2016.03.15 neurophysiology-intro

neurophysiology-intro

1. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY INTRODUCTION

2. 100 billion neurons 10 – 50 times glial cells, CNS is a complex organ, 40% genes participate in its formation Neurons have evolved from primitive neuroeffector cells Functional unit Normal brain function :- synaptic activity, ECF homeostasis, energy metabolism, & n.protect cerebral ischaemia , seizures, neurodegenerative disorders, c. edema GLIAL CELLS

3. α -motor neuron Neuromuscular junction – Ach M E P EPP Action potential Ca Excitation – contraction coupling Polio virus Lower motor neuron paralysis

4. Upper motor neuron lesion – cortico -spinal tract – spinal animal Association areas – frontal cortex – ideation Spinal shock Reflex arc – monosynaptic reflex / polysynaptic reflex – stretch reflex – γ . Efferent discharge – muscle spindle contractile part Reticular formation – vital centres – area for consciousness – G.A. Decerebrate rigidity Midline space occupying lesion & thalamus Cerebral conning

5. 4S suppressor strip – stretch reflex – mental retardation Sensory/motor ataxia Speech Hypothalamus LESIONS: -peripheral nerve injury -polio -LMN/UMN lesion -ataxia -aphasia - hypothalamic obesity