GOOD PHARMACY PRACTICE (GPP) GPP is the practice of pharmacy that responds to the needs of the people who use the pharmacist’s services. To support this practice it is essential that there be an established national framework of quality standards and guidelines. The International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) has adopted International guidelines for good pharmacy practice at its meeting held on 5th September 1993 and expected that based on these guidelines standard should be used by Pharmaceutical organizations and governments of different countries. FIP document on “Good Pharmacy Practice 1993” describing the guidelines to provide quality Pharmaceutical care to the society. 4/23/2024 By-Ms. Argade V. P. 7

8. Requirements of good pharmacy practice A. Pharmacist's first concern must be the welfare of the patients. B. The core of the pharmacy activity is the supply of medication and other health care products of assured quality, appropriate information, advice for the patient, and monitoring the effects of their use. C. The promotion of rational and economic prescribing and appropriate medicine use. D. The objective of each element of pharmacy service is relevant to the individual, is clearly defined and is effectively communicated to all those involved. 4/23/2024 By-Ms. Argade V. P. 8

9. Elements & standards for GPP 1. Health Promotion, ill health prevention and achieving health objectives 2. Supply of medicines and their rational use 3. Selfcare activities involving advice and where appropriate supply of medications for self treatment 4/23/2024 By-Ms. Argade V. P. 9

10. 1. Premises: Premises from which pharmacist could provide services to the patient should having adequate space. Premises should be maintained clean, tidy and hygienic Provide adequate space for storage, repacking, dispensing and distribution of medicine, including security, adequate light, protection from exposure to excessive light and heat. 2. Dispensing: During dispensing the pharmacist should ensure that the right patient received the appropriate medicine in the correct dose and form. Pharmacist should check the prescription for its authenticity, identity of patient, name of the medicine or devices before dispensing. Pharmacist should give the necessary instructions about action of prescribed drug, quantity of product to be dispensed, find out Useful information about prescription, check correctness of prescribers instructions, method of preparing medicine, container, label and make appropriate record must before handover the medicine 4/23/2024 By-Ms. Argade V. P. 10

11. 3. Containers: This standard is aim to preserve the integrity of the medicinal product for example tablet or capsule are displaced in • Airtight plastic wallet • Airtight rigid container • Airtight rigid container with the child resistance closure • The manufacturer's original packaging Liquid preparation should be dispensed in pharmaceutical grade bottles so as to distinguish them from non- pharmaceutical preparation. Poisonous products or products intended for external use should be packed in distinguishable bottles. Recycled containers may be used if it is adequately clean internally and externally. 4/23/2024 By-Ms. Argade V. P. 11

12. 4. Labeling: Labeling is aim to exclusively identify the content of the container, to instruct the patient on the proper use of the medicine. The minimum requirements for a label are: • Generic name and strength of the medicine • Dose frequency and duration of course if applicable • Date of dispensing • Name of patient • Name, address of supplier • Child safety warning • Auxiliary label such as keep out of reach of children 4/23/2024 By-Ms. Argade V. P. 12

13. 5. Instructions to patient Instruction standard is aim to ensure that the patient knows how and when to administered the medicinal product. Counselling is a professional responsibility of every pharmacist so every pharmacist must develop the Counselling skills to ensure GPP and rational drug use counselling covers; • Name of medication, • Removal of medicine from the pack should be demonstrated (Ex-how to remove suppository wrapping, open the safety containers using caps to screw tubes and pressing of content from the base of collapsible tube etc) pharmacist are required to verify dose, dosage interval and duration of therapy. • They should explain contraindications and state about the food, drinks or drug to be avoided. • They should instruct on what should be done if side effect occurs. • Patients should be advised not to use left over drugs and about storage and disposal of left over drugs. Ideally it is return to the pharmacy for a proper disposal. 4/23/2024 By-Ms. Argade V. P. 13

14. 6. Records: Standard for records are aimed to facilitate patient care and provide an audit trial. Their requirements are to follow steps given below; Step 1: Record of all medicine supplied should be kept detailing name of the patient, name and strength of the medicine, dosage, quantity supplied and date of dispensing Step 2: Individual patient medicine record should be maintained in the system manually or computerised which allows for easy retrieval of patient information. 4/23/2024 By-Ms. Argade V. P. 14

15. 7. Health information and pharmaceutical care : It aim to promote good health and prevent ill health. Its requirement are that all personnel working in the pharmacy should be trained and equipped in terms of literature and support material to give advice on general health matter as well as more specific information and Services relating to medicines supply by them. In terms of the provision of the service the following steps should be followed Step 1: Provide Health Promotion literature and support material on General Health Step 2: Provide an area suitable for the delivery of basic information, counselling and Pharmaceutical care Step 3: Provide a separate, confidential room or facility for the above activity 8. Self medication: These standards are aimed to ensure that the advice is accurate & appropriate. 4/23/2024 By-Ms. Argade V. P. 15

16. GPP IN INDIA Pharmacy Practice Regulation 2015 was enforced by PCI New Delhi to regulate pharmacy practice in India. Following are some of the important provision of this regulation ; 1. The dispenser of drugs should be carried out by the qualified registered pharmacist only 2. The renting of registration certificate to Pharmacy owner is strictly prohibited 3. The pharmacist who rented their registration certificate without attending dispensing services considered as misconduct and subjected for cancellation of their registration certificate permanently. 4. The pharmacist during working time should wear a white clean apron, black badge plate consists of pharmacists name and registration number. 4/23/2024 By-Ms. Argade V. P. 16

17. 5. The registration certificate should be displayed visible to the public. 6. Pharmacists should provide their professional services like patient counseling, adverse drug reaction reporting and primary care to all minor ailments. For this purpose a separate cell should be arranged within the pharmacies. 7. Pharmacist may charge consultation fees for their professional service. 8. In case of drug dispensed by unqualified persons instead of qualified pharmacist, public may lodge their complaint against pharmacist directly to the registrar of state or central pharmacy council under section 14(b) of chapter 9 of PPR 2015 for the violation of section 42 of Pharmacy act 1948 or call 9490800808 for any assistance regarding the process and format of complaint. 4/23/2024 By-Ms. Argade V. P. 17

18. STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES-SOPS SOP is a document which describe as to how the activity should be performed systematically in a stepwise manner. In a Pharmacy many of the activities are regularly and repeatedly perform. The purpose of sop is to ensure that the operations are performed correctly and always in the same manner. SOP should be available at the place of work. Aim/ Objective of SOP • SOPs aim to achieve efficiency, quality output and conformity of performance • To ensure regulatory compliance • To carry out process correctly and always in the same manner • To provide quality service • SOP are essential to implement GPP 4/23/2024 By-Ms. Argade V. P. 18

19. Advantages of SOPs 1. They can assist with quality assurance, ensuring that patients receive a service that meets certain predefined standards. 2. They ensure consistency, which helps to maintain the level of service offered and therefore maintain good pharmaceutical practice at all times. They set out clear lines of accountability, ensuring that staffs are aware of their own responsibilities . They help part-time staff to understand the processes and running of the pharmacy. They are useful templates in the training of new staff . 6. They provide additional information for the audit process 4/23/2024 By-Ms. Argade V. P. 19

20. Ideal qualities of SOP • It should be precise • It should not include irrelevant information • It should be short but comprehensive • It should be written in professional language avoid informal language • It should be reviewed by third person • It should be clearly worded, easy to read and having short and simple steps • It needs to be validated 4/23/2024 By-Ms. Argade V. P. 20

21. Preparation of SOP 1. Objective: Purpose of SOP 2. Scope: Area of work to be covered 3. Stages of process: Description of how task is carried out 4. Responsibility: Who is responsible for carrying out procedure 5. Other useful information: How SOP is audited Review : Show how process is monitored to ensure that it remain up to date and relevant 7. Title of SOP 8. Publication or revision date 9. Name of organization 10. Name and signature of those who prepare and approve the SOP. 4/23/2024 By-Ms. Argade V. P. 21

22. Reference 1.Community Pharmacy & Management, By Dr.V D Tambe,Brilliant publication. 2.Community Pharmacy & Management, By Dr. Adhikrao Yadav , Nirali Prakashan 3. Community Pharmacy & Management, By Dr. Ashok Hajare , Nirali Prakashan

23. Thank you……….. 4/23/2024 By-Ms. Argade V. P. 23