3 d modelling

3D models are used for a variety of mediums including video games, movies, architecture, illustration, engineering, and commercial advertising. The 3D modeling process produces a digital object capable of being fully animated, making it an essential process for character animation and special effects.

1. PRESEN TED BY : IRSHAD ANSARI “3D MODELING” SEMINAR PRESENTATION ON

2. CONTENT 1.Introduction 2.3D-Modeling In The I ndustry 3.How Are T hey U sed 4.Modeling At Home 5.Geometric Theory 6 Advantages And Disadvantages 7.Conclusion

3. INTRODUCTION 3D modeling is the process of developing a mathematical representation of any surface of an object (either inanimate or living) in three dimensions via specialized software. The product is called a 3D model. 3-D modeling is used in many different industries, including virtual reality, video games, 3D printing, marketing, TV and motion pictures, scientific and medical imaging and computer-aided design and manufacturing  CAD/CAM

4. MODELING IN THE INDUSTRY It seems that 3D Models are appearing nearly everywhere in the media industry, it can be found in various places; TV & Film Animations Video Games Product Design Education Architecture Science Engineering Print/Image Rendering

5. HOW ARE THEY USED? TV & Film In TV and Film 3D Models are used to create large effects such as the robots in Transformers or to create environments and characters in films like Avatar. There are minimal limits and the models can have a high poly count because they're not rendered out at real time, they're rendered for playback. Animation In animation the visual is commonly very cartoon looking, simply for the reason that the film is entirely animated, rendering times would be insane if everything were to look 100% realistic. Wreck It Ralph (2012) is a good example of a recent animation.

6. HOW ARE THEY USED? Video Games Just about everything in video game is 3D modeling, these can be simple things like triggers or could be more complex entities such as characters or the environment they live in. Unfortunately video games render the models in real time meaning they can't have as many polys, although some advancements have been made over the years.

7. HOW ARE THEY USED Educational Purposes – 3D Modelling allows teachers to show their students certain objects from body organs to engine parts. Everything can be shown on screen using a 3D model, where as getting the actual objects is pricey and sometimes may be a hassle.

8. HOW ARE THEY USED? Engineering 3D modelling is used to create prototypes or even parts that can be printed off using 3D printers, this is much more precise than doing it manually as laser beams and mechanics are way more stable than the human hand.

9. MODELLING AT HOME The internet allows anyone to purchase and/or download 3D modeling software so that they can create their own models. Here are a few different programs that allow people to create their own: Blender Autodesk Maya Cinema 4D 3D Studio Max

10. BLENDER - SOFTWARE Blender is an open source program which is a good for amateurs who are wanting to get into animation and modelling, with easy interfaces and for the simple reason that it’s free, so anyone can upload a tutorial on how to use it for anyone to learn. This image to the right shows the interfaces within blender, everything seems to have it’s place and it looks somewhat neat. It’s also customizable, so you can rearrange tabs to your own liking.

11. AUTODESK MAYA Autodesk Maya is a professional piece of software that is commonly used for creating video games, It can be used for 3D Modelling and Animation as well, Some people prefer to build a base model and improve it within some software called Zbrush. Autodesk Maya allows the user to create 3D Modelling, Texturing, Rendering, Dynamics & Effects (Hair, fur, Particles, nCloth) and 3D Animation.

12. CINEMA 4D S O F T WAR E Cinema 4D is a professional software used for various things, ranging from architecture to engineering. On to the MAXON website - below is an image of what the program can be used for. Cinema 4D looks to have a less complex UI, so it's probably suitable for new comers to 3D modelling, however I cannot include my own opinion as I have not used the program before. However I do have an image of the UI. There are also courses dedicated to teaching the software to people who are interested in it.

13. GEOMETRIC THEORY 3D Polygon Models Made Up Mesh Construction Common Primitives Textures Bump Mapping Render Time

14. 3D POLYGON MODELS MADE UP Vertexes are pin points where edges intersect. A face is the surface inside of the edges, these can be quadratic, or can be triangulated. Edges are single lines – Maya has a feature that allows to user to create a polygon with as many edges as they want, they can change it later using a split tool to cut it up and create more faces. When extruding edges it’s likey you’re going to want to get the vertexes as close to one another as you can, and merge them to make it one whole object.

15. MESH C ON ST R U C T IO N Box modeling is when the user starts out with a single cube and then manipulates and subdivides the cube to turn it into the shape they desire. Although this method is quick and easy to learn it's not easy to add immense detail . Sculpting is when the user starts out with a sphere and manipulates it by pulling and pushing around vertexes and creating subdivision layers, a lot like the sculpting of clay, hence the name. Z-brush is a great software for sculpting .

16. COMMON PRIMITIVES Common primitives are the basic shapes that a most commonly used in 3D modeling, common primitives are included within most 3D software, these include: Cube Flat Pane Pyramid UV Sphere Isometric Sphere Cylinder Torus - Ring And in some cases Helix – Spring

17. TEXTURES Textures don’t come in all shapes and sizes however they do come in different… shiny-ness? There are 4 main textures in Autodesk Maya, Blinn, Phong, Phong E, Lambert – Autodesk Maya allows the user to change the glow, transparency and reflectivity, there are other options that can be changed to get the desired effect, for instance, glass or water.

18. BUMP MAPPING Bump mapping is an option to give a texture more “oomf”, by giving a texture a bump map it will allow the user to add depths to textures, it’s mapped out by using image files. Bump mapping is great as it doesn’t take as long as individual polys but still gives the desired effect. As seen here, I have used Minecraft textures again to show how bump mapping works and looks.

19. RENDER TIME Depending on the amount of fine detailing on models will effect render times, if a animated film is on a deadline and their animation takes too long, they could miss their deadline.

20. ADVANTAGES Work Efficiently and Save Time Execute Control and Accuracy Avoid Costly Mistakes Keep Clients Happy DISADVANTAGES The software itself can be expensive so initial costs are high.

21. The equipment, whether laser or photo, is becoming lighter, more effective, less expensive and easier to manipulate. The software is becoming more automatic and can be turned to in more and more complex situations. It can be used today on sites which would have until recently been thought of as impossible to work with. However, never-ending progress in the field of computer science means that this type of complexity can now be processed. CONCLUSION

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