407504073-Vi-163006.pdf department of electrical

Course Learning Outcomes (CO):CO 1-Select appropriate green fuels for various applications that consider environmental sustainability.TLO 1.1: Explain the concept of green fuels, including their benefits and advantages.TLO 1.2: Differentiate between the various classes of green fuels based on their sources and production methods.TLO 1.3: Describe different types of green fuels derived from plants.1.1 Green Fuels:Introduction to Green Fuels:Green fuels are energy sources derived from renewable and environmentally friendly sources. Unlike fossil fuels, they emit lower greenhouse gases (GHGs) and are often carbon-neutral or carbon-negative.These fuels include:1) Biofuels (Biodiesel, Bioethanol)2) Hydrogen Fuel (Green and Blue Hydrogen)3) Synthetic Fuels (E-Fuels)4) Algae-Based FuelsFig 1.1: Introduction to Green FuelThe increasing concerns about climate change, air pollution, and energy security have led to the development of green fuels. They offer a cleaner alternative to traditional fuels by reducing carbon emissions, improving air quality, and promoting sustainable energy solutions.Characteristics of Green Fuels:Green fuels possess unique properties that make them sustainable alternatives to conventional fossil fuels. Their characteristics contribute to environmental protection, energy security, and economic benefits. Below are the characteristics of green fuels:1. Renewable and Sustainable: Bio-based materials are derived from natural and renewable sources such as plants, organic waste, and synthetic processes. Unlike fossil fuels (such as petroleum, coal, and oil), which are finite, these resources can be continuously replenished, making them a more sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative.2. Low Carbon Emissions: Bio-based fuels emit less CO₂ and NOx than petroleum fuels, helping to combat climate change and reduce the carbon footprint for cleaner, more sustainable energy.3. Environmentally Friendly: Bio-based fuels release less SOₓ and NOₓ, improving air quality, and lessen the need for harmful extraction like drilling and mining.Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education 1Emerging Trends in Mechanical Engineering (315363)4. Biodegradable and Non-Toxic: Green fuels like biodiesel and ethanol are biodegradable and less toxic than fossil fuels, making them safer for ecosystems, storage, and handling.5. Diverse Sources and Production Methods: Green fuels come from diverse sources like biomass (e.g., biodiesel), electrolysis (hydrogen), and waste conversion (synthetic fuels from CO₂), and ensuring flexible, sustainable production.6. Compatibility with Existing Infrastructure: Many green fuels can be used with minimal changes to existing engines and fuel systems, often blended with conventional fuels—for example, ethanol with gasoline and biodiesel with diesel.7. High Energy Efficiency: Green fuels like hydrogen and synthetics offer high energy density for efficient performance and can be personalized for transport, power hsjsnha

1. A
Seminar On
‘’ELECTRIC VEHICLE’’
Department of electrical Engineering
Presented by :-Vishal Dagade.

2. Outlines:-
•Introduction
•History
•Importance of Electric vehicle
•Architecture of Electric Vehicle
•Various parts of Electric vehicle
•Working of Electric vehicle
•Types of EVs : 1) Hybrid electric cars
2) Battery Electric cars
•Electric cars in India
•Life span of electric cars
•Advantages & Disadvantages of EVs
•Positive outcomes on environment
•Conclusion

3. INTRODUCTION :-
•Electric vehicle are automobile, which are powered
by the electric engine and electric engine.
•The development of the electric vehicle is a very
perspective important process.
•EV’s are vehicle that are powered by an electric
motor instead of an internal combustion engine.

4. History :-
•The history of the EV’s began in the mid-19
th
century.
•1832: Robert Anderson invents a non-rechargeable
electric carriage .
•1835: Thomas Davenport builds the first practical
Electric vehicle.
•1976: General Electric was chosen to construct a
parallel-hybrid sedan, and Toyota built its first hybrid
car.

5. GERMAN ELECTRIC CAR, 1904.

6. The Importance of Electric vehicle :-
•Electricity is cheaper than gas.
•Electricity can come from renewable resources such
as solar and wind power.
•Electric cars pollute less than gas-powered cars.
•Electric cars are much more reliable and require less
maintenance than gas-powered cars.
•Cheapness in amount of fuel consumed .
•Help to reduce greenhouse emission.

7. Architecture of electric vehicle:-

8. Parts of electric vehicle :-
•Battery
•Charger
•Power controller
•Electric Motor: 1) Ac Motor
2) BLDC
•Clutch
•Transmission driveshaft
•Wheels

9. WORKING:-
•The driver presses the accelerator
which in turn sends the signals to
the controller.
•When fully accelerated, maximum
voltage to the motor.
•On releasing the accelerator, no
voltage is supplied.
•Two potentiometer are connected.
•When both potentiometer shows
same deviation , voltage is supplied
further and car moves.

10. TYPE OF ELECTRIC CARS:-
•HYBRID ELECTRIC CAR

11. •Uses a small electric battery to support the internal
combustion engine.
•Provide increased fuel efficiency.
•Battery is recharge by both gasoline engine and
regenerative braking.
•Regenerative braking captures kinetic energy to
charge the batteries when the driver push the brakes.

12. •BATTERY ELECTRIC CARS:

13. •Battery electrical vehicles all electric.
•No internal combustion engine.
•needs large recharge time (7-8 hours).
•Car halts when the battery dies.
•In order to run 80 plus miles, it requires a large
battery that is, 18kWH to 36kWH.

14. ELECTRIC CARS IN INDIA:-
•Companies like Mahindra, Toyota have launched
electric cars in India.
•Mahindra launched the first model of EV Revaback
in the late 1990s.
•However efforts have been made to improve the
power and luxury of the car.
•In November 2011, RevaNXR was launched which
could run 160 km when fully charged.

15. LIFE SPAN OF ELECTRIC CARS:-
•Different type of electric cars have different life
spans.
•Battery EVs can run for 5 years or 1,00,000 miles
before disintegrated.
•The hybrid electric cars have longer life span due to
continuous recharging from the internal combustion
engines and batteries.

16. COMPARISION :-
Parameter Electrical Cars CombustionCars
Energy Electricity produced by
batteries.
By combustionof fossil
fuels and petroleum
Price Slightlyhigher due to
expensive batteries.
Cheaperthan that of electric
vehicles due to cheaper
parts.
PollutionDoesn’t produce harmful
emission and contributes
in clean air.
Produceharmful carbon
emission therefore polluting
the air.
Running
cost
Running cost is low due to
lesser number of parts.
Highdue to more number
of parts and replacement of
oils, etc.

17. ADVANTAGES:-
•Cheaper to run because of low rates of electricity than
petrol.
•Zero harmful emission, better for environment.
•Nearly 100% recyclable batteries.
•Reduces noise pollution.
•Can be recharged almost anywhere in urban areas.

18. Disadvantages:-
•Time required to recharge the batteries is more.
•Lesser charging stations.
•More expensive than combustion engine car.
•The batteries provided are quite heavy increasing the
net weight of the car.

19. POSITIVE OUTCOMES ON ENVIROMENT :-
•Electric cars contribute to cleaner air.
•Reduced carbon emission hence less air pollution.
•Produce 27% less carbon(monoxide and dioxide) than
combustion engine.

20. CONCLUSION:-
•Electric vehicles has reduced carbon emission
significantly in then area where it is used .
•It restores the balance of ecosystem to some extent .
•The future of Electric Vehicle is bright.

21. THANK YOU