3-biologicalfluidforensics-240229075608-94d0fe25.pdf

Forensic science

1. Forensic Serology & DNA Typing…
M.PHOOL BADSHAH

2. Lecture-3
Biological Fluids Forensics

3. Introduction
•Biological fluids play an important role in forensic science because
they can provide important details about a crime scene, the people
involved, and the circumstances surrounding an incident, biological
fluids are essential to forensic research.
•Identification and inspection of different body fluids, including
blood, semen, saliva, urine, and other biological components, are
part of the forensic analysis of biological fluids process.
•In forensics, biological fluids are important for the following
reasons:

4. 1-Blood:
•Blood is one biological fluid that is frequently examined in forensic
investigations. Blood DNA analysis is a useful tool for identifying specific
individuals.
•Blood spatter analysis is useful in reconstructing crime scenes by
identifying key details including victim positions and the type of force
used.
2-Semen:
•Semen Analysis is crucial in situations of sexual assault. It can be applied
to determine whether spermatozoa are present and to create a connection
between a suspect and a victim.
•Semen DNA profiling can yield important identification evidence.
3-Saliva:
•DNA may be extracted from saliva and used to identify specific people. It
is frequently discovered on objects like bite marks, envelopes, and cigarette
butts.
•Drugs and poisons can also be detected by saliva analysis.

5. 4-Urine:
•Drugs, poisons, and other materials that can provide details about a person's
recent actions or habits can be found in urine samples.
•It can be applied to drug test scenarios, particularly those involving mishaps
at work or driving while intoxicated.
5-Other Biological Materials:
•Tears, sweat, and vomit are examples of other biological fluids that may also
be examined for certain materials or information pertinent to a forensic
investigation.
6-Forensic Techniques:
•Biological fluids are analyzed using a variety of forensic techniques,
including as immunohistochemistry, serology, and DNA profiling.
•To identify and describe biological materials, techniques from molecular
biology, chemical testing, and microscopic inspection are used.

6. 7-Preservation and Collection:
•To preserve the integrity of the evidence, biological samples must be
collected and preserved properly.
•This entails keeping samples under controlled circumstances, avoiding
contamination, and utilizing the proper collecting kits.
8-Database Utilization:
•DNA databases are useful resources for forensic analysis. To find possible
suspects, profiles taken from bodily fluids at crime scenes might be
compared with databases already in place.
•All things considered, biological fluid analysis in forensics is a
multidisciplinary process that integrates genetics, chemistry, and biology to
produce vital data for criminal investigations and court cases. The precision
and dependability of forensic evidence obtained from biological fluids have
greatly increased as a result of technological advancements, especially in
the field of DNA analysis.