3.1. Breeding of carps in bundhs.ppt

FINFISH hatchery management

2. •Bundhs-specialtypeoftanksorimpoundmentswhereriverineconditions
aresimulatedduringmonsoonmonthsforbreedingcarps
•Maybeperennial(wetbundhs)orseasonal(drybundhs)
•Bundhbreeding,whichaccountedfor5.4%in1964-65,contributedto
about63%in1980
DRY BUNDH

4. •PopularinMadhyaPradishandWestBengal
•Bundhbreeding-origininBengal
•Majorityofbundh-majorcarpsareknowntobreed,arelocatedinthedistrictsof
MidnaporeandBankura(WestBengal)andNowgongintheChhattarpurdistrict
•(MadhyaPradesh)
•Firstdrybundh-SonarTalliyainNowgongdistrictofMadhyaPradesh

5. •Themostmodernconstructionsaregenerallymasonrystructureswith
arrangementsforasluicegateinthedeepestportionofbundhfor
completedrainingandoneortwowasteweirsforoverflowofexcess
water
•Adrybundhunitconsistsofstoragepondsforstockingbreeders,an
observationtowerwitharrangementsforstoringnecessaryequipment
andasetofcementedhatcheries(2.4mx1.2mx0.3m)witharegular
supplyofwaterforalargenumberofeggsatashorttime
•Insomecases,theembankmentisapuccastonemasonrywithasmall
sluicegateandaportionoftheembankmentitselfservesasthewaste
weir(Dubey,1969)

6. •WetbundhofMidnapore(WestBengal)-perennialpondortank,situated
intheslopeofavastcatchmentareaofundulatingterrain,withproper
embankmentshavinganinlettowardstheuplandandanoutlettowards
theoppositelowerend
•Duringsummer,onlythedeeperportionofthebundhretainswaterwhere
carpbreedersarereleasedforspawning
•Theremainingportionisdry-musedforagriculturalpurposes
•Afteraheavyshower,amajorportionofthebundhgetssubmergedwith
waterfromcatchmentarea(catchmentarea:bundh,20-100:1),coming
intoitintheformofstreamlets

8. •Thedepthofwaterwherebreedingtakesplacehasbeenstatedtovaryfrom8cm
to1.2m
•Thoughthefishbreedsatanyspotinthebundh,itmaybeadvantageousto
prepare`spawninggrounds’atdifferentlevelswhichcouldgetfloodedatdifferent
waterlevelsinbundhs
•Thebundhscanbefilledwithrain-waterasandwhendesiredandbreeding
operationsundertakenwithoutwaitingforthebundhtofillafreshwithrainwater

9. Method of breeding carps in a wet bundh
Dry bundh
•A typical dry bundhis a shallow, seasonal depression, having a bundhon one side
and a catchment area on the other three sides
•May be of varying shape and size; made of earthen wall or masonry wall
•A dry bundh-smaller and shallower; wet bundh-bigger and deeper
•The bundhgets flooded in monsoon, but remains completely dry for a
considerable period during a year
•It consists of a sluice gate for quickly draining the water and an outlet for the
excess water to flow away
•In dry bundhs, spawning sometimes takes place in deeper areas

10. A typical dry bundh(Nowgongtype) used for major carp breeding.
Sluice gate
Stone masonry
embankment
Water storage basin
Stream
Undulating terrain
Observation
tower
Cement hatcheriesHillock
Water weir

11. Techniqueofbreedingmajorcarpsinadrybundh
•Thematurecarpbreedersareintroducedintothebundhat1:2(Female:Male)
•10-20%ofthefishisgivenintramuscularinjectionofpituitaryextractorready–to-
usesolutionlikeovaprim
•Watercurrentiscreatedinthebundhbydrawingwaterfromastoretank
•Thefollowingmorning,thespentbreedersareremoved,eggscollected,water
drainedandthebundhdriedfor2-3days

12. •Thebundh-utilizedforthenextbreedingbyreleasingafreshbatchofbreeders
•Fivetosixspawningconductedineachbundhduringoneseasonasopposedto
onlyonespawninginawetbundh
•Silvercarpandgrasscarphavebeensuccessfullyinducedbredinbundhswithout
stripping
•Drybundhs-oneofthereliablemeansofmassbreedingofChinesecarpstomeet
theincreasingdemandoftheirseed

13. Collectionandhatchingofeggs
•Afterspawning,theeggsarecollectedfrombundhs,afterloweringthewaterlevel,
bydraggingapieceofmosquitonettingcloth(gamcha)andreleasedforhatching
•Thehatchingpits(448cmx244cmx46cm)areexcavatedonthebankwith
arrangementforthesupplyofwater.Eachpitmaycontainabout0.9to2.2million
eggs,ofwhich2.5-25%hatchsuccessfully
•Adouble-walledhapa(fixedinthebundh)consistsofanouterhapa(182cmx91
cmx91cm)andaninnerhapa(152cmx76cmx46cm),accountsforaspawn
survivalrateof32to50%

14. •Theprovisionofcementhatcheries(2.4mx1.2mx0.3m)nearthedrybundhsin
MadhyaPradeshhasaidedinimprovingthesurvivalofhatchlingsto97%
•AcementhatcheryofMadhyaPradesh–3timesmorecapacitythanadouble-
walledhapaandismoreeconomical
•Sincethecollectionofalltheeggsisimpossible,especiallyinthecaseofwet
bundhsinviewoftheirlargersize,fryandfingerlingcollectionisequallyimportant

15. Factorsresponsibleforbreedingoffishinbundhs
•Spawningmayoccuratnightandduringbrightsunintheforenoon
•2to3malestoonefemaleistheusualratio
•Matingoccurswithvigoroussplashingofwater
•Athickblanketofeggsisleftbehindatthespawningsite

16. •Thespentfishinbundhsmovetothedeeperareas
•Heavymonsoonfloodcapableofinundatingvastshallowareasisbelievedtobea
primaryfactorresponsibleforspawning
•Somebelievetheavailabilityofshallowspawninggroundtobeadecidingfactor
forspawning
•Theriseinthelevelofwater,naturallyorartificially,isknowntobringabout
spawning

17. •Thetemperatureofwaterforspawningisfoundtobebetween22and33°C
•OtherfactorslikepH,highDO
2,alkalinity,chlorideandmineralsdonotseemto
playanysignificantroleinspawning
•Spawningisinhibitedduetothepresenceofhormone-likesecretionincaptive
waters
•Waterthathasflownthroughadrybedoflandrichinhumushasstimulatory
effectonspawning