20202020202 A 00000000CASE STUDY TAJ.pptx

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1. MUGHAL GARDENS A Mughal Garden is a type of garden built by the Mughal dynasty in India and some surrounding regions between the 16th and 19th centuries. This style was influenced by Persian and Timurid gardens. Inside the gardens, common elements include ponds, fountains, and canals are used

2. CLASSIFICATION OF MUGHAL GARDEN Rectangular Pearl garden Circular garden Long Butterfly garden Terraced garden

3. ELEMENTS OF MUGHAL GARDEN Charbagh Layout Water bodies & fountains Sensory Experience Rich Symbolism Architectural Harmony Public Spaces

4. THE GARDENS OF TAJ MAHAL

5. BASIC INFORMATION Taj Mahal is an extensive complex of buildings and gardens that extends over 22.44 hectares and includes subsidiary tombs, waterworks infrastructure, the small town of 'Taj Ganji ' and a 'moonlight garden' to the north of the river. It was built by Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his third wife, Mumtaz Mahal. Location: Agra, India. Built: 1632-1653. Architect: Ustad Ahmad Lahauri , and Mir Abd- ul Karim. Architectural Style: Mughal (a style that combines elements from Persian, Turkish and Indian architectural styles.)

6. THE CHARBAGH GARDEN The gardens in the Mughal era were heavily influenced by the Persian style. The Holy Quran describes the paradise as a garden, so we see that most of Mughal monuments mostly always accompany beautiful gardens as representation of heaven. The Taj mahal garden are no exception and have been designed in the “ charbagh ” style, that is, divided into four parts, the number four being a sacred number in Islam. Style: Persian Divided Into: Four Parts Canals : Two (crossing in the center) Flowerbeds : Sixteen Trees : Cyprus & Fruit Bearing Type : formal and private Plan : geometric

7. CONCEPT A paradise which, according to Islamic beliefs, consists of four rivers : one of water , one of milk , one of honey , and one of wine . The Taj Mahal of Agra, is the usage of number four and its multiples .Since four is considered the holiest number in Islam , all the arrangements of Charbagh Garden of Taj Mahal are based on four or its multiples. This garden, filled with flowers, fruits, birds, leaves, symmetry, and delicacy, served many functions along with portraying strong symbolic or abstract meanings about paradise .

8. LAYOUT The total area of Taj Mahal complex 580 meter by 300 meter of which gardens cover an area of 300 by 300 meter . G eometric arrangements of nature. No attempt was made to give them a natural look Architectural attribute to the garden is the usage of number 4 and its multiples The entire garden is divided into four parts, with two marble canals studded with fountains crossing in the centre In each quarter portion, there are 16 flowerbeds - divided by stone paved raised paths.Each flowerbed was planted with 400 plants.

9. PLANTATION Cyprus (signifying death) and the fruit bearing type (signifying life).They are arranged in a symmetrical pattern. At the center of the garden is a raised marble lotus-tank with a cusped border, which reflects the Taj in its waters. The flowers in Mughal gardens are mostly scented in nature and highly colourful . The colourful effects are created by massing mixed coloured annuals. Mixed colours have been preferred rather than mono, complementary or contrast colours .

10. WATER DEVICES Water was drawn from the river by a series of purs ( a manual system of drawing water from river using bucket and ropes) through a wide water channel into an huge oblong storage tank. The water was again raised above by a series of 13 purs ..For irrigation of the garden, water from the overflowing canals was used. A number of copper pots were used for separate fountains in the north-south canal, lotus pond and the surrounding canal. The main supply of water was obtained through a series of earthenware pipes. The unique water devices depict that the Mughal water expert was a master of his art and ensured the unobstructed supply of water for centuries. JAMAL

11. The Al-Kawthar The Celestial Pol Of Abundance The planner of the Taj preferred to add to the gorgeous view of the monument from the front by providing these delicate bud-shaped fountains in the centre . This is the point where the two water channels intersect dividing the garden into four sections.

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