414291208 world-class-1 a-workbook-pdf

world-class-1 a-workbook-pdf

1. NANCY DOUGLAS
JAMES R. MORGAN
AAA 4

2. World Class

EXPANDING ENGLISH FLUENCY

NANCY DOUGLAS | JAMES R. MORGAN

A+ CENGAGE

NATIONAL
GEOGRAPHIC
LEARNING Learning

3. The Great Energy

N
A

4,
>
3

The World's a Stage,

Challenc
|

iii
No Need to Panic, 48

aus

FLIA

VOCABULARY

Win he words mes
atom

GRAMMAR

Raven of Fst ese

LISTENING
New Fary Tee webste

Prodan: ing and
| slogan

rosario
notons

Pronuneistion:
Suez rang th
pretaes and sues

Tie of ne
ed Gunde

Rang too og

nena

Pronunciation:
Hetero and ses sit

DOTE ES

Ten ee date

rte Conglemens
Dosage vers, want
sets, levis, a
sate verb

menear
and min.

Pepe ño Fares
thes

CES

Fees ne needa pane

Relive Causes wth
Sloper Relate Pronouns

Pronunciation
‘eave ces

Cometa
sheppng mai

4. READING

Cleopatra: The Sete or e
Last Queen of Emi

WRITING

Vie personal atmen as
pat fan applet

statesy:
rang à personal statement

SPEAKING

nee tobe à a
monster

statesy:
Responding to questions

e Human may re

Tavera restado ites descipive paragraph | Create a ack Ist of tgs annee See Le
Anime winger [about apace youwartte do
Ho Mae
swateay: states:
Free mental image akg suggestions
and ging ace
ae mo he Sun wy [es pese pare | Pesuade an agenee Frans
Gontue usa so energy | at presents and estes your | to male a chonge ars Ousehes
row? pont ew
Strategy State: |
cent ky tis Berg peru
ip Hop Goes Rome Vie a profile ota peson | Anaijang amc ones | songs urder ay Sty
Stagg anger mat | you dni excep) Pie af
State ange Le O osé
Strategy Taking Pos an ons
rapero
eres Dear Day mear [ous saut na Desay Bee
Fo teams compete to each | descbing howto de norman sue
something
stategy
surateny: Reading a compromse
Exe the ss na process
Frey Sho Tetra Sto | Present and defend Ge jour opens RTE
aa lo abouts even |onsargument op and fashion sey | ous voten a
Sen wee not eating hem
strateay: Strategy
ang y sucesta argument. |tecingt someone es

pin vieu

5. World Class 1 Student Book Walkthrough

‘The first half of each unit leads students through guided

Explore a Unit — andcommunicative practice to master target structures

Relevant, high frequency vocabulary
is practiced in contextualized exercises.

Pronunciation boxes offer support
‘and tips as well as cross reference
to full explanation and practice

in the appendix.

The Grammar section allows learners
to refine their grammar skills and practice
the grammar through first controlled and

then open-ended activities,

‘Walkthrough

Clearly stated Unit Outcomes provide a
roadmap of learning for the student.

‘Stunning images and thought-provoking
‘questions encourage learners to think
critically about the unit theme.

Listening activities encourage
learners to listen for and consolidate key
information, reinforcing the language, and
allowing learners to personalize and think
critically about the information they hear.

‘The Connections section allows learners
‘to synthesize the vocabulary and grammar
they have learned through personalized

6. The second half of the unit focuses on skill-building and communication. The
strands build on one another with a final communicative task before Expanding
Your Fluency. For this reason, the order of strands may vary from unit to unit

Learners navigate Interesting and relevant
readings from National Geographic through
pre-, while, and post-reading activities helping
‘them to comprehend the main idea and key
details of the passage.

Learners are encouraged to perform Speaking
‘asks in pairs and groups. Where appropriate,
strategies are provided to ensure students!
successful communication,

‘The Video section brings the world into the
classroom with authentic clips, including
news stories, PSAs, and National Geographic
documentaries

‘The Writing section includes writing models
‘to prompt learners to complete a functional
Piece of writing and also serves as a
‘culminating activity in many units.

‘The Expanding Your Fluency section allows
learners to apply the language they have
learned throughout the unit in real-world
tasks and offers self-assessment checks.

Walkthrough vil

9. Vocabulary

A. Describe the most typical person at your school. Do you fi the description of the “most typical
AL person”? Why or why not? Tela partner

“The typical person in this schools between 19 and 22 years ld. has dark hair.

ambitious needing exceptional eo and resources determine to ind oto to con eran information
Tobe cad out successful the dese to achieve Set outta start nio to do something
something exceptional Statistics numena fas nat ar gathered hgh
| average he normal amount or quality or group of anahenginformation
ing or people trata parta arcteísic a person has
| come up with to suggest or thnk of ande or plan typkal showing the most usual racer ola
person or thing ‘ype sue

| average joo = cor
icone. above = “pare = behavior

B On our planet of seven billion people, who is the most typical human? In an ambitious effort,
scientists set out to list the traits of the most typical human being. Guess what they found.

According to statistics, Ihe average person

1. speaks Spanish/English /Chinese French. 4. has /doesn'thave à cel phone.
26 male female 5. has/does’thave a bank account
3 under 20 / 21-30 / over 30. 6. Ines inabigchy/inasmalsuburb inne county.

‘To determine what the average human being on Earth looks ike, scientists then collected photos of
190,000 of the world's most typical people. After combining the photos electronically, the scientists
“came up with a face that looked like one of the photos on the unit opener. In pairs, discuss: Which
photo is it? ET
How similar are you to the world’s most typical
person? Explain your answer with examples.

10. Grammar
‘A. What do we know about Dans hing station? Match each sentence (1-4) with an explanation (a
Ai ete cart to help you. Explain your answers toa para
© 1 dented Europe fr tuo yo 3, Danas in Era ine 2010

2. Dons gi at thine. 4. Dan hasbeen ign Ege oro je
1.4 a Dantas in Europe na

2 b. Dan doesnt ive in Europe anymore
«Dan may or may not ein Europe now

“TIP Use for (+ period of time) and since (+ a specie
Bai in time) with the perfect tenses 0 desenbe “time
up to now" Use for (but not sine) with the simple past
‘tense for atime period that has come to an end.

Review of Past Tenses

simple past: Use for actions completed in the past ataspecfc - We greduated together
tine (sometimes fered). Use Ume expressions ike» year 269,

este toda, st sure and the coher day Se worked Bn a

past continuous: Use for ongoing past actons that may or may 1 was working al day yesterday.

fot be completed. Use with the smole past to describe what vias

“going on wien the acton inthe simple past occured, av cotos fen ve.

: rete pare
rsa preto cs bj ps actu, ve worked eat
a ony wore di eta no, Mae ou did orgues?
on ant ec.

| presen proc commu: ser paie helen ofan Reco ve been working oo much
Sent stan Eng eve mo anos CNI. sn aan wating for ana

B Read about Liam. Complete each sentence with the correct past form of the
verb in parentheses.
During and after college He (ive in the dorms while he
(aten) __ colege After graduation, he(3. move)
th his parents fora year to save money He 4. Ive
Occupation He (S sta

back in
there ever since

a small business with two other people

when he (6. be) ZAR close) à year ago. Since then,
he (8. wor) or large tech company.
Health He never(9, smoke) In is it. Last yea, he (10. un)

in hs fst marathon
Relationships He (11. met) is wife two years ago. They (12. talk)

about having a baby inthe next year

Where die ive while

Now ask your partner three questions about Liam, Sa quando voler

Now its your turn! In pair, tell each other alittle bit about yourselves, using
the same categories and model language in Activity B

Porn

Who We Are a

11. Listening

“generation the period of ime about hy yeas it kes preserve to save or protect something forte future
for chien to grow up and have their vin families

TEA

A. look at the illustration. Answer the questions with
RL 2 partner.
1. What do you know about your famiy tee? el your
partner wo facts
2. How did you lear that information? How has your
family history been preserved?

Listen to an advertisement for 8 Web ste. Mark ll

B
MR fine statements that are true,
New Family Tree...
[focuses on family statistics and research
lts you upload photos and video.
connect: you with fais ll over the world
allows members to share a tll stores.
enable you to share memories with your relatives ae
Ay 05 degram at shows fay embers
“TIP Listen for words or ideas that are repeated. a ternal
Ta, tha oer qeeratone ate op oe
Repeote information often means hatt nan to youngest eaves a ana tom,

important and you should pay attention.

D What kinds of questions can you answer
AR on the ste? Listen again and complete the
sample questions below. Then choose one

© How does the site work? Listen and number
4) thesteps in the correct order, One steps extra

a. choose a question © and ask your partner about it.

bo send the question to someone oe
—« gin a ~
4. pay a membership fee 2. Who was your

+. write an answer tothe question

fe read the answer tothe question 3. Whats your favorite

4, Have you ever
PRONUNCIATION Notice that the pitch of your voice _ ?
should dop at the end of these questions. See page 144 for 5. Wet is a memory from jour chilhood that

more information on intonation a

12. Video

A. You are going to watch the video The Human Family
Tree. Complete the sentences withthe correct options.

ancestors determine generations setting out

Soentsts are (1)_____ to answer some questions. On a
‘ingle street in New York City, they are colecting DNA samples
‘rom people from al ver the world including Thailand,

Ecuador, Africa, and the Caribbean. They ae vying to use the
DNA to come up with some answers about the past, Wil the
scientists be abe to use the samples to trace back each persons.
(2) many)... and) _ where they came rom?
And wil they ear anything about the “human famiy tree"?

Answer these questions with a partner

eo

1. Why ae the scientists doing DNA tests in New York City?
2. What do you think they wil learn about the “human family tee"?

© Watch the video. Decide if each statement is true or false. Then,

I correct the false sentences to make them true. Explain your

Ap. answers to a partner,
2. A key human question is: "Where are my ancestors?" Tue Fale
2. Typically, we can trace our family te back one or two generations. Tue False
3. ONA testing takes us back up to twelve generations. Tue Fabe
A. We each cary a kind of genetic historic document inside us Tue Fake
5. Our ancestors adapted to diferent cultures. me Fale
6. At tre genetic level, we ao basicaly identical. Tue Fase

D_ summarize the video in your own words. Use these questions to help you.

What was hapoering? A à

10 was leading the study, an io
Who was leading the study, and why id they doi 7 Aver) Woda tet

What did they discover?
participating in this stay?
‘what were people hoping o find out? Why or vi not?

Who We Are 5

13. Reading

A
&

Read the title of the passage and look at the photos
With a partner, make alist of everything you know
about Cleopatra, Then read the passage. How many
of your ideas were mentioned in the article?

Next to each statement, write the correct letter (7 £
or P). Underline the information in the passage that
helped you choose your answers.

T= defintely we P = posse, ut not 100% certain
F2 defnitl fase

n

emo

Br

grosor | FON

pere II cleopatra’ kingdom at
1 wast it queen, _ 5 ha four ce. restes extent 3431 BC
I 2 was creck — 6. wasted ay snake

3, wos vetredcaes — 7. was honored y tr Romans tech death

A vs beato women, 8. sue nea the cy of land

Why are these numbers and dates important to Cleopatra's life and the search for her? Write your

answers on another piece of paper.

ect 4 wD aasce

Use the information in Exercises B and Cto summarize Cleopatra’ life.

Make a list of 4-6 ages, numbers, and dates that are important
in your life. Use them to tell a partner about “who you are.”

It's time to step out of your own identity and into someone

else. Get into a small group of 3-5 people. One person
TV talk show host who interviews popular celebrities, The

others are today’s guests on the show; you can choose from

«Cleopatra, her brother Ptolemy, Julius Caesar, and Marc
Antony. You are going to create a 2-3 minute role-play.

3OBCE 39000,

Fist, come up with 5-6 interesting questions to as the show's

guests. Decide how each guest would respond, Use information

from the reading and your imaginations to helo you.
+ Present your role-play to another group.

ko

‘Answer Jhat do you think of Cleopatra? Do you admire her?

—,

14. ‘The deadlly snake sat In its case. “Bring
me the basket!” Cleopatra ordered her
servants, Roman soldiers were invading!
her country, and the queen of Egypt would
rather die than live as a prisoner. Cleopatra
picked up the snake and let it bite her.
Within minutes, she was dead.

‘This story bas been told for centuries. But did it
realy happen? Like so much about Cleopatra, no one

15 knows for sure

Teen Queen

We know litle about Cleopatra, bt some information
shout her has survived. We know, for example that
she was born in 69 BCE oa Greck family who ruled

Egypt for mear three hundred years. Growing up in
Alexandra, Cleopatra studied scence and auth. She
leo learned to speak several languages, including Greek,
Latin. and Egyptian.

“Cleopatra (et)
in one of the few
images that stil
nits of het

By the ime she became queen a age 18, Faypt—
28 one ofthe words richest nations—was in trouble. The
Roman Empire was planning to invade. Cleopatra
as ao at war with her younger brother, Pole To

stop im, Cleopatra persuaded? the Roman general
Jul Casa to hop hr, With Caesar help, Cleopatra
defeated her bother Caesar leo helped Cleopatra
preserve Egypt independence from Rome
The partners soon became acople and a age 22,
‘Cleopatra had ason After Caesars death in 4 BCE,
Cleopatra met anther powerful Roman, Mare Antony
The pis eventually had re en, and for years they
Hugh to stop Rome from imading Egy Inthe summer
of 30 BCE, hos, Ronse won. Rater han accept feat,
Mare Antony and Cheat ke themes Chops:
ype last paral (ule) vs 3 ye oe

Brasing the Past

After Cleopatra died the Romans invented negative stories
about er and destroyed at wit er image on it They
‘ida want Egyptians to remember thei former queen
(Over tine, eaetaqukes also destroyed buildings and the

so, sex around Alexandra rose, Within few hundred yeas,
most of Ceopatrs word was brie under water Asa
esl, we know very litle about how Cleopata lived oF
exactly ow he did. Although tories often describe her
as beat we dont ely know what she looked ie

“The Seaceh Begins

But this may be changing Today archaeologists have
stared searching the Mediterranean nea Alexandra,
Cleopatra hore So fr they brought up 20000 objets
from the es Many probably existed during Cleopatra

2 Meme

‘On and nearby other aechacologiss have
discovered new tombs, and thee are signs that someone
important may be buried her. "My dream iso finda
statue of Cleopatra” says one explorer. So fr howe
nether search hs located Cleopata-—yet

iowa eng cu tac ea ms
da 1 na or a SD Din 90
rt sy pes ccoo ot

mo. Who We Are

15. Connections

‘A. ead the ad Then discuss with a partner What does a cultural ambassador do? What
A4, Personality tats should a good cultural ambassador have?

Be a cultural ambassador in Australia! _

Australia Cultural Rxonange (ACEX) 10 à Shree month program for poople who
"waa to Enpuove tele Ting ica, Joart: abou: a are, and teca omens
bout thei> Gun: Individuals in the program act as cultural arcbessadors, As.
A pepresentetive cf your county, you wil trevel around Australia and visi
local schools. You'l uk =o others about your ©

infomation and to fll out your srplcatio

B Youare applying for this position. Complete Sections 1-4 (not 5) of the application.

AUSTRALIA CULTURAL EXCHANGE 3

SECTION 1: STUDENT INFORMATION
| Name ist, me, st

Date of bith [7 maladies [

cy 7 Staterteritory
SECTION 2: EDUCATION.
School Location Dates attended Major

SECTION 3: LANGUAGES AND TRAVEL EXPERIENCE |
Languages you speak [ ] Years studied |

Travel experience (domestic or ntermauona) |

SECTION 4: ACTIVITIES

Pease list any activites that you participate in: wor, sports, music et.

activity Years/months doing it Hours each week Awards won

|
SECTION S: PERSONAL STATEMENT
| Why do you want to bea cultural ambassador? Way would you be a good one? Explain which personal ais,
| scan, ks, and pence you have

© Take turns Tell a partner atleast one thing about yourself from each of the first four sections of the
2. application. Then join another pair of students and introduce your partner to them.

unit +

16. ‘Writing a Personal Statement

Writing writing

Strategy _ eq wile mad eran

out he choc compr a aes

‘kn ft aia a. dom ee
, aout pesos ope, Fa est

‘A. Read one students persona statement bos teu races pecs ne nn
ki and amer the question, ya sna Peat hee pate

A Personal Statement

=
want tobe clara ambassador beau im needs min ft prog tasty your soe
me about Astral Talo want to each o 7
Bi bee thst my backround and experenerhave prepared me o as
parate the ACEX program in diferent was Vis (e poeta at re
Tobea god cul ambassade «person oad be nn
Kola aba his aka tick am, Fr exam, ve ben
studying capoeira for he ast thee ea Capos sa Brian at
fe tha combines dance and alt pat ar ght hore
week and Tove Once performed for rp of tour Aer the
performance, they od many quesos out apis and Bra
joe ling them abot both in Engl
Tales hung about ter ares, 10. moondin
Engh ad so sek some Spanish. have reer tae ouside
ean but ve met many people from alle he word rein So
aul. here is enperene as bs prepared me o priate in
thn program.
Tam ey tose outonabigadvesture—to be cll
mbasadorin Austral. kinks important o Jem bos ther
cone customs and 0 share your oa vih he est fhe wold
Tepe th ou vá onde my apn!

Las paragraph: Restate your interest in tre poston.

Did the applicant answer both questions
asked in Section 5 ofthe appkeation on
Would he be a good cultural ambas
Why oF why not?

Now write your own personal statement.

+ Reread Sections 1-4 0f your application on
What information is importan to include
Look back at your ist of waits Exercse A
‘ones describe you? Include them in your state

Exchange papers with another student, Read yout
partners statement, Does lt =

+ anus both questons kein Scion 5 of plc 0
+ follow the Writing Strategy? =

17. Speaking

A Imagine that you work for the ACEX program. You are going to interview people who have applied
to be cultural ambassadors in Australi. Read the questions below. Then look back at the application
‘on page 8 and write six additional interview questions on a separate piece of paper. Remember: you
want to learn about the applicant background, education, skills, and activities in as much detail as
you can. You also want to know why the person wants to be a cultural ambassador.

1. Tellme ite about yourself. Where are

“TIP Here ae some sea promos to hl fot
you from? Have you ever lived or traveled Las hdi

addtional questions.

anpher ee?

2. What are your hobbies? How long have. De.
you been [sing that hab? Wy dd you + Why oid you dec to
decide to doi? 5 + What you learn fom

+ Why's important fo you?
Work in pairs, One of you wil interview + He you eer
the othe, using your questions from
Exercise A. Take notes on your partners
responses Use the expressions in the

Speaking Strategy to help you.

Do you want to be a cultural
ambassador? so, o which county?

Speaking Responding to questions ts common to gt nenousin an tere,

Strategy specaly wren youre asted fu queston To gue yoursel a nie
tie to prepare your answer, in these stages Jus dont overse ham! |

Complimenting the interviewer for asking the question

{Thats a good great queston

Tim gd you asked (me) tht (question,

Showing your experience with te question

Actual, ve been asted that queson several tines / People sk me hat question a.

‘Thats intresting Ive never been asked that before

Repeating the question

Intnviewor: Hav you ever traveled outside your covet?

Interviewee: Have ever traveled outs my country? Wel, no Saver, but

18. Before You Play

RR + Work ina group of four Complete the questions on the game board
+ Take ten smal pieces of paper. Write True) on five pieces ad F (fase) onthe other five, Shuffle the
papers and place them face down in a deck
+ Put your markers on START.

Playing the Game
AR Fina coin. Heads = move one square Tals = move two squares. Read the question on tha square.
‘+ Tum over a piece of paper; don’t show your group. If the paper says T, answer the question truthfully.
las, make o an an, Return the paper ote orto ofthe deck
Each person wil ask you oe olowwup queste t determine os at te th

Finally, each person guess its the ruth o nt. mast people gues correct, you stay where you are.
most people guess incoect, you move forward one space. The fist payer o reach NSH i he winner!

(10 Have you [Ti Whatwereyou 12 What book ae [75 Hoveyou ser [FINISH

ever fe) ring) [you reading now

‘ut of the county? |about wen you J and how long have

wake) __up_| you ad) —
lo

7 what do)
i you do.on
your ist day off? in your fe?

‘> 3. Who were you
sid _— nen to
in dass yesterday?

Check What You Know

Rank how well you can perform these outcomes on a scale of 1-5
(5 being the best.
use past tenses to ask and answer questions about memorable life events
summarize the key outcomes of a study
‘explain and evaluate qualifications
handle challenging questions

19. The World
Awaits

20. go? What

would

Unit Outcomes

In this unit, you will learn to:

21. Vocabulary

When was the last time you went on vacation? Where did you go? What did you do?

A
i
B Read the descriptions of these vacation places. Then answer the questions with a partner.
BR à. vynat senc place known for? What can you do a each?

2. Which place would you most lke to vit? Rank each place in order of preference. Explain your answers.

accessible easy to reach or getinto diverse vated or diferent

dents ago es and getaway lg ay on estonia oyu mae abs many
han ceca Festa Grub and expunsve = tm a aon |
tik voy ent ramo. picturesque trace paca iron | hom Ro ma a
charm he quo being pert otosnned way

‘ia te wr me
Menu tie tom Es

destination the place Joue going to » tranquil aim and peaceful

at ter words come before
destination? Add one more
Final touts ultimate =

| and atractiva remote far away

PRONUNCIATION Notice how a sufi
affects the ies in a wor: luxury > luxurious,
picture > picturesque. See page 145 fr more | Kalaau Valley (Howl) >
information on suis and stress ‘Teale is asset on by
= os man th ses ee ang.
insumo) o y way ans
French Ape Y. tar Ka Tai. Mo
A popa estrato o ser, snowbosrcrs, ot vay sou ee
te and aveo cation of ert
‘nd anal. RS ate 0
Doy om at

‘Antigua, Guatemala D
“Ts color y arouses tt
Scan arecue anton
Sans. Tarta come o Arg br
manta ts

"he porc opto stating your

ran ho ros of county
iter youth Sao nthe y

Think about a popular vacation spot that you know well. Tell

a partner about this vacation spot using the vocabulary from
ae segs the wos Grand Lake à popular vacation destination

ke because its accessbie

this page. Be sure to explain what the destination is known
for and what one can do there

22. Grammar

| Uses of Infinitives and Gerunds

1. purpose nine Last summer went overseas to study English.
2.2 be+ acjctv «infinitive {ras great to experience Hein a smal town.
3.100 + adjectve + infinitive At fis, was toc hon to communicate in English
A. gerunds as subjects Learring the language vas essential.

5. adecive + prepositon + gerund The small own fame fo sling in the winter
and hiking in the summer

| 2 | 6 verb + preposition «gering Hook famard o going Back next year!

Vero + preposition + gerund: dream
bf, loo forward to plan on
{alk about =, think about

adjective + preposition + gerun:
atraido, exted about
knowin famous fr =, intrested in =

A. Read about these two events happening

around the world. Complete the sentences
with the gerund or infinitive form of the
verb in parentheses

Last summer, I went lay witha friend (1. attend)
he Venice International Art Exhibition. I was

wonderful 2. see) — art from a over the word in such

3 beautiful atmosphere, And while (3. vst) —— fer

‘exhibits is entertaining, you could doit al day long. There was

2 lot to see! On days when we were too exhausted (a. continue)
my frend and | woule take a break. We were able to get

ay (5. enjoy) —— some delicious Haan cusine too. Yum

Ive been interested in samba (6. dance) for along time, s (7. vs
de Janeiro on National Samba Day sounds like a loto fun. ist you dance in the central
train station. f you're planning on (8, dance) some more, get on a “party train.”
You may thnk the rain i 100 crowded (9. enjoy) yourse, but theres ive music
and everyone has a great time! The trains destination is the suburban neighborhood of
‘Oswaldo Cruz People go there (10. heer) free concer.

Now write about a place you visited recently. Complete these sentences first and use them as the
basis for a more complete description. Then tell a partner about your tip.

en voto Rues too 4" to … while we were here
les known for Rues great 10
= was the best part of our tip. Iplanon

The World Awaits 15

23. Listening

A How much do you know about China's capital city Bejing?
Choose your answers.

1, What does the name Being mean?
a Etemalliy b. Northern Capital € City of Knowledge
2. The Forbidden City (pictured) sa popular tours destination.
what was it original?
a. a market plce b.alarge cemetery
3. What's the nickname ofthe Stadium Bu fr the 2008
Summer Olympic Games?
a. Power Pale b, Golden Egg

ca palace

Bids Nest

Listen to a walking tour of Bejing. There are eight stops of fl
(On the map, write each location next to (a) in each box.

8
n
A.
Make jour cum abbrevatons or symbol for these
laces bridge, bung, hotel ray museum. plaza
What other paces ight be part ofa walking tou?

“TIP When you have to write information quickly, such
as when you take notes, helps to use abbrewations or
‘symbols For example. Bookstore bist I

©. Listen again and take notes on any interesting facts or things you can do in each place.
GJ Write your notes next to () in each box,

D Using your notes, take turns telling a partner about each place on the walking tour. Say what each
AX Place is and give atleast one fact about it. Which place would you be most interested to visit?

16 unit2

24. Connections

A. You are going to make your own walking tour. Follow the steps below.

1. Which places in your city or area would be interesting for tourists to vst? Uist as many
neighborhoods, streets, or areas as you can,

EZ 2. Work with a partner. Compare your ideas in step 1. Togethe, choose one neighborhood
rara to feature in your waking tou

AR 3. What things can people do and seein this area? With your partner, think of eight ideas
and create a chart using the categories below.

A walking tour of:
CuturalSites Food Shopping Acts

4 Cha pcs emo > On at protegerse
de ante nhac btn an oan hea
tutaj om oo a

RE o
mo pos npn a
en var ee
haare

“TIP Using adjecives can make each place on your tour sound more
Interesting. Thin of adjectives you can use to describe each place.

B Now work with a new partner. Role-play the
AE _ walking tour. Then switch roles and repeat.

‘Tour Guide: Give your map to your partner. Then
start your walking tour

‚Tourist: Listen to your partners walking tour Label
‘ach destination (1-6) on the map. Note any intresting

facts that your partner tls you about each pace

recommend vetting the Nine Streets neighborbood in
Amsterdam Shopping oan adventure hore: you can ind
fverything from Inaricus shops to sine bakeries. Our ==
rat steps at shop that ls famous fort decous I
‘ea ba cml place, always buse flo char and

rover too crowded to it, Step de to lam al about.

‘ea makingin Holand You might interested toknow

thet.

Answer) What was mos interesting about your partners walking tour?
Sn ff Whats something rew you learned about the area?

25. Reading

A
u

mn

You are going to read an interview with singer Jason Mraz. First,
read the interview questions below. With a partner, scan each of
Mraz responses on p. 19. Then write the letter of the question in
‘the box beside each response. (One of the questions is extra)

IA Wat ha real surpived youin D. Tel vs about your book of
your travels? Polaroid? travel photography
B Are there places you haven't been E Is there mare to say about
o yet that you want to visit? your ing?
© How do your travel experiences F What style of traveler are you?

george

influence your music?

Read the interview. Then read the statements below. Which ones apply to Jason Mraz?
1. LI pan everything before go anywhere.

2. ike to wander (walk around without a specific purpose
3. DD Ithink people everywhere are more alice than they ar ifferent
4, D) Hike to write down my experiences.

5. (1 have a new camera so I take as many photos as posible.
6. CI. Youneed to go far anay to have interesting experiences.

Why is each place significant for Jason? With a partner,
discuss atleast one reason for each location.

Pais New York San Diego Japan Antarctica

Find a word or expression

1. in paragraph 1 that means wellknown bulleings or sites
2. in paragraph 1 that means to final arrive somewhere after while
3. in paragraph Y that means 0 hurry

A. in paragraph 1 that means done ina sudden or unplanned way.
5. in paragraph 2 that means shy and nervous.
6
7
8
9.

in paragraph 2 trat means a person ho doesn't belong 0 à group.

in paragraph that means choose very careful; not easy to please. —
in paragraph that means a way of seing or thinking about something. —
in paragraph 5 that means being alone

Ask à
| Answer.) Look back atthe statements in Exercise 8. Which ones ar rue fr you?

mn, ff What are some of your favorite travel memories?

Unit 2

26. by Keith Bellows

x

DO? A spontancous one, wih ite reparacion. pack but witha Polaroid wait find a scene rely want
ig dont fel ned to rush through ll the major to shoot, Look for scenes wit depth ikea long line of
Jndsarks. Like, goto Paris, mig Just take a alk, lampposts Jove ooking up in the trees and at buildings.

‘with no map or tourist in mind

and end up in When your comfortable with place, you forget o lok

neighborhood cote shop gues Tin atrvee who up. New Yorkers eve lok up, Onl the ori do,
lites thik hs not traveling, Thats how ended wp [| Sometimes n ny og wre rm aser
An Sn Dig trace there and found this ges coffee pepective. There are people who never eve ther home
‘hop tht love to make music and ended up staying. ste th lyon travel wing to ep them experience
Ive lied there forte yeas now amor ofthe word Knowing that, alo encourage people
[I tm constant surprised that no mater where go people to explore places
se sil, st ying make? Were al qe and shy neato
inan dao wih or people Before Leve trado commis. Mn
ER tig aie coaster pam lus I guess I'm a traveler
But when Igo there realiza, ob, these arejusthumans Mechanewile, who likes to think

‘over here doing the ame human hing, perhaps with Virginia for ns
lern restes made me ells inidabout going sample tcs NES not traveling.
Places and more abet just wall trough a village in, say, rich wth history

‘Ghana or anywhere els inthe workl—looking ikean Everytime go

‘obvious outsider. Tim comfortable with thst home, do something I mised growing up suchas

DI Toten keep ral journal. just st on the steps visting a histori bates
Somewhere and wre. A journal that [bought isthe)» Tvealways wanted

tke a cruise to Antarctica to sce

best souvent lv me to rele my memories a that continent. That would be just brian for
Places around the world. Atone point started 1 travel mature, solitude, and for writing the journal orally
‘wth Polaroid 600 instant camera ou just napa see the word, you should visit all seven continents and

picture and pt tight in with any journal entry. With tbatisth only one have not bee to
à Polaroid, you never know what youl gt Because eee

Polaroid fl iso rare and igh expensive Ibecame ma 1b smn lo sai rating eut
‘very particular about what [shot With digital camera [Pid type ame re a don ete

: amp api se pot
Tight take à hundeedpituresinamalterofminuten, "bald à par wr 92 ten ami es otr

‘The World Awaits 19

27. Speaking pera

of personal ost or things you wa
odor acomplia you He

A. Read the note in the box about a bucket list. Then create your
own list on a separate sheet of paper using these categories. Write at least one goal for each category.

Travel Hobbies and interests Et fe

eal want ro elt Egypt and see

B Workwith a partner to get advice on your bucket it. Follow the steps below
BE Then switch roles and repeat the activity

s Te your partner a ttle about
your goals. Explain how you plan to

speaking MtngSeenetons/

Strategy

accomplish each one.

Wayne Student 2: Usten to you
Have you thought about (gerund). and ask questions abot

You takes about (gerund). your partner advice. Use Ihe expression
Accepting Advice the box to hel

“hanks, Tats a good ideo

OK get yt Student 1: Take notes on the advice your
That makes sen, partner gives you. You can acceptor
‘Questioning Advice ‘question the adver

sure that would work for me

Repeat Exercise B with two new partners.

D Share your findings with the cass or ina small group.
138 Answer the questions.

1. What was the best advice you got? Why was it
good advice?

2. Which of your classmates goals di you
ink was the most interesting?

28. Video

A You are going to watch a video about a street in Spain
Barcelona called Las Ramblas. Fis, listen to the audio
{without watching) and think about these questions: 4

1. What do you tink the street looks Ike? Describe itn as
much detal as you can.
2. How do the speakers fel about Las Ramblas? x a

B Discuss your answers to the questions with a partner.
{kg Then watch the video and check your answers.

=
© What do the four speakers say about Barcelona and Las Ramblas? Watch the video again and match
E each speaker with a statement (a-f) For some speakers, more than one answer is possible

In some ways, performing outside is beter than in the theater
Theres diverso theater and music from all over the world here

There something happening at any time of day.

My life improved when | moved Pere from my county

H you want to have fun, is is the best street... maybe inthe whole word,
he action is out on Ihe sees,

‘What did each speaker say that made you choose your answers in Exercise C? Watch the video
‘again and list the key words and phrases you hear from each speaker on a separate sheet of

eu you I 1 ist Las Raa? wy hyn?

‘The World Awaits 21

29. Writing

A Descriptive Paragraph

A

Read the blog post. Then complete the steps that follow.

Abram Recommends: Las Ramblas

Las Ramblas an interesting ara in Barcelona that
attracts thousands of vistors every day. A number of
tings make Las Ramblas a favorite ofboth tourists
and locals, The wie streets, for example, are ine
wth tres aná picturesque bung that are hunted
‘of years od. In many places, the ground is decorated

à
8

c
ë
22

‘wth colorful tie and mosaics." La Rambla is lso
known forts ney and festive atmosphere, Diverse
groups of performers from all ver the word fil the
Streets Day and night, the area salve with people
singing and dancing and ait sling ther goods.
And finaly, near Las Ramblas is one of Barcelona

largest produce markets: La Boqueri, Its the perfect place to pick up a snack

Las Ramblas has something for everyone, but the streets can be crowed with touts, particular in the
summer Parts of Las Ramblas can also be a bit seedy at night. Although i's best to avoid this area afte dark,

‘era Las Ramblas ia safe and entertaining area of the ci highly recommend it

1. Complete the statements below with information from the reading,

‘Things in Las Ramblas you can .

see lors of people picturesque bula use >
hear — vi =

2. Which adjectives does the write use to deserbe Las Ramblas? Circle hom in the paragraph Wich ones are
postive? Which have negatwe meaning? Compare your answers with a partner

Read the information in the Writing Strategy. Then complete the steps that follow.
1. Think of an interesting place in à city or town you know wel (a tee, restaurant, beach, or other location).
2. Wire statements ike those in Exercise A with information about your place. Aso lst relevant adjectives

3. Use your nates to write a blog ent of your place on a separate pece of paper.

Writing Ereste a Mental image When you desobe something is important to show end rot st el
Strategy your reader nlommaion For example, dont st say apace s beaut or ieresg, plain
‘What makes that way, You an elp you rece salas something by doing the flown:
1. Us ajecies and dert phrases. OX: There are many tees and old using in Las Ramblas Beter The
wide ret ar ined vat teas and peeuresqe Biking hat are hundrece of years al.
2, Deserve something in more detal vih an extra sentence or two Las Ramblas 5 ao nor fr ks ively a
festive atmosphere Diverse grous of performers fom a over the word il te sets

‘Exchange papers with another student. Does your partners writing follow the Writing Strategy?

nit2

30. What kind of traveler are you? Mark the activities in 1-7 that apply to you. Then answer question 8.

‘when im on vacation, Iwant to.
‘get away from the ty and relaxin a wanaull spot
‘sleep late and read
spend some time ata hnurious spa.
90 sightseeing everyday.
study or learn something.
do alot of shopping.
try the local cuisine.
at are two actes you ike o do on vacation?

Work with a partner, ‘

“tourist: You are on vacation in an exotic city, You need help setting your itinerary for the next two days. Ask
the concerge* of your hotel for advice on what to see and do in the area. Use your information from Actnity
A 10 get you started, Respond tothe concierge’ advice by accepting, questioning, or refusing

Hotel Concierge: You are a concierge. One of your guests needs helo planning an itinerary for the
next two days Ask about his or her interests. Suggest places o visit and things todo in te area,
Describe in deal each place you mention.

Change roles and repeat Activity 8.

‘Yes. im visting fora couple of days and m looking for things o see and do,

y

Check What You Know

Rank how well you can perform these outcomes an a scale of 1-5
(S being the best).
use descriptive language effectively
use gerund and infinitive structures to describe experiences
make travel recommendations
give, accept, and question advice

31. The Great
3 Energy Chall@fee

32. 1 Do you know what these energy
sources are? Use your dictionary
Lo look up any unfamilar words
Of the four, which one produces.
the most energy worldwide
today? Which ones produce
sale, clean energy?

a. solar panels

lb à nuclear reactor
€ awind turbine
de ancl ig

2 Read the unit title What do you
think an “energy challenge” 5?

3 What energy challenges isthe
world facing now?

Unit Outcomes

In this unit, you will learn to:

+ reine your use of future tenses

+ identify the pros and cons of
‘express an opinion and gve
‘examples to suppor it

persuade an audience to make
2 change

33. Vocabulary

consume tos, especial in ge mounts reverse 0 cause something to move vest fs
eliminate to remove someting erty the oppose icon Grue
entrete who of smeting run ou to ue someting (up comp | EM rar
Senerate to make or produce source te origin staring ac of something

projecto prit supply to ave an amount: re

rely ono depend on or se tananabla og lang or ood for

residents the people who We ina ceran _ theenwronment
place house, reghbotheo, cy, etc)

PRONUNCIATION Notice that these two Words
Bae ee

A. Read the energy statistics, Use the They prolECT a 10 percent increase by 2020
Mr band PA joa: Did any a he For mote information on heteronyns ad sisi
information surprise you? Why? ee page |
\

ie

$ vin words tom he I o wth energy? Complete the

Word Partnership box.

© Discuss these questions with a partner.

&

Wich energy sources does your country ej on the most?
Ae tere energy sources we should elminate from our day-to-day
Do you beeve tat oil eventual run put compete? Wy or why OU) T
at one thina you or your community kan do to consuma es energy?

Do you think we can reverse the effects o global warming? Why ory 0k?

34. Grammar

A. Choose the best answer() for items 1-4. More than one option may be possible. Then explain your
AY answers to a partner
1. A: Do you want to see 2 movie? can this evening
atin studying ba € rm going to study

2. Experts think he cos of solar power __ decrease in the future.

ing to wi
38.1 xa you when get resi beet you wen get beak
4. ARDS time tomorow, 10 Asia
evel be reino
Review of Future Forms
Fra going to tale the TOEFL no Satay.
Fm taking te TOEFL nent Saturday"
By 2040, tere are going to be cr 3 bien people
on anh

y 2040, there wl be over 8 bilion people on Earth
FI call you tonight after get home. I won't forget.

‘ihn ten yea, Germany wl be using less oi and more
renewable sources.

B Complete this quiz with an appropriate future form of the verb in parentheses. Then ask and answer
{the questions with a partner.

1. Which country (consume) the most a. whieh county {eur 50 percent of
energy inthe nea Future? {hak cars on ethanol (fuel made from com) in
aChna bind che United States te future?

2. Which county ave the largest per ee CURE Et
person energy consumption this year? 5. Global energy demand vil (increase)
a.Carada—b.Rusia € South Area as the population increases How

much of that increase (come from

3. What county (comino) to generate
the most geothermal energy?
a.eelandb, Cosa Res e the United States

"here counties n te wore?
27 parent 5.17 pecan € 27 percent

© Discuss these predictions with a partner, Do you agree withthe statements?
Bathe future.
Fewer people willbe ring gas-powered car. My county going tobe oi independent
More people wi ty on nuclear eng Your ov ites

‘The Great Energy Challenge 27

35. Listening

JA took at hes two groups of ets nbd hat do hey mean? Discs pure
a 1m going to reduce my work week from forty hours to thirty
Mines Sow etn once
2 | oxo eur arco ald ma oma
RS coc one mt

You're going to listen to the introduction to a TV program. What do you think it's about?
Tella partner. Then listen and complete the sentence in your own words,

Dro

The program Our Green lane wil be following everyday people as they

Listen to each person. Check (4) the energy-saving actions that they are taking.

Da

‘The Novak family ‘Tho Noguchi family ‘The Perez fami

use abioyde instead ofacar Cunplug all elven applances 11 carpool to die together
for short tros day with ote

reduce ar vavel © change the temperature settings buy ony locally made products

1 grow ther ou food on the refigeato use alar energy far heating
DD hang éothes to dy water or cooling

D Look at the items in Exercise € that you didn't check. Why doesn't the family do these things?
‚fü Listen again and take notes using the pattern below. Then explain your answers to a partner.
a

amy doesn't because

Ask à
"Answer Mr Noguchi counted the electronic appliances in his hora. How many ate
JF ‘your home? tn the then? nthe ing room? In your bedhoom?

unit 3

36. | Connections

A Read through the survey alone and underline any words you don't know. Then discuss
Ak. the survey asa class. Can your classmates explain the unfamiliar words to you?

| DU READY TO GO ON AN ENERGY DIET?

inate at least thee chemical housecleaning products.
_— Buy only local made or grown products,
Resist the urge 10 buy an tem that you don't use often.
Eat a vegetaan det one day a week

Give up at east one procesed food that you normaly est
‘Use public transportation atleast the times à we.
‘Unplug phone charges when they are notin use.

1
2.
3
4
5. Grow your own food,
6
1.
8
8. —— Give up botties water fr tap water

10, Tam oft the tap when you'e brushing your teeth
11, __— Recyde all lass, aluminum, plastic and paper.
12. Eliminate the use cf plastic and paper bags

‘when Shopping

B Working alone, take the survey above, Write
the letter ofa statement below (a, b € d)

next to each item in the energy diet survey. pr
a. do this area €. m going to do this someday in the future.
try todo this inthe next mont. dl. Ican'tdo is. seems passe

Compare your answers with a partner. How similar or different are you?

Look at your b and ¢ answers in the energy diet survey. Complete these sentences and talk about
your personal energy diet plan.

moro

Starting this weekend, one change make is
After make my frot change -

When get discouraged about sticking to my energy det, Im going to

By this time next year think bo — E

The Great Energy Challenge 29

37. Reading

>

#0

Take the quiz and compare ideas with a partner,
Then scan the reading to check your answers

SOLAR ENERGY Quiz

The sun generates more energy than
humans can use
Word, mos electricity produced

using ola energy
Solar energy generates alot of polation.

4, Solar energy can only be used in place.
that get alot of sulight al year

‘Why aren't we using solar power more? List some
of your ideas. Then read the passage to check
your answers.

Read the passage again. On a separate
‘of paper list at least two advantages and two
disadvantages of each method of gathering solar
‘energy (steam generation and PV panels).

Reading
Strategy

Identifying key dels The arde
compares tuo was of gather
solr energy AS you read, watch fo
keywords Ike advontage dsachantone, drank,
however, although and or the other hand elo
you entity key deta

Use your answers from Exercise € to act out this
role-play.

1. Studant A: Imagine that you work fo a solar
energy company, You need to persuade the mayo
cof your y o invest mare money in solar power.
Give two or three reasons why this à good ides.

Student B: Listen to your partners argument a
ask at least wo questions about the disadvantages.
Did your partner convince you to invest more

2. Sitch roles and practice agan.

‘Our sons the most ponía source af energy on
Earth. Worldwide, huma» use about 16 erat
‘of energy a ear The sun produces 120,000
Rent anally mise more thas W

Today, though, solar powers used very itl; le
ess than one-tenth ff percent (01%)
ofthe word eect each yea.

gene

Why dont we use solar power more? To
answer this question. important to understand
the two main ways we gather energy fom the

sun Te! to place ft, computer guided

iron in id. The mirrors focus sunlight onto

receiver ona tower and this produces seam.
The steam shen used to produce electri. The
second way of gathering energy fom the sun isto
‘we PV (photovoltaic) panels. The panes collect,
sunlight and conver into electricity Most

people have een PV par
‘ones ace also on sore handbet calculators.
Both wap o gathering solar energy hi

38. Plugging Into

"SUN

with more energy than we ne

generals "lan" energy that produces very

potion, However, the steam generaron method”
more ficient han the PV parelm

rd becouse

it converts more sang intorleiicio: There
generation method requires à loto open space,

I fr example, big ld). Long cable ar lo
needed to trnsmi the power fom an open space o
the city which an be expeasive. PV panel, o the
ther hand, can easy be placed on rotos where
the power is needed, There so extra cos to transtit
the energy in this va

Both methods have a

advantage: they
are unable 10 produce enough energy when is cloudy

Engineer are working on

his problem, For

ong pope na re ee
source of energy mist rely un batterie at night or
wen the weathers bad

One of soar energy biggest drawback is
cost BV

Isar sl very expensive to bay, Ia
some places though, people ar arning their money

back, Wolfgang Schnürer

es in Freiburg, Germany
He porters his home using solar energy In he winter,
the panels on the roof of Schnürer apartment donot
produce enougiren

panels an generate more energy thao h and his family

But on sunny dayin May dre

‘consume. When thi happens, Schnürer can el the extra

er back othe energy company ta hs ey In 2008,

Ihe made 2.0 eucs ($3,700) fron the extra power his
solar panes generated.
Despite the challenges, solar ene

increasing worldwide, In Germany Japan, and the
United sates, governments re trying to make solar.
power more affordable fo everyone. And as people find

hey can save money and even make money—
sing solar power, the numberof couiries using thie
«energy source wil surely grow

‘The Great Energy Challenge st

39. Video

A. inthis video, you are going to meet Lauren, a Greenpeace activist

Read about Greenpeace below. Have you ever heard of it? one Paine [he ced
‘af something

ganization in the wor. TE

(Greenpeace is the largest environmental

it works to protect our oceans and forests and stop global warming, 2 siuetion

Greenpeace actists (people who work to achieve social or poitial | roadblock a stuation or condition
change) sometimes take the initiative in effecting changes instead of PP
working with poftial leaders, even to the extent of breaking the la Gt

B Watch the video once through with the sound off. What energy issue isthe video about?
EI Then wateh the video with the sound on and check your ideas,

© Watch and answer these questions by completing each blank with the correct word,

= ‘What is the problem? (1). 2)

een 3) (0

__ energyis someting the United States has
Way 100 long

What does Lauren think is a basic human right? Having (5) 6

at has the plant been doing? (7) signi

1 amount of (8) _to the community

at does the community want to do? They want 0 (6) the coal pant (10) an

Watch again and answer these questions. if an answer isn’t given, write “NM” ("not mentioned”

go

1. Whats Lauren deeply concerned about? 3. What does Lauren say the plant is a roadbock to?
2. How does Lauren fel about the plant? 4. According to Lauren, what can people do to stop the plant?

E Discuss these questions with a partner

AR 1. Doyou tints sometimes al ight to get peop 10 make changes without nvoing the proper authorities?
2. Lauren sas, “Sometimes we need te be ages ourselves” Do you agree wit this statement?
3. Lauren s protesting atthe pant in Brgepon, Conecta What other things could people in that
community o o shut down the pant?

N 2 ai = = = Pee = 4
Stop the Great Lakes Disappearing Act

STOP GLOBAL WARMING ++

A GREENPEACE

40. Writing
A Persuasive Paragraph

A Read the paragraph. Then answer the
AR. questions with a partner.

a Bulb, Save the Planet

Everyone want fo sve energy and protect the environment. Now
you can do both by using CFL. bulbs instead of reglar bulbs in your
home, chssroom, or office. How will hi help? For one thing, according.
to National Geographic Lightbulb Buying Guide, CFL bulbs use almost
75% les energy than regular bus. When we use es energy o light room,
‘we generateles CO, Tis helps the environment. In addition, because CFL bulbs
useless energy, youl save los of money on your electric bil ve time. So remember:
“regalar bulb vil light your home. However, a CFL bulb will help you save energy,
spend lesson electric, and improve the cavironment
Yon can make a différence!
“TIP The writer uses specific fats o support
LE vis pont. He tes ns source by using the words
according to
1. Whats the main goal of ths paragraph?
3.10 compare two ser things
lo explain why you should do something
€ 10 describe the pos and cons of something

2. What two benefits are discussed inthe poragrach? Which words introduce these ideas?

B Road the Writing Strategy. What do you notice
about the words that follow instead of, rather Writing Being persuasive To encourage people

than, and by? Strategy none ing ie anto

1 instead ot Ather than si regu ight bus,

© You want to encourage people to change ere See too

something they are doing now. Use the 2. By wing CFL bus Insaad of / rather than (ano)
structures in the Writing Strategy and the regular bubs, youl save energy
information below. Write each sentence in
two ways.
You waste energy when you You save energy when you
1 dre everwhere. fide a bike
2, throw away paper and plastic recycle paper and plastic
3. oti bottled water. eink fered wate.
4, always keep all electronic plugged in unplug elcronics when you'e not using them.
5. Your idea: — Your idea: —

instead of driving, ile a bike sometimes. / By ring abike sometimes Instead of Aring youl!aave energy

‘The Groat Energy Challenge 33

41. D choose a sentence from Exercise € (1-5).
(On a separate piece of paper, write a
paragraph that explains the change and
gives two reasons why people should do it

Everyone wants to save energy and protect.
‘the environment. Now you can do both

Æ Exchange papers with another student.
XL Read your partner's writing and answer
questions 1-3 in the Writing Checklist

Speaking

Wri

ing Checklist

Does the paragraph

1. eal state what change peopl should make?

2. give two reasons to make the change, using for one
thing an in action?

3. convince renders to change their behavior?

A Work with a partner. You are going to create a public service announcement* about saving energy.
Choose an idea from Exercise € on page 33 or think of your own, Then do the following
Li

Design a publie service announcement hat is 45-60 seconds long, I should

+ explain what change people should make,

+ give 2-3 reasons why people should make the change.
+ beinteresting and make your viewers want to make the change

For ideas, read the paragragh and information inthe Whiting Strategy box

on page 33 again

Do your presentations.

ga

‘Viewers: Take notes on each pars public service announcement.

Answer these questions bret
1. What change do they want you to make?

2. What reasons did they gue for making thee

3. Did they convince you to make ah
Why of why not?

‘compare your notes in Exe!
with a partner. In your opi
‘which public service announce
was the best? Why?

Presenters: Present your public senice announcement 10

ds.

42. (A We can add the suffixes ion /-ton 1 -sion to some verbs to form nouns. Complete the chart with the
KE noun or verb form of each word. Use your dictionary to help you. Then say the words with a partner.

‘Noun Verb Noun

production
eliminate projection
generate

|polution 10. ansmission

Use the correct words from the chart to complete the sentences. Check answers with a partner.

1. How isthe ai qualty in your cy? Is there alot of _ ris the ar clean?

2. Should we completely __ cars in cites and encourage people to walk and bike oniy?

3. What things can you do to cut down on energy. ad your elect bill
each month so that you pay less?

à. Which sources _.. ‘the most energy today? Are there any energy sources we should stop
sing? Why?

‘Think about your answers to the questions in Exercise B. Then do the following with a partner.

Take turns. Coase one ofthe questons
. Answer the question by talking for one minute without stopping, and you get a point
3. Repeat steps and 2 for a total of ten minutes. Continue unt there are no more questions or the ten
unes ae up.
Tre winner is the person with the most points atthe end,

Check What You Know

Rank how well you can perform these outcomes on a scale of 1-5
(G being the best).

‘refine your use of future tenses
identity the pros and cons ofan issue

‘express an opinion and give examples to support it
persuade an audience to make a change

‘The Great Energy Challenge

43. The World’s
a Stage

45. Vocabulary

A Your friend is a musician who wants to become famous. What would you tell him or her to do? Think
E of two or three ideas with a partner and then share them with the dos.

audience a group of people watching a performance inspired (by) encouraged (by) or motwated (y)
«commercial late to the buying and sling of launch to star

goods and senices mainstream most pica or conventional
convince to persuade someone (o do something) make an appearance to come out in puble

emerge 10 come out and be recognized or noticed performance singing, dancing, or acting for
hard-core very comme (to something) an audience

psa ace im ar
Séeniment = we ‘cme a emacs san

B Read this profile of Esmee Denters and answer the
42. questions below with a partner.

This se story ofa 17-year-old Dutch teenager with à
webcam anda dream. Esmee Denters loved to sing and her
Friends loved her voice. They convinced her to launch her

‘own YouTube channel. Ispred by her friends support, Esmee
started recording videos, And they were soon a hit. Within nine
‘months, her videos had 21 milion views, and, jus Ike any celebriy,
she had hard-core fans Esmee had definitely arived on the scene.

Her big commercial break came when singer Justia Timberako
contacted her They woo several songs together Esmee put out an albur

and even made an appeatance on The Oprah Winfrey Show. The webcam

singer was soon giving performances for audiences of 70,000 people, Unbelievably
‘wih almost no attention from the mainstream media, the pancake waitress from the
Suburbs had emerged asa stat

1. Who convinced her to launch a YouTube channel? 3. Wher did she make an appearance?
2. When did her big commercial break happen? 2, Whats ner relationship tothe mainstream media?

© Think of a singer that you like, but don't tell your partner his or her name. Your partner will ask you
15. Questions about your choice to guess your singer

She Sythe oficial song forthe 2010 World Cup,

‘What’ one of her most famous songs?

46. Grammar

A. Complete these sentences with to, for, or — (nothing).
© +. moy made me practice everyday. 2. Weilanange __you Pick up the tickets.
2. They advised us take the offer

| Infinitive Complements

| infinitive complements that follow the pattern verb + object + infinitive al nto some

| | common veto groups including © persuade verbs (adie couse. conne) © want veros

| expect need, © believe ves (consider recognize), end © plan verbs range). Group
(© verbs are have, fet and make,

© Verb + object + infinitive She advisad me to take the ob,
© Vero + (object + infinite She expects me to apply.
Head t find à job.

© Vero + object + initie of Be We consider him to be the best singer
© Ve + for+ ob + infinitivo They arrange for me to have an interet

© Verb + object à base form Hs music makes me fee happy.

Group O. the objects required. Group €: the objects optional

Group ©: folows the pattern verb + object + infinitive, and Une nitive is usally o e,
Group ©: folows the pattern ver + for object + infinitive

(Group 0: folows the same basic pater, but requis the base form of the ver rather than
the fulinfitve.

Read this story about Bree. The structure verb + (object) + infinitivo appears nine times. Seven of
‘them contain errors. Find and correct the errors. Compare your answers with a partner.

mo

Just Actingor the Real Thing? This is the story of Bre, who became an Internet celebrity. To her
hard-core fans, she was a young gi who posted videos from her bedroom about her fe as a teenager Her
fans (1) wanted to hear from her frequently, They (2) expected her post videos four o ie times a week, They
posted notes to her and (3) axis to herto share more about her fe.

‘The reality hawever, vias quite dierent: a man named Ramesh Finders produced Bree videos. He
(a) arranged to an actress to play the pan of 1Syear-old Bree, Jessica Rose, a 19-year-old actress, had a paid
jb pretending to be Bree, The fans didn't know a thing. They simply (5) considered Bree to have a normal
teenage gi.

Alter four months. a newspaper reporter dscovered the secret, The producer (6) had Jessica to tell U
truth in one of her videos. They (7) planned Bros story o continue, but it was 100 late, The news of the fake
story (8) caused viewers 0 stop watching,

‘Why dió Mi. Finder (9) let everyone to bel
hat do you tink?

eve that Bree was a real person? And why did Jessica do it?

What do you think of Bee's story? Use the vers in the chart to discuss her story with a partner
| dont thin anyone expected Bre 1 bean actress.
| don't think it was OK tole the aucience eleve her stony Thats shores.
‘The Words a Stage 39

47. Listening
A. Wat do you know about aka? Do you ke? Discuss in par

AL Salsa Music: Quick Facts
+ a maging of musica styles from Cuba, Puerto Rico, Mexico, and So
+ the name “salsa” was ceatd in New York City in the 1960s
+ Colombian sas, Cuban salsa, and othe styles have emerged ove the

{audition a shor performance given by a person to

demonstrate sutabilty fora show
promote to encourage the popular or sale of something
| niet ungesund someting, somes deny

TIP As you liten, notice how the word nto s used to express
interest in casual speech was into skateboarding ( was
Interested in skateboarding and enjoyed doing it) in got
into salsa music (became interested in and started enjoying
salsa music)

B Listen and choose the correct answer)
© 1. wonae as Carlos erste in at fist?
a. tock musie sae music
2. Who has Carlos played music with?
a. Ben bo his brother «hi ends
3. Why does he ite salsa? {
a. ts energetic bits easy to dance to makes him happy
4. Hows is band diferent?
a. They play covers. b Theywite ther own music. €. They play an older kind of sa.
5. Who insies Carlos?
a. hs bother ba is record company chs fans

©. Listen again and put these events in order.

R__ a caros tomes aband
= en aut the schoo! an,
© Goes student

— de Cates made an album.
e. Carlos payed in small bas
—— 4 Carls sang in is fends band

1D _Use the information in ExerciesB and to summarize Carlos story in airs.
a Ask

“Answer | What kind of musi are you into? What's popular now?

40 unit

48. | Connections

Read this information about fundralsing. Look up any words you don't
know in your dictionary.

Fundraising isa way for schoo’ and other organizations to rise money for
particular purpose, for example a charity. A common way t fund-rase 110
hold à benefit (a sporting event / performance / à move screening) ana
tices for he event. The money earned from the ticket sales is given to the
Schoo! or organization

You are planning a benefit to raise money for your school.
{ff You need to organize an event, With a partner, answer the
questions on a separate piece of paper.

Event type Wha type of benefit event will you have?
Entertainment You need a famous person or group to come to your ever
ho wil ou invite? What do you want him /her/ them 10 do at your event
Venue Where wil you have the event? Who wil arrange forthe space?
Schedule Wnen wil you hold the event?

Publicity How wil you promote the event?
Event goals How many people do you expect to attend? How much money
do you expect to earn from this event?

© Share your ideas with the clas, Take notes on what your classmates say
BE vue are going to have ___ um __ make an appearance at our benefit

We ae going to let people know about the even by
Vie wil promote ticket sales y

We expect people o attend
weh

bent mo serena

the end ofthe event

D Which fundraising plan is most likely to succeed? Vote to choose the best idea for a fundraiser.

49. Reading

D
[3

Look at the photos and read the title of the article,
‘the captions, and the quote. What do you think the
reading is going to be about? Complete the sentence
below with a partner.

This story is about — ho les in
and wants to

Scan the article. Which of these things has Assanee done? Mark

your answers
1D writen songs about is Me experiences workedat tne same jb for al of ise
1 experienced fais in hise © writen about pop cutre

© vedi diferent paces shared his creativity with others

Read the article. As you read, look for these place names. Why does / did
Assane go to each one? On a separate piece of paper, write about each place.

1. Dakar 3. the Great Rock
2. Toubab Dialaw 4. Chez as

With a partner, look at this sentence from the fourth paragraph. How are the underlined
words similar? What is Assane trying to emphasize?

It has always existed here, because of our palo and our hardships and our suffering

How does Assane feel about these things? What does he say about them? Discuss your
answers with a partner.

1. hip-hop music ist paragraph) 4. his relatives

2. tee ofa village fisherman 5. making a record

2. his town 6. rap music (id par

50. Assane N'Diay, 19, loves hip-hop muse Before he
Le his Senegalese village to work as a D in Dakar, be
as a fisherman, jus ike is ater, ke his fathers
father before him. Tal eas, with a muscular build and
handsome face, Asane became a popular DJ, but the
equipment he used wa borrowed, and when his friend
took it back. he returned to his village of Toubab Dilo.
The village is located about 25 mies (10 Kilometer)
south of Dakae—muarked by a huge boulder, perhaps
40 fet (12 meters) high facing the Atlantic Ocean.

In the shadow ofthis Great Rock, Asane has bu
a sal restaurant, Chez La, decorted with hundreds

of easels. ie were be lives his hip-hop dream. At
night, he and his brother and cousin st bythe Great
Rock and face the sa. They write rp songs bout thee
Aie es as village fishermen, and about being poor,
watching their town get crowded with rch Dakarans

and even ricer French. And

ey write about their
relatives who leave inthe morning and never return,
losing heirlives in the dangerous seas

"tir dream, ofcourse, sto make record, They
have their wn deso) their own logo and their ow

ap group ane, Salam TD. (which stands fr Tab
Dial). But ap music represents a bigger dream: à
beter ie “We want money to help ur parent

say ver dinner. "We watch our mother boi water to
«ook and have nothing to put in the pot”

He fingers food lightly, "Rap does belong to
American culture? he sy. Tebelong here It has always
casted here because of our pain and our hardships and
cour suring”

After a dinner of chicken and ies, Assane says
something in Woot to the others Silent and careful
they take every bit ofthe lover dinner—the hal eaten
read rice, pieces of chicken, the chicken bones—and
dump thems into aplastic bag o give 1 the children in
the village, They silently rise fom the table, walk outside,
and head out othe darkened village, holding on th
bag as though ithe money

Assane

toga po en ns a seen
gers es
or ore any mena gorge Sr

‘The World's a Stage

51. Video

‘encounter to meet

‘enthusiasm feeling of energetic interest in something Seamos vasto
‘You are going to watch a video about larla Ó Lionáird, "stay ond cong
‘a singer from Ireland. First, read these definitions, what Sete 2 na

‘eke do you know about ireland? Discus with a partner

B Look at this lst of events in tara’ life. Then, watch ad
EE the video. as you watch, put the events in the order
in which they happened,

—— a started school e. became Isrted
bo joined the AfO-Celt Sound System 1. lerned 0 ing taitionl ih music
© started singing traditional muse for with is fami

audiences worldwide 9. auitsinging

du mes ene

aged 10 sng by his teacher

Read what larla and the narrator said. Pay attention to the underlined
EE words. Watch the video again and match the sentence to its meaning

1. ur almost as if there was
were wating forme to put a fet nto
2. Ligh alii

here were kind of shoe

3. That wos He the coldest biases you eve ha 10.0
4, Frustrated, despating laa

nd himset on a

5. He qui singing ently uni fortune revealed à path

2. seemed that my music was ol-fashioned and no one cared about 1
| he vi stuck and ne didnt know shat o o next

inging tradition

|< Danone nes rec met cary

4. The experience had a strong impact on me.

“Answer ] What do you think the

definition of sucess fra

52. Writing
A Profile

A. Use the time expressions in the box to complete the profile.

ult fromaneayage in those days tothat point today

lala was born into a family of singers in West Cork.
Irland. (1) le those days, his family were known

Sean ns performers. (2)___ lala was encouraged
tossing. (2}____, lara was ving in o capital diy of
Dublin. The Sear-nos style was not so popular tere. ala had only performed racional music

He fl lost. He wrote a letter to Real World Records, asking for an audition His heanfe letter and his music
convinced them to give him a contract. At Real World Records, he met the Alto-Celt Sound System and joined
{ei band. He learned a new style of music, but never forgot his 100ts.(5)___lal tours the world and is
loved by audiences. He inspires me because he an excellent singer who stayed tue to his roo, but he aso
es not afraid to try something new

“TIP Time expressions ike these helo your
reader identfy key events in a persons life,

B_ Follow the Writing Strategy and paraphrase each sentence below on a separate piece of paper.

Writing Paraphrasing To paraphrase something means to expres the same meaning by ung Gant

Strategy our cum wows, This is an mportantstategy when using formation fiom a source Luchas
ook oF Web ein your un wating, Folow ese steps to paraa

1. Rezé we information and rake sue you understand it

2 Rewite the man ideas using your own wor.

3. Reread the ral to make sue your version has rot change the bas meaning.

À. Putin qvotabon marks any phrases thet you take dec From the anal

1, Singer Esmee Deters launched her own YouTube channel, and soon it became a bg hit
Esmae Denters started to posther music online. Soon she had a big audience for her videos.

2. Her big break came when singer Justin Timberlake contacted her

3. In time, with almost no attention from the mainstream media, she emerged as at

4, Today she gives performances to audiences of 70,000 people or more worldwide

Write a profile of a musician or other person that you like, using Exercise A as a model

Choose a person--what qualities make him or her special or interesting? Make notes
what a

some important events in the person He? Make a timeline and list time expressions you can use.
How has the person inspired or impacted you? Make notes for your conclusion

hat are the best places to find information about this person? List Ihree sources.

Use your notes and timeline to write a profil Be sure to paraphrase the information you find from your sources.

“D. Exchange papers with another student. Read your partners writing. Does it use time expressions well

‘to describe major events in the person's life? Does it give you a clear idea of who the person is?

The World's a Stage 45

53. Speaking

A Answer these questions about Assane N’Diaye,
‘the undiscovered musician who was featured in
the reading on page 43,

1. What’ his if ke?
2. Who are the important people in his ie?
3. Whats his dream?

(GRO), a recording company. They want Assane to sign a
contract and leave his village in Africa, Follow these steps:
+ Read the terms ofthe GRC contract below. Make sure you undestand
+ Discuss the ters ofthe contract with à partner. What do you think of 2
What pacts ofthe contract might be diiul for Asser tofu?
+ Use the expressions inthe Speaking Strategy to discuss the pros and cons ofthe contrast

= Assane willsign a fiveyear contact. GRC wil arrange for Assane to Ive alone in an apartment in Landon
for ix months. (Assane wil ned to leave his family behind)

+ Assane will produce one or two albums per year A producer will have final say in which
for the album

songs get chosen

+ Assane will perform and promote his music 150 das a year in ie around the word

+ Siaty percent of Assanes earrings wil go to GRC. Assane will use the remaining 40% to cover is ving
‘expenses while performing onthe road

+ Assane willbe given a new stage name ("MC Cube") and a new sye of des,

“Giving the pros (plus sides) and cons

Forero (downsides) of something he best part is Assane

8SY Omtecrerans One ctr and... Gest metodo
sa ange occ ;
‘One major / minor benefit of signing is. ‘Yeah, but a major drawback is ne has
On en 7
Seba ah atk 1 60 mal sounds so lora

You are going to role play a conversation between Assane and his possible future manager at GRC.

€
BE suucent a: You are Asa. You want sign the contact ut her ar some pan fit you do ie.
Fer the cons in the contact suggest other ideas.

Students You work for GRC. You want Assane to sign the contrat, Listen to Assane' questions

and decide what o do
tm excited about ing in London, but
don't want to leave my brother behind, Can

D_ Now do your role-play for another pair When you À 5

gg. are finished, listen to their role-play ROSE LE PEN

46 Unica

54. Expanding Your Fluency
TAS edie bis you lan fo Slr eure wil page ode now vary vn Wc
Fer inte rigs Nis ta are;

1. Tak about popular music, TV shows, movies, or other but
not he sequel, How mas 17

2. Tak about « e today Did you hear about the acid

3. Make a comment about something the person is wearing: ove the design on your scart Where od you ge it?

4. Ask falow-up questions: Are you studying music (or fm) at Tokyo University? How do you ik it there?

red cu » the fst mon

rural experiences: 5

ent events in Ue news: The traffic was ten

B | Imagine that you are ata party with many famous singers, dancers, actors, and other creative people.
28% Follow the steps below.
1. Take the role of a famous creative person whom you know something about.
2. You are going to moet fie diferent people at a party Stand up and move around the classroom
Find a parier introduce yourself, and make smal talk for two minutes.
3. Ty to use atleast one of the strategies in Exercise A with each person yo

Fret ints comedy firs, But tis moe is special. aw the “TAP You con use these expressions
first movie in the series, but not the sequel. How was it? 9, a creuse ber
rie taking to you. Thank: You too.

The seque! was much better, l'm à hardcore fan row!
Ask

1 can't wait to see it. What exact dé you tke about it?
Answer | who was

€ most interesting

person you met at the par?
Was it always easy to start a conversation?
Wy or why not?

Check What You Kno}

Rank how well you can perform these outcomes on
scale of 1-5 (5 being the best

use infinitives to complement
certain types of verbs.

state the pros and cons

‘of making a decision

use time expressions to
order life events

paraphrase information

from other sources

55. No Need
to Panic

56. 1 Where are the people in the
Photo? Have you ever been on
rides ike this one? DO you ke
‘them? Why or why not?

2 Read the unt tite What kind
of things make you fel neous
or scared}

3 Can you think of any recent
‘ews stories in which someone
was in a dangerous situation?
What happened?

Unit Outcomes

In this unit, you will learn to:

+ use adverbial clauses to talk

out chalergingstustons

+ reach a compromise.
+ explain steps in a process

+ follow steps to get through a
fu situation

57. 50

Vocabulary

collapse fal down suddenly
‘encourage to give someone confidence or hope
handle to deal with a problem or station successful

‘ordeal avery ficult, stressful situation
panic to feel very ansous or aa al ofa sudden
rescue to save someone from a dangerous situation

| imjure to damage a pat ofa persons body
Intense very great or extreme

‘tapped unable to escape fom a place or stuaton
because something i stopping you

1. hans job a problem / situation

arte the pressure the responsiblity

A. Look at the photos and read only the titles of the two at cat easy harto once
AR articles below. What do you think happened to these

people? Use a sentence or two to describe each story to a partner.
B__ Read the two news articles and choose the correct option for each item.

Pilot lands plane; everyone safe
‘Shortly after Fight 1540 took of from Now

‘York, 1 lost power in both engines. The plano,
Dying over 3,000 foot (914 meters) in the air,
as in danger of crashing. Lucky, the plo:
‘anded safely in the Hudson River nearty.

Al 188 people-were (1) trapped / rescued
from tho water and no one was seriously

2) injured / nesoued. Aer the (8) ordeal /-
injury, survivore say that the plot stayed
aim and (4) encouraged the
situation perfeotly

Now cover up the articles with a piece of paper. Choose one

Chilean miners reach the surface
‘After the mino they wore working In
(©) collapsed / rescued, thirty-three men were
© encouraged / trapped for over ten weeks.
During this time, they suffered (7) intense /
trapped heat, a lack of food and water, and long
periods of timo in total darknoss. Ono miner
recalle times when ho would got scared and
start to (8) handle / panle. But whenever that
happened, the others (9) intured / encouraged
‘him. The men kept teling each other: “Hang in
there! Help is coming!” And finally i aid.

Hong in there! = toy poste

Dont gr up (id to encourage

AS and explain it to your partner. Use the questions to help you

+ Whathappenea? +

Ask |

Answer

units

How do you handle scary or stressful situations
to panic? Explain with an example

How id the people involved handle 2

ar you calm or do you start

nn

58. c
a

Adverbial Clauses

Adel causes expli when, wy, where, of hat Way someting happened, Acer uses begin wth à
‘connecting word. When re cause tarts a sentence I flowed by a comma.

‘Time: after since, whenever as Soon After the mine collapsed, the men were tapped.

as untl, while, before when ‘The men were topped after the mine collapsed.
Reason: becouse since Because the mine collapsed, the men were trapped
Contrast although (even) though Even though it was hard, they suvve for weeks.
Purpose: so (ha) Troy closed the mine so (that) an accident doesn't happen again
Before after during, since, ard until can Before the coloso, the men hear a Sound,
also be foloved by a mou phrase During the colapss, one man was inured
Tom broke his leg in a snowboarding accident. He is explaining what happened. On a separate piece

of paper, combine the two sentences into a single one using the correct connecting word

1. lent snowboardingen a feu run | knew it was sy. (50 that, unt, even though)
went snowboarding ona ficult run even though newt was risky.

e os an Dong) {Tanzen
2. cate as coming down he mount while, whenever sce) thar us pere,
3 linen wes eo asp Gt sanas ur he

A kunde Tas naan of shh at)

5. My tend dove me tothe sol. could see a dcr ath,

6: casa y fly ee a here un

7. 1 gong oa tire e beter vas jes susy though see o tal

8. img 1 o snoboardng aa. el beter son sen he)

Answer these questions with apartar Use the information in Exerc A

1. What mistake did Tom make? — 4, Why id his friend ive him to

2. When ei he crash? the hospital?
3. When di he know he was 5: Why iit going to take time
injured? for him to get better?

6, When can he snowboard again?
How much of a risk taker are you? With a partner, answer each question and explaln
your reasons, Use at least one connecting word from the chart in each reply.
Would you ever

1. parachute Gump) out of a plane even though is dangerous?
2. sing or play music in a public place so that you coud earn some extra money?
3. cut al of your har of or dye it so trat you could havea new look?

1 never parachute out ofa plane because I's be 100 scared

59. Listening

A How do the situations below make you feel? Rate each with a number: 1 (not nervous at al),
AL 2 Gomewhat nervous), or 3 (very nervous) Then explain your answers toa partner,

— taking an important test at school _ :
— giving à présentation in front of à lo of poopie Ming a presentation in front of aft of people
nd Bebe makes me very nervous since! dont do often.

speaking English

lent someone who pays à person or freeze (pas: froze o suddenly stop
‘company fora service; a customer and be unable to move or tink

Listen to an interview with life coach” Greg Ravett. Then correct these false statements

9.

1. Greg focuses on dangerous stuatons that cause ande
2, One of Greg' clients recenty gave a presentation at work.

3. She got so nervous that she panicked and started laughing

4. in some stuations, people panic because they're werri about their appearance

“Aa cose ap seni gs nt eo ta ae a aer og ta car er erro a aspas, to)
Greg is now going to talk about three ways to calm down in a stressful situation. Read sentences 1-3.

What do you think he's going to say? Tella partner. Then listen and complete the sentences inthe
first column of the chart.

on

Ways to calm down in a stressful situation How doing ths helps you feel calmer

er slowly for a minute.
2. Make a simple
Ais: Ty the station you're init

3 the pan you created

D How does doing each step in Exercise Chelp
you feel calmer? Listen again and take notes
in the second column of the chart.

Ask
7 Answer | Which of Gre’ recommendations do

À you tink i the most helpful? Why?

60. Connections

A. Listen to and read the dialog, Then answer the questions below with a partner.

A roue Heo?
© Amina: Hey Fatima. 10 Amina
Fatima: On hi, Amina. rats up?
‘Amina: Not much, Hey you sound upset. re you okay?
Fatima: No, m faking ou. You know that projec or our Engl
iss hat due tomorow? Wall havent started
What?! Why not?
Because | thought it vas due ext week! What an À

| going to do? This project i 50% of our race
Amina: Fatima, don't panic, okay? Have you done any work?
Fatima: Yeah Ive got an outine.
Amina: So even though you haven't started the project,

you have some ideas.
Fatima: Yeah
‘Amina: Okay just et me think fora minute

1. Whats Fatimas problem?
2. Is there anything postie about Fatima’ situation?
3. What do you think the expression Im freaking out means?

With a partner, finish the dialog in Exercise A by thinking ofa solution to Fatima problem,
Role-play your dialog for another pai. Did they like your solution?

You are going to create a role-play that is similar tothe dialog in Exercise A. Chéose one of the
situations below and do the following:

BORO

1. Student A: Explain to your partner what your problem is and ask for help
Student 8: Try to calm your partner by coming up with solution o his or her problem

2. Practice yourtole-pay Be sure it includes at least three sentences with adverbial clauses.

3. Get together with another pa and rol-play your ente lo for them. Did they ike your solution?

The problem: You aed an important test because you dda’ study enough
Why you're nervous: You have to tl your parents. You're not sure how they wil
handle the news
The good news: You're geting a good grace inthe course s ar
The problem: You bortowed your best fend el phone to make aca, in you
Situation 2 | "ete teng, ou accidenaly roppee ton the ground and broke i

Why you're nervous: The prone costs alot ot money.

The good news: You ens has been teng about get

Situation

19 3 new phone for awhile
Before YoU tel your parents about the tos, maybe you can

No Need to Panic sa

61. Reading no tart St

A. Complete the information about Mount Everest
with numbers from the box. Then answer
‘the questions with a partner

200

60,000

8.850

Sta
Everest he highest point on Earth ln (2)
New Zealander Edmund Hillary and
‘Sherpa Tenzin Norgay fst reached the suai?
Although housands of people from all ver the
world cy reach the summit ach sping it not
as: Climbing Everest sky: more than (3).
people have died onthe mountain fom snow, intense
‘ol and ait sickness Fs alo expensive: guide

services can cost up (4)$___ per person

‘Summ ad ogo gas
“+ What ate the rks and cost of climbing Mount Everest?
‘+ Even though climbing Everest is dangerous, many people do it every year: Why do you think they doi?

B Read the title and the first two paragraphs of the article, Then answer the questions in your own
words with a partner,

1. Who are Scot Fischer and Rob Hall?
2. How di Scot and Rob compe?

3. Wis there any reason to worry about people clmbing tothe summit on May 107
4. What do you think is going to happen next in the sto?

Read the rest of the article. How are these dates and times important to the story? Write a sentence
or two about each on a separate piece of paper

May10 2:00pm. 3:00pm, 100m. May 17

D Summarize the story, using your answers in Exercises B and €.

Ask

Answer.) Wey d you think Rob and Scot dt make thei ms tun arourd
Vf 512.00 pm. on May 10? What lesson can we learn fom ini story?

ou ene 1 ec (ou as

62. MOUNT EVEREST'S

Climbing Mount Everest dangerous busines, but even

0 tourists pay enormous sums of money to take the 1

In 1996, there were more faites on Mount Everest than

anyother year
one dy

Scout Fischer and Rob Hall made a living guiding

and half f those people did on just

people up the mountain, but they dido! work to

Son avers dupe Ace
‘Consultants and Mountain Madness, at allowed people
Lo explore Mount Everest Scott and Rob were good

hey were als val! They each ted to gt

thei groups tothe summit est and they ofen
That May, bot Scott and Rob deci
cst perfect yt et ut forthe summit

people and Rob

twenty ve There was los els person een

tha ay
noes, Coneguenth es
<li Mount Everest May 1996 th
bere. One member of the movie crew Ed Vietun, as

nga cri about climbing the

anyother une

oo rend with Rob amd Sota

Safty with so many pole caning atthe ame time
Robs and Scouts tens et of etl on May 10%

They lef forthe summit of Mount Everest from camp 4

vas best dy, wth pers weather. Ed wos at
camp 2 and ws monitoring’ the progres ofthe

ina radio and telescope E looked

the telescope a around 200 um.
climbers Henotiond 4
that the groupe were moving,

to check on

very slowly tis rule on Mount Everest that

ake back before dark and avoid bad weather near the

Meare he peta reich

he top, sooth groups ignored that etal ral and
continued up the mountain instead of turning around
Suddenh a 300 pm. a massive snowstorm started,

By 10.00 pm that aight, people fom both
don the ny

Rob and Scott each wanted
their groups to reach the
summit, so both groups
ignored that critical rule and
continued up the mountain
instead of turning around.

he stranded climbers managed o sureve the rc
old and were eed from the mountain the nex day
However on May 18 afew ater collapsed and ied in
the snows including Scot Fischer and Rob HAL toa,
ight people died on Mow Everest dent dy.

63. 56

Video

“caught off guard 10 be surtise by someone or ses level onthe ground, nea the ocean
something soak (something) into ook a or enjoy a place you
disorientation contusion are in as much you can

‘oxygen a ga (O)in the ar needed by humans to breathe zombie a dead person who has come back t ie

A. Read the information below. Then ask a partner: How do you think climbing Everest has
changed since 1996 when Rob Hall ran Adventure Consultants? Watch segment 2 of the video
to check your answer.

‘Adventure Consultants, originally onmed by New Zealander Rob Hal, continues to guide people tothe top of
Everest. Today tis run by climber Guy Cotter inthe ide, hos going to lead a Canadian group (nicknamed
“eam Canada) to the summit

B Look back at the map on p. 54. Then watch segment 3 of the video. Match a sentence stem (1-8)
EZ with an answer (3-9). Sometimes an answer can be used more than once,

‘Team Canada's Everest Expedition
Team Canada ses out on foot to base camp
Today, Adventure Consultants uses computers and satelite phones
{At base camp, the team does the Puja ceremony

For weeks, Team Canada travels back and forth between camps INA
In mid-May. the guides prepare supplemental oxygen

Tre team stops at the fourth an final camp before the summil
‘The team sets off the next morning for the summit
They take some photos and look atthe view

ose

“Ince they wil need ena to sue on te mount
before daybreak

because they need to adjust tothe altitude

after they reach the top.

so that they can rest.

before they ae allowed to cib the mountain,

50 that ey can check the weather repor.

© Watch the video again and check your answers in Exercise 8. erg te Ran
= re
D Use the map on p. 54 and your answers in Exercise Bro explain Manet en

‘Team Canada's Everest journey. How long was it from the startin April o the finish?

Ask
| Answer | what do you think of people who cimb Everest? Would you do 1 Wy or why 200.

Units

64. Ss

A

a

Ds. star the stscsson. re penon suggest a pose lon and esp te reasoning

BO

peaking

Read the information below. What problem
are people meeting to discuss?

Local business people, mountain
climbers, and interested parties,
from around the world are debating |
losing Mount Everest. Some want

to stop all climbing and camping

for environmental and, above all,
safety reasons. Others say that this
‘will eause many people to lose their
Jobs. Should Everest be closed? SIA speaking

Strategy

Work in groups of four. Follow these steps and use the |

expressions in the Speaking Strategy to help you!

1. Astign each role fom the box below to one person.

2. Read the information about your part aly

3. Introduce yourself and explain your opinion.

4, On your own, think of one or two possble solutions (dose
Everest complete, keep it open year round to everyone, |
something n-beiween). Ty o think ofa solution eveyone
can acest

The others should then respond. Continue negotiating untl you al agree on ane solution.

“Everest gulde: Vou ead groups of international climbers up Mount Everest each spring, You empoy nine
people. Even though some of your dient are not fly rained to make the cimb, none have ever been injured
However, you have recently almost had a couple of accents, and you ate not enjoying your work ke you

10.1 Everest closes, your business wil colapse

tai climber: You ve been taining to dim Everest fra year, It's your dream to each the top, and you
ot want the mountain to cose, You've heard stories about inexperienced chmbers beng injured—or worse.
eu think these people should not be allowed on Everest.
Environmentalist: Everest ges thousands of visitors every year The result: water and ar polation have
increased. Climbers leave garbage on the mountain. There ae aso over a hundred dead bodies stl on Everest
You believe the mountain must cose so that it can be Ceaned up and preserved for the future.
Local Sherpa guide: You've been a mountain gude for several years. Even though you make good money
doing it, you'e very concerned about safe. Your brother was ako a trained guide. Last spring, though, he
died in an avalanche* near the summit. In your opinion, something has to change

Explain your group's solution to the clas.

‘One option would be to dose Everest fora year so that we can clean it

“arlene sg ana ote om rs

No Need to Panic 87

65. Writing

A Set of Instructions

A. Ifyou are swimming and you see a shark, what is the first thing you should do?

a. Pretend you are dead. b. Splash andattact attention, € Remain stil

B_ Read the information. Then answer the questions below with partner
z

ivina a Sha E Tas ses vas à an ta beca my howe.
Surviving a Shark Attack E
traf sil, ning how o handle he situation a shark attacked.

‘Although shark tack ae ao they ar ery dangerous. you se a hark loue the vts ou should allow
these steps Theis io tay very sil Dono an ad tart moving o because this wil anac he shar. Al, do
‘ot pretend you ae dead and assume the shack wl jus go way. Deo animals att sharks The nxt hing you should
Ao ist ge out ofthe water quickly and calmly. Don splash around or atra tention, kl you are moving toward he
sore, keep watching forte sack wo at doesnt om back and surprise ou. hear dbs come and tc then the
‘only hing you cn do iso gh back Hi the ar the nose and ees very hard. Because thes ar sensitive areas on he
sharks bey it might sar teams that ou can et aay sf, As soon ax youre ctf the wate, port he had
‘Stig sgh away Following these step an heip You stay ste

58

1. Was our guess in Exercise À correct?

2. What do the boléfaced words show the reader?

3. Close your book, Can you ral the instructions the
leguard gave?

© Read the Writing Strategy. Then choose one of
‘the topics below to write about.

Explain howto.

+ tel someone bad news (ick something spect,
+ improve your English conversation skis.

+ prepare for an important exam.

«stay safe if theresa fre

+ your idea:

D_ Make a list of steps in the process.
How is each step helpful? Then write
a paragraph or two on a separate Writing Explaining stops in a process
piece of paper Strategy When jou descibe how to do something,
(iden specie steps in he process: se
gl won and phases sch as fs, next, ten, ast when,

Exchange papers with another student. wie, andas Don as to mark theses. Se the eidtced words
Read your partners writing. Does it in Be Band) ly explain wy each step nthe process

follow the Writing Strategy?

em

Units

66. ‘On your own, read the situation below.
‘Then make an escape plan. Be prepared
to explain the steps in your plan and
‘why you think each step is a good idea.

You and a frend were ona saling tour.
During te rip, there was a storm and your
boat sank. Luca, you and your friend
survived and were able to sui o a smal
island, but you are now trapped on it
What are you going to do?

The island Your supplies ee 2
You're on à beach and the Before the boat sank, you saved Dura ie storm, porto
Met shot Tesch ou Mate Dome ‘own etf ese er tag
sat tre of Médeyou ind ahs, asma à ee tem veu
Tacoma wees Coxontsusaly fsea kta fok asap, you: they ht rt Know we,
Tove dinabe ver nen) ospoon andacel phone ih talk

{CPSs The cel hore Sree ured your ein
works ti gg ary in or, voca al Dat
ion.

You can se a tal mountain in the
center of the island. There are no
bulkings or people on your side
‘ofthe mountain You dont know
¡whats on the other side, You
‘thought you saw smoke coming
from there, but you arent sure

Imagine that you and your partner are trapped on the island. Explain your plans to each other
se the expressions on p. 5710 help you negotiate and create one escape plan together.

One option iso hike tothe other side ofthe sand and see whats there

The problem i that injured my leg and can't walk very well Alo, before we
bike tothe other side, we need to

hare your escape plan Check What You Know

with the lass. When all

pairs have presented ‘Sri ow wal
tank how well you can perform these outcomes on a scale of 1-5
MB pIcOS: vote for the (S being the best)

best one.
use adverbial clauses to talk about challenging situations

reach a compromise
explain steps in a process
follow steps to get through a difficult situation

No Need to Panic se

69. Vocabulary

affordable reasonably price, inexpensive discount a reductonin te usual price of something
‘bargain Lo tak with someone to ty to get a lower goods products you buy

pic on something Purchase to buy something
brand a type of product made by a particular company quality how good or bad somethin s
browse 10 look around a shop casualy recommend to suggest 10 someone that a thing or
deal something good you buy, usually or alow price person would be good or useful

Usage: bargain and deo! syn can o te à roun and means the
ame ing as So The shoes cost nly $25 haa bara!

deal ad fr,
(d= se, =

Choose the expressions in 1-3 that best describe your shopping habits.
‘Then explain your responses to a partner

a>

A. When shop, 1 ike 10 take my time and browse / hurry up and buy what | need.
2. Leceasionally / never ty to bargain to get a discount on something.

3. Tne most important thing to me's that my purchases are
High quality / affordable.

Read what Nadia says about the Dubai Shopping Festival

1. Complete the proie with a word rom the vocabulary Ist.
2. Then ask a partner: Would you lice to shop there? Why or why not? How is
it silat or different from shopping where you lve?

Best ime to shop: (1) going inthe ar morning orate line mom ato Ds
evening so you can avo the crom ou can ind the best deal ae in Sora ate e
the day Also, many people speak English o you don't have to wony about | SORTE
communicating with the loca id)

‘Secours cn eg tom
Best place to browse. A traditional marketplace, called a souk. You can buy | Sans rama catego nah

a variety of) there, including furniture, jewelry, food, and |. uit cents and ca.
spices, Merchants ypical start with a high price and then (3) —.
with you for à more affordable one.

What makes it spedal: Over three milion people attend. Ao, people who (a) _ items
during tbe festival are entered into à daily lottery Winners receive cars, money, and even gold!

In your cy, is here à time of year
when stores offer big discounts on
(900487 Do you ever shop at these sales?

70. Grammar

A. Complete 1-3 with the correct word(s). Explain your answers to a partner

BE. people who / which / that enter te latter can win pies
2. ia you buy the jacket who / which / that was on sale?
3. Dubaistratonal souks, who / which / that sll many goods, ae very intresting

‘TIP When an adectve

Adjective Clauses with Subject Relative Pronouns ¡cause ges extra

| who = for people © People who visit Dubai during the norton thet cannot

| Shopping fegval on get some et dns Seed Te fetal

which = for things © The festival, which gets over three million a

| Mora. ave sme ees tree min tos

(at orpeoglendiings © Nada mean at spends alton dotes

| a tel eat aes poe every yu =

| subject-verb agreement @ ¡ts a shop that sells discount electronics. pro
9 theyre op tat rl designer handbags, KEM IS

|| Adjective clauses give more information about 2 noun and begin with a relative Reese

| pren ha hd, ho be perd a ot

on clothes

In O, the ie cure gues necessary Information about
the meaning o the semence.

In @, the acte cause ges ext Information about the subject. You don't need it to
Complete the meaning ofthe sentence. I separate from the main clause by comes,

subject It compl

Correct the mistake in each sentence. Then check your answers with a partner. In which sentences do
‘the adjective clauses give necessary information? Which give extra information?

LE]

Men which ve in Europe spend more money on clothes than men in North America.
Clothing and books are the most popular product that they are sold one

Most people who lves in South Korea have purchased something nine at least once.
Tre Bugat Veyron, who isthe mos! expensive car in the world, costs almost $2,500,000,
Tre Dubai Mal that is one ofthe largest in Ihe word, has over 1,200 stores

‘Combine the sentences using an adjective cause to form a single question. Then take turns asking
‘and answering the questions with a partner.

en

‘Which shops have good bargains? | want something near here.

Which shops that are near here have good bargalns?

1. Have you ever bought something? it was really expensive.

2. Can you name any clothing designers? They are known around the works

3. Do you have any
fiends? They ae
very sis

4. Can you recommend

PRONUNCIATION Notice the diferent meaning and intonation pattems
in these two examples.

m The shopkeeper who sols such beautiful goods wil make a ot of money

2 good place for The shopkeeper who sel such beautiful goods, vil make a fot of money.

ee For more information on intonation patterns in relative causes, soe. 149

Insiyle 63

71. Listening

A Where can you get good deals on electronics, clothes, and other goods?
82. Have you ever purchased anything in one of these places? What did
you buy? Discuss with a partner

B You're going to hear three different conversations happening in

{à Fobson Sweet, a popular shopping disict in Vancouver, Canada. Read
the information below. Then listen and choose the correct answers
Conversation 1

1. The man and woman are looking ata tablet. The man
a. ses the women not to buyit bargains with the woman fort
recommends another product

2. Does the woman purchase the tablet? Yes Pre No Why not

Conversation 2

3. The woman who is shopping for shoes wants
a. evening shoes reasonably prced shoes
© shoes Ike her frends

A. Does the woman purchase any shoes? Yes Price No Why not
Conversation 2

5. Theman
a. can't decide which bike to buy D. bargains with the saleswoman.
«confused about the prices

6. Does the man purchase abke? Yes Pre No Why not

© Read the sentences below. Then listen again. Choose the correct answer for each one.

© 1. wren the man sas, "What ap of he means “What a cheap high price!”
2. Wen the woman says, “Check ou ts pa” she mear, "Look a / Forget about these shoes"
3. When the woman sys, “iS wrth she means, "The bikeischeapd
expensive because fs alt good / bad.”

D | Imagine that you are at the mall with your partner Create,
182. a short dialog in which you use at least two of the new

72. BO

‘wo people are bargaining at a flea market. Listen to and read
the dialog, What's special about the pen the man is selling?

Would you buy this product?

Seller. $20.

Buyer: For ths old pen?!

Seller: Ah, butts not just any old pe
‘out of ink.

Buyer: A pen that never runs out of ink? Realy?

Seller: Yes. t's perfect

Buyer: This is an interesting looking pen. How much do you want fort?

153 pen that never runs

the person who never wants to buy another)

en again! But 've only got thre let. They e seing fast

Buyer: Hmmm... Wel, tisprety
Fl gue you $5 for it

Seller:

Auyer: Six, That’ alt can alor

Seller: Sicit is

You're going to sll

1. Think of an everyday item (et phone, watch, umbrella, ance of dothng)
‘Answer the questions to describe your special item

Then ive ta "special power
+ Vita does it do? lisa that
‘+ Who sit perfect for ts perfect for people w

yn item at a flea market. Do the following:

‘and you sy it never run out of ink?

Ten. Come on; think of all the money you'll save. Tenis a great dea!

a ea maña poca
‘allo o" ud peas, You
mn on ra od ob,

2. Take four smal pices of paper On each, wit the tem you listed in step 1. This paper now represents your
merchandise. You ae going to sel four of the same tems atthe fea market
3. Decide on a cost forthe item. I cannot be mote than $100.

Your instructor will divido the class into sellers and buyers. Read your information below.

Sellers

Your goal To sella four of your items for as much,
‘money a5 you can before time is up

Talk 10 diferent customers atthe market. Explain
‘what your em is and wy its useful When you sll
an em, gv the paper tothe buyer and aad the
amount you eanes below,

Staring amount: 0

‘Total earned:

Buyers
‘Your goal: o buy as many products as you can
Before time lp. You start with $100 10 spend,

“alk to iferent sellers. you want to buy a product,
bargain for a lower price. When you buy an tom,
edict the amount you paid below. Ais write the
price onthe paper the seller gives you

Starting amount: 100

Total ete

ID. Start the bargaining! You will have fifteen minutes to buy or sell as many items as you can. When
time is up, share your results with the class. Who were the most successful bargainers?

Switch roles (those who were sellers are now buyers) and repeat Exercises Cand D.

CE

73. ss

Reading

A

no

#0

The adjectives below are used to describe people. Mark the ones you know. Look up
the ones you don't know in your dictionary. Then circle the ones that describe you.

ating
dependabie

Tashion-consdous
ougoing
practical

sell-contigent
sophisticated

Read the ttle and the fist paragraph of the article on the next page. Then look at
the photos and ask a partner: Who might wear each pair of shoes? What can you
tell about each person by looking at only his or her shoes?

‘Wat does each type of shoe tel us about a person? Read the article and then
complete the chart with information from the reading.

high-heeled shoes or boots for women

heavy boots for men

bright, multi-colored shoes

worn sneakers

How much can you tell about your partner by
looking at his or her shoes? Describe him or
her using the information in Exercise Cto help
you. Then share your description with your

partner. Was it correct?

Unit 6

low-heeled or flat shoes for women

designer shoes for men

neutral or darker colored shoes

designer sneakers

74. "mans have been wearing shoe for thousands of years
They protect our fet rom the hes and cold they alow us
to walk comorably or torn te. Our shoes do more
than this though They can al tel others ot about us,
your shoes could tk what would hey sy about you?

Boy or gr
(One of the rst things our shoes tl thers about yous
your gender. A high-heded shoe, for example probably
belongs tos woman. This Kind of shoe wasnt always
For hundies of yeas,

wealthy men and women in Europe and Asa wor high
dothes

associated wit women, thoug

hele sandal or boots to protect thee eta
fiom mud and water onthe ground
Though oday streets ae cleaner, A: 1 Sinch

silos ate stil very popular among women. Beautiful
Perhaps, Practical? Not realy. S why do so many
women continue to wear the? Natacha Marto, who
has designed shoes for pop stars like Christina Aguilera,
‘explains. "Vou pat on eel, and suddenly you are

si

Wearing silts
‘others tha youre daring and self confident. Some people
find that very

15 centimeters] higher. Isa power thing”

x any high-heeled shoe or boot tls

active, Low hese or lat ses, on the

‘other hand, projet a more serious image: They tel others
that youre practical and dependable

Wat do you do?

Forhundreds of years, shoes lso tod others about a
persons occupation or social poston In early Japan,
for example, merchants, actos, and soldiers wore shoes

spect thee line ofwork Although we usually cat

tall what person does by lokingat his or her shoes
anymore, we can sll make some guess. À man who
‘wears heavy boots onthe jab for example, may work
‘outside perhaps he's a construction worker or free
A man witha lose fal designe shoes, however may
need to dress more formal at work. Perhaps ean
maybe he just has the
‘money to buy alot of expensive shoe,

storneyor business exechtive. Or

What are you ke?

In ancient Rome, the wealthy could be identified by the
red or orange shoes they wore. Though shoe color no
longer indicates ones socal status, it doe sil tell us
something about the shoe owner’ personaly right,
ni: colored shoes o those wit os of details suggest
sn outgoing adventurous character Neutral or daker
lors om the other hand, signal sophistication and

ef control Even the sneakers we wear ca tl others
alot about us. A worn’ ple for example sugges that
pou abi ofa rebel

others hink.A pair of 400 designer sneakers, however,
Les others youre a fashion conscious person who it

person who does care what

interested in the latest tends, whatever the ost
Our shoes say lot about us, even when wears
‘wearing them, Look atthe shoes you've got on right now

at do they tll others bout yout

societe tec
deste on
vor Gps dat

RH

75. Video

authentic rea, genuine

‘canvas a type of song, heavy cloth, used for
making dothes and bags

‘crooked not straght; bent or curved

dealer someone who sek something

fake not real

Imiator someone who copies what someone
se does

Instinct your feeling about something

| spotio ent

A Discuss the questions with a partner.

BR 1. Do jou ever see people sling fake designer gods? What kind? Why d you thnk fake goods at o popular?
2 Look atthe photos ol the handbags. Can you guess which one ses and wich is fake? How?

B_ Read the title ofthe video. In pairs, try to guess the answers in steps 1-5. Then watch the video once
KE through—without writing anything—to check your ideas.

ss

How to Spot a Fake Louis Vuitton Bag

Step 1: The prices a)

+ Most bags sel for over) $ IF yu pay es than 5300 for a new bag, you're not getting a
deal, you're getting ac)

Step 2: Usualy the "ls" on a fake bag are (4)

“+ Ifyou have any Lvs that are ina crease a in (e itis not the real thing
Step 3: The color ofthe lather handles shout bea ight.) th the edge dyed

@ __and the streng in.)

+ After a few weeks, the handles should change to 2 darker (+) If they don', the bag is a fake
Step If you buy @ Lous Vuitton bag from a street) it not genuine.

+ You should also be careful about buying bags (ke)

+ Pay attention to seller feedback and ask about buyer protection and the (1) pal
Step 5: Trust your (m)

+ you feel funny about) — you'e paying, walk away.

© Watch the video again and complete the first sentence in steps 1-5 in Exercise 1 Then watch it again
ESA and complete the rest of the blanks.

D in addition to designer clothing and accessories, other fake goods sold worldwide include music,
2. Movies, car parts, computer software, electronic, and even food and medicine. Would you ever buy
any of these goods? Why or why not? Discuss with a partner.

68 Unit 6

76. T

Speaking

À | On your own and on a separate piece of paper, complete statements 1-4 with your opinion.

Shopping and Fashion: What Do You Think?

think people who buy designer goods 3. [think men who wear
2. thnk people who always dress casual 4, think women that wear

B Get nto.a group of three people and do the following;

1. Take four small pieces of paper and te a number (1, , 3, 4)on each one. Then sul them and place
the face down on te desk

2, One person stars by picking up a number. Read your core
explain your reasons tothe group.

3. The other people in the group should then use the expressions inthe Speaking Strategy below to agree o
disagree with the statement and each other. When you state an pion, remember to explain your reasons.

| 4. Return the number to the pile and then its another person’ tur. Repeat steps 1-3 unt everyone has shared

al oftheir sentences from Exercise A
| think people who buy designer goods are probably
Fic, You need a et of money to afford those things,

nding semence from Brrcse A aloud and

Im not so sure about that. know someone who owns several pars of

signer shoes and she i ich! she just is high-quality goods.

= Expressing stron
Speaking gene swore
Strategy count agree (ih
Yeoh, no question / doubt about
‘Questioning another's point of view
1 don't know fm nt so sue about that
¡guess sa, but at he same tine

see [know understand what you're
ung. burn you think
Expressing strong disagreement
complete disagree

‘Are you isting? (Informa)

A way! norma)

Informal phrase can sound rude Orly
use these when you srong)y dsagree and
wih someone you know wel

77. Writing
Present and Defend an Argument
‘A. aad the paragraph Then complete the steps below with partner

BE ink sing fot gods s wrong Some people might cage with ths opinion, but belive
ther re two importa reasons why ight. Fst, people who sel fake goods, or "knockof," te stealing
money rom the original product manufacturer Tis not ac Of couse, many people who buy fakes say
they cat afford to pay fl price fr name brands. While
that may be tre, buying or selig fake goods sila “TP Sting on opposite opinion and
form of steaing an its wrong, explaning why you tink t's weak con

Second, people wo sel knockafts sometimes tick hep suppor your argument

buyers into purchasing something, These days, tere |
ae lots of Web ses that el fake products as “the ral thing,” Shoppes thnk they ar buying a designer
handbag or MP3 player at a discounted rice. In reality they ave buying a oc, ut they don krow
‘Alot of peone think 1 easy to spot fake goods because the quay i poor or te band name is diferent
However, is often hard to tell the ilernce een fake and rea tems that ae id online, Fr these
seasons, [tink sling fake goods is wrong

1. List the writers main argument (paragraph 1) In the chart below. |
2. The writer gives two reasons to suppor the argument. Write the second one under “reasons.
3. He ao states two opposite opinions from other people. What are they?

The main argument: u Er

Reasons Opposite opinions
People who sl fake goods are stealing money — 1. Most people can't afford to pay fll rice for
‘rom the original manufacturer designer ites

2 2

B__ Read the sentence and follow the steps below:
1 thnk dont think buying designe: brands good wy to spend your money Oi
1. Cie the words) inthe sentence tha express your opinion. me. ?
2. Ona separate piece of paper, create à chart

ike the one in Exercise A. ist two reasons Writing | Making a sucessful argument When you
{eSupport your argument, Als think of an Strategy ou à point, jou shout
‘opposite opinion for each of your reasons. + cleat tate what you option s. Ar you or

‘or against something?
gue reasons that suppor your opinion,
© Write two or three short paragraphs that» incude oppose option using expresos ike the ones
argue your point, using the information in — Underined nthe sample You shoud aso show wy you
your chart sages with thse opinions using expresion ve the ones in
bon erase A

Exchange papers with another student. Read your
partners writing, Does your partner
successfully follow the Writing Strategy?

70 units

78. Expanding Your Fluency

A
La

mo

Read the short passage. Then answer the questions with a partner,

‘You've been to sale at department stores. You've purchased things online at discount prices. Perhaps you've
even visited a fea market and found a few bargains. But have you ever shopped ata store where everything
vas fre? Stores Ike this have exsted for years all over the world, and today they are growing in popular.
How does a free store work? People ring in goods that they don't use anymare: dolhing, electonics,
bikes, furniture, an, jewelry, books, music. The items must be good qualit, they can't be od, worn, dirty, or
broken. People who come into the store can aso take anything they want without paying frit A free store
isnt only fr those who can’t afford to buy new things, though. The goal of these stress to encourage al
people to reuse items, not to throw them away or to keep buying new stuf al the time.
1. What isa fee store and how does it work? 2. Who shops ata free store?

Complete the sentences with your opinions. Think of two reasons to support each opinion.

1. [think a fre store would / wouldn't be 2 good addition to my neighborhood because.
2. think everyone should / shouldn't be alowed to shop in a free store because

Discuss your opinions in pair. Use the expressions in the Speaking Strategy on p. 69 to agree or
disagree with each other.

Check What You Know

Rank how well you can perform these outcomes on a scale of 1-5
(S being the best)
describe shopping habits and fashion preferences
use adjective clauses to explain and define people and things
react to other points of view
present and defend an argument

79. Ai

Pronunciation

Rising and Falling Intonation

© Intonation describes the changes in pitch in spoken language. Generally, the pitch ofa sentence or group of
‘words ses or fal. The intonation tes you what kind of sentence you are heating,

How are the most common uses of rising intonation. Listen carefully tothe pitch in each example

Note that it ses at the end ofthe sentence because the emphasis is onthe information in the question

+ Yes-no questions with question word order: + Ves-no questions with statement word order:
+ May havea gas of milk? + The movie stants at noon?
+ Wityou help me with my chores? + The bus station son the corner?

Below are the most common uses of falling intonation. Listen carefuly to the pitch in each example. Note
that it fa at the end of the sentence In a statement, this indicates that the sentence has ended. In wh
questions, the pitch is high at the beginning to emphasze the wh: word and falsa end

+ Decaratve statements + Wi questions:
+ The snow is gone + What was that noise?
+ The bowl is ful + When s the movie?
Practice

A Read and listen to each sentence. Decide ifthe intonation is rising or falling, Then write rising or
€ falling on the line.

You ares hungry after al that pizza?
Where are the car keys?

Do we have homework for English clas tonight?

Everyone was late for dinner

90 you think that painting is beautiful? ===>
Ave there any rooms left at the hotel? —
The ball went over the fence.

Who was atthe door? ==

enavsune

B Write three sentences of your own with r
sentence has,
1

ing or falling intonation. Indicate which intonation your

Pronunciation

80. Stress Changes with Prefixes and Suffixes 5
> ringen, add pets and suis o words dos not usual cause changin sts. ere are 2
some examples 3
Glen malen deny 5
imgeran: unmpotmm image
am dm ising
ower in some cases, ding particular auf il case a Sti the lable at stressed
Bine pltrsaue
Practice
‘A. Lien to each word pair below: Mack the stresse plaie In each word to compare sess. The fist
> one done for you
1. photog phoogaone
2. pus putlciy
3. ance anicpaon
4 on caving
5. cue conato
6. or choca
2. cer ceed
3. sable sity
9. energy energetic
10. play olaaa
11. tray fain
12. phos ose
ES immediately
1. sacre election
15, eo heroic
16, 000 eager
BB Now review the svessed syllables in each word par Which ones changed? Which ones id not?
Wie a rule about which suffixes cause a tes si
Promunditlon AZ

81. Heteronyms and Stress Shift

à Words wih ie same og ate aed homograph A sus herograhs re etranys words ut

ae spelled the same, but are a diferent part of speech and are often pronounced diferent
Word Definition Part of speech Stress.
project A ask or work that one pans todo noun Project
project Topredit vero prolecr

You can often diferentite between heteronyms by dentiying Ihr part of speech. For most two sable
hetcronyms, the noun has the stress on the fs syllable, whe the verb has the stress on the second

Word Definition Part of spooch Stress
get Acolection of radings neun Digest
digest Totakein or make use sina meal vero dies
entrance An opening through which to enter mou Entrance
envance To fil with wonder ve enTRANCE

Note that you cannot apply this rule to al heteroryms, For example, the verb and noun respect / respect
are pronounced the same. Aso, some heteronyms have only one sylabl, such asthe noun and verb row
(ROW) row ROH), Lastly, a few hetetonyms, such as invalid invalid, have more than two syle,

Practice

A. For each form of the heteronym, write the part of speech and show which syllable is stressed. The
©) first one is done for you. Then listen to confirm your answers

Heteronym pair Partof spacch Stress
1. The pole arrested the suspect ate las night. oun Suspect
2. | suspect tnt inners going to be late tonight

3. You val ony compound the problem if you ty to fx the
sink yous.

“The sient invented à new compound that might hip
prevent allergies

Vie analyzed al the data from the tet survey.

From the top ofthe mountain. was abe to survey the lane
for mies around.

The lawyer didnot object tothe Anl ruling
The object in the sky lastnight was an arplan. |
[My roommate wil not permit meto use her computer

10. tf we wart 1 o fishing, we wi nee a permit

11. Hisconduet during te meting was upsetting to everyone.
12. Our rector wil conduct the orchestra during the festival

As Pronunciation

82. Linking Sounds

© Insvoken ng, sounsin cose mor ae Inkad when hea conontn ane word
followed by an nal von the nen ward
2 ans mace my e
© The do tacked mud layer the che
Tyre ao linked when e nal consonant in one word flowed byte same nil consonant
inthe net wor
+ sti when he didi,
2 made diner ih

Practice

A. Predict where sounds are linked in each of the following sentences. Underline your predicted
(> linking sounds. Then listen to check your predictions. Circe the linking sounds to confirm
or correct your work

here was music every atthe fir.
‘The bel ings at the end ofeach class.
Jamie said he was sory fr calling so late
The sun ies each morning at 5:00 am.
5. Mary did have enough energy to fish raking the leaves,
5. Tina lft te shower cunning his morning,
She thought the painting was oustanding
nen we got tothe 200, the ions were being fe
My site invited meto come, to.
Everyone thought the play was sort o funny,

Pronunciation

A4

83. M typical Stress Patterns in Three-Syllable Words
El (> trols, many tee late words olow regular sess ates. steno te round ofthese word,
ES 2 coing the pm of ach pate. @ = the songes ses; 1 =the weakest sess
El 31-1 (stress on first syllable) 1-3-1 (stress on. 3-1-2 (stress on first syllable with
Second syllabi) | minor stress on third ab)
bene congested silly
er smcton rante:
Practice
AA. ston to and then repeat aloud ech thre lable word, Then write the stress patter you hear. You
3; "may want to mark the words as you sten and speak. Te fist one is done for you
1. [moony 22
2. beloved
3. enano :
4. telephone
5. audience |
7. ech
2. ode
9. operate
70 | mapa
11._|drcten
12 Join
12. {tangle
1 im
15. | another
AS Promundation

84. Intonation Patterns and Relative Clauses g
Gary Engish sentences can be died ito hunk wth intel ion aie. ome ese uses EI
pre son bu ot cuca infomation bora aun oan phase Ts peo use sien E
gra by the words who, whom, whose or which is ao separate fom the ma ar otr sentence y FA
comes t ét sight pase nd esis wn ring and ating tonaton cue ints ase te speaker” I
mentors tha ine wing Str hom Re, bu at dels mee foma, ntl
AN _/\ MN
Tay site vo ein oy coming to Vt
ter rate doses prove Important informaten abot te rouno oun phrase Without Wis information
the mening o the erence might be une. The nonaton in ths case doesnot fl alter "My tr" but
Sly the same or tre whole chon Inu the deiing re case M ao, the speaker must have
mote then ae ste the onen an putational wih eter sting
Tw ser whe ves in fas comi ov .
Listen tote difrencebenncen these wo sentences.
«The shows which Bought yesterday ae the wrong clo
2 Te shoes that bought yesterday ae Ihe wong clr
Practice
À Read each sentence aloud. Which segments have their own intonation curves?
{Gp Separate each sentence nt segments with asin) Then listen o check your work
Tavis yor aha cat
1. Bary aught the pupy tat he adopted to st.
Cao aught he ode, whom she abst, several ne wor
2. Theat, whch loaned 0 my neighbor, broke
The too at! booed rom yah ising
3, Susan ew es, wich ie ve prety.
The ne cat a Hanah bug is best
A. Maro whe des care about tes, weas whatever is,
Te woman who ut waked by es cis ss.
5. That boutique, whch js open ast mont, as ih ces
he mal at opere een soe ty ou
$ as love water ar ver ae
as wn dnt ike wate, reno fon to bathe
pronuncian AB

85. Reduction in Perfect Modals

SP a
Redon cco pean rg not feral nin Os moy snes te ate or
ee

Perfect modals in English include must should / would / could + have + the past participle of a ver.
{Wen spoken, he hin have is usualy dropped and the vowel sound is reduced tothe schwa sound or eh

+ You must hau ft the gate unlocked; thats how the dog go out. *mustebw," not "must have”)
+ We should have arrived sale. ("shouideh," not "should have")
+ She could have gotten an A onthe ‘esti she had studie harder. (“coude not “could have)

+ had known you were going, would have attended the party, 00. ("wouldeh," net “would have")

‘TIP In very informal spoken English, perfect modal are often reduced even further
to: musteh, woulddeh,couldden, and should,

‘Note that when must haves not followed by a past partie it does na get
ected. For example: Bola sat that she must have a news for the dance

Practice

A. Say each sentence aloud, and then listen to the audio recording to check your pronunciation. Then
à Say each sentence aloud again.

1. Jane would have gone tothe movies with us, but she had to work,
2. | could have dere pieza for lunch, but had a saad instead

3. must have snowed two fet lastnight

4. | could have done my teport on climate change, but someone else chose frst

5. Juan thought he had his wallet wit him, but he must have left tat home.

6. Iso sony; should have remembered your birthday!

7. Pamela would have had ice cream, but there wasn't any. |
8. I sent the package, but it must have been fost in the mal

9. Danny did everthing he could have done to win the contest
10. Calle should have calle Petra lastnight, but she came home to at,

ar Pronunciation

86. Thought Groups

©) In spoken English, langer sentences can be divided into chunks, called thought groups. A thought group
‘usualy contains a major element, such as a prepositional phrase, à noun phrase, ora subject / verb. Also, itis
signaled by a sight pause before and after it. Last, a thought group i just what its name implies: a phrase
‘that coherently expresses a thought, Fluent speakers of English pace their speech to mark thought groups,
ich can in tur ai comprehension, add nuance, or emphasize or deemphasize certain deals. Note: theres
often more than one way to divide a sentence into thought groups,
Here are some examples of thought groups within longer sentences. The groups ate separated by a ash

+ Scents ar doing tests / to determine how humans decide J ight from wrong,
+ There re special areas /of the brain that might convo! mora behavior,
+ These areas are associated with emotion /and what we cal socia cognition.

Practice

A Read each sentence aloud and separate the thought groups with a slash (). Then listen to check your
D work. Revise your answers as necessary. 4

The sun was shining this morning, but then it started to rain
2. Pery got up late and missed his tan

hope to have my project done by the end ofthis week

Everyone really enjoyed the movie yesterday.

3) the end of the year, we should have finished redoing the sare bedroom.
The price ofthe washing machine was less than I remembered,

th was cold ou, but took the dog for a walk anyway.

The student won an award for her enironmental wor.

Susan sat by the phone, waiting to hear if she got the job,

hry en’ you come to the party last ight?

Bemsansunr

Pronunciation as

87. Language Summary

Unit 1

Unit 2

‘adapt to change your ideas or behavior to sut @
ailfeent situation adaptation (1) adaptive ad.)

ambitious needing exceptional effort and resources
to be carved out successful ambitiously (adv)
‘ambition (n)

archaeologist a scientist who studies peoole
and societies of the past archaeology (n)
archaeotogical (ad)

average the normal amount or quality for a group of
things or people (to) average (+, ad)

buried under the ground and covered with earth to
‘bury (4) burial (n)

come up with to suggest or think ofan idea ar plan

defeat to win victory over someone in a battle or
game defeat in)

determine o find out orto conten
certain information determination (n)
indeterminate (ad)

1 abenBuey

El
2

generation the period of time (about 30 years) it takes
for cidren to grow up and have their own fails
‘generational adj.)
jenetes the study of how certain characteristics
(69. eye, hat, and sn color are passed from
‘one generation ta the next by our genes gene (n.)
genetic (adj)

Identical exactly the same identicall (ad)

invading entering à county by force with an army
Invader (invasion (n)

persuade 10 cause someone to do something by
ing good reasons for doing it persuasive (a)

preserve to save or protect something forthe future
preservation (n)

set out 10 start Lying to do something

statistics numerical facts that are gathered
‘through analyzing information statistically (adv)
statistical (ad)

alta particular characteristic a person has

typical showing the most usual characteristics ofa
Person or thing typically (adv)

0 Language Summary

accessible easy to reach or ge int ft} access (vn)
accessibility (n)

‘adventurous wiling to take rsks and have new
experiences adventure (a)

atmosphere the character or feeing ofa pace
‘atmospheric (at)

breathtaking very beaut or amazing
reathiess (adj)

charm the quaity of being pleasant and attractive to
charm (4) charming (26)

convenience ease; suiatilty conve
Inconvenient (a0j)

destination the place you're going o (0)

diverse varied or diferent diversity (a)

end up to arrive at a place or condition

get away to 90 away on vacation getaway (n)

landmark wellknown building o place

luxurious comfortable and expensive luxury (2)

sxe (ad)
‘outsider a stranger

nt (adj)

particular someone cificul to please
Perspective point of view
peturesque atratve, especially in an olt-fashiones
way picture (n.)
remote far away remotely (adv)
rush to 90 rapid rush hour (n.)
solitude the sate of being or ing alone soio (a)
solitary (adj)
spontaneous coming from an impulse;
unplanned spontaneously (ac) spontaneity (1)
spot pi
timid someone who lacks confidence: shy
qui In)

ce locaton

‘tranquil calm and peacefu
tranquilier (0)

88. Unit 3

Unit 4

«consume to us, especialy in lage amounts
consumer (1) consumption (1) consumerism (n.)

contribute to be one of the causes of something
contribution (1) contributor (7)

convert to change conversion in)

ut back on to reduce Ihe amount of something
cutback in)

ut down to decrease

eliminate to remove something etl elimination (n)

‘entire the whole of something entirety (adv)

generate to make or produce

give up to quit doing something; to renounce

impact à strong effect to impact (4)

Justice a lack of faimess in a station
justice in)

pollute to contaminate pollution (n.) polluter (n.)
unpolluteé (ad)

prevent to keep from happening prevention (.)

produce 10 generate producer (1) production (1)

project to precia

reduce to make smaller in amount or number
reduction (n)

rely on to depend on or use reliable (dj)
‘unreliable (2)

residents the people who Ive in à certain place
(a house, neighborhood, cy country) to reside (v)
residential (a)

reverse to cause something to move in the opposte
rection reversal (1) irreversible (2d)

roadblock a stuation or condition that prevents
further progress, an obstacle

run out 20 use something (up) completely

source the origin or starung place of something

supply to give an amount; provide supplier (1)
supplies in.)

sustainable long lasting or good forthe
envronment to sustain) sustainability 1)
unsustainable (2d)

transmit end from one place to another place
transmission (n)

appearance, to make an 10 come out in pubic to
appear (u)

audience a group of people watching a performance
auditorium (n)

audition a snort performance given by a person to
demonstrate suitably fora show to audition (+)

benefit a social event to aise funds fora person or
cause to benefit (4) benefactor (n

charity an organization that helps people in need
charitable (ac)

commercial related tothe buying and seling of
‘goods and services commercially (adv
commerce (n)

convince to persuade someone (to do something)

demo a bre recording ilystating the abs of à

3

emerge to come out and be recognized of noticed

encounter 10 meet encounter (0)

enthusiasm a feeling of energetic interest in
something enthusiast 1) enthusiast (adj)

fund-raising a way for schools and other organizations
10 raise money fora particular purpose to fund-
raise (4) fund-raiser (n)

hardcore very commited (to something)

inspire encouraged (by) or motivated (oy)
inspiration (n.) inspirational (adj)

launch to start launch (n)

logo a special design used by a company
or group

mainstream most typical or conventional

performance singing, dancing, or acting for an
ausience to perform (x) performer (1)

promote to encourage the popularity or sales of
something prometer (n) promotional ad.)

realize to unders
realization (n)

6 something, sometimes sudden

Language Summary A10

89. Unit 5

Unit 6_

altitude height off the ground

‘atch (someone) off guard to be surprised by
someone or something

dient someone who pays a person or company fora
service; a customer

collapse 1o fal down suddenly collapse (n)
collapsible (ad)

disorientation confusion disoriented (ad)

encourage to gue someone confidence or hope
eiscourage (v)

freak out o lose contol and behave in an extremely
emotional or excited way

freeze to be unable o move or think

handle to deal with a problem or situation successful
10 mishandie (4)

injure to damage a part of a persons body Injury (n)

Intense very great or extreme intensely (adv)
intensity (1)

monitor to follow or check something regularly

ordeal a very dificult, suessul situation

Panic 0 feel very anxious or ara al of a sudden
panic In) panicky (2)

rescue to save someone from a dangerous situation
rescuer (a)

Fisk taker an adventurous person, unafraid of taking
chances risk (4) risky (ac) dangerous

rival a person you compete wit rivalry (n) (to) rival
Gad)

set of (fr a place: to star a tip

soakin to look at or enjoy a place as much as you can

summit top

‘rapped unable to escape trom a place o situation
because something is stopping you (to) rap in)

A11 Language Summary

‘adventurous wiling 10 take “sks and have new
experiences adventure (1)

affordable reasonably prced,inxpensie te afford (+)

authentic ea, genuine authenticity (n)

bargain to talk with someone to try o get a lower
‘price on something bargain (a)

brand a type of product made by a particular com

browse to look around casually

check (something) out to lock at

daring ready o take risks; adventurous to dere (v)

eal something good you buy usually for low price

dependable relacie

discount a reduction inthe usual price of something
{to} discount, ad)

fake not cal to) fake iv.)

{ashion-conscious someone interested in
rends, whatever the cost fashionista (n.)

goods products you buy

imitator someone who copies what someone ese
‘does to imitate (4) imitation (n)

outgaing friendly and sociable

practical someone incined toward useful and
functional things impractical (dj)

purchase to buy something purchase (.)

Quality how good or bad something is

recommend to suggest to someone that à
‘thing or person woud be good or useful
recommendation (1)

rip off something overpriced to lp off (v)

self-confident someone who tus in his/her an
abilities self-confidence (n)

serious someone who gives à ot of importance to
things seriously (a) seriousness (n)

sophisticated someone cultwated and elegant
sophistication (.)

(be) worth it tobe expensive because is
(9008 worthless (ad) werthy (ad)

quais

90. Grammar Summary

Unit 1

simple past Use for actions completed in the past at aspect
time (sometimes fee. Use ume expression ke a year go,
ie od last sams, and de otr dos.

past continucus: Use for ongoing past actions that may or may
not be completed. Use with the sm pas to deserbe what was

Review of Past Tenses

Wie graduated together
He worked there fora year

| was working all day yesterday

Vie were studying in college when we

going on when the action in the smoke past occurred Sere

lve worked here or à year
Have you eve studied Portuguese?

present perfect: Use for actons begun in the pat and continuing
Up to now and for actions in the pat that late othe preset. Use
tie expressions ike tel recent u 10 nom cng he st Inc
mca and hs week.
present perfect continuous: Use to emphasize the length ofan

| event In Spoken English he verb to ne 1 almost amays a contraction

Recent, rve been working too much.
She's been wafting for an hour

+ Use for (+a periodo time) and since (+ à secc pain intime) wih the perfect tenses to describe "ime up to
now" Use for but not since) with the Smple past tense for atime period that has come to an end

Uses of infinitives and Gerunds

Last summer | went overseas to study Engl.

tv ret to experience fe in a smal town

AL st. it was 120 hac to communicate in English.
Leerning the language was essen.

The smal tour Sno fo ling in te winter
and biking inthe summer.

100% formara te going back next yes

a
El
2
3
El
S

1. purpose infinite
2.it+ be adecine + infinitive

3 100 + adjectve + infinie

4, gerunds as subjects

5. agecthe + prepostion + gerund

6. verb + preposition + gerund

Review of Future Forms

| definite plans tm going to take the TOEFL next Saturday
{rm aking the TOEFL next Saturday
predictons By 2040, there are going to be over & ion people
on Earth
By 2040, there will be over 8 lion people on Earth,
promises I call you tonight after get home. won't forge.

ongoing futur actions Within ten yeas, Germany will be using less ol and more

tenesabie sources,

A12

“Grammar Summary

91. Unit 4

+ Note thatthe chat below is fst of common patterns and tendencies, You may hear or Se other uses, but learning
‘these patterns wil allow you to use Infinite complements in English correct and natural

Infinitive Complements

Infinitive complement hat folow the pattern ver + object + infinitive fal nto some
cormon verb rus including @ persuade ers (ads, cause, conune), © want verbs
{expect need), © bekeve ers (conser recognize, and © pan vers (orange) Group
(© ves are have, let, and make,

© Verb + objec + infinie She advised me to take the ob
© Vero + (objec) » mfnitve | She exnects me to apply.
Tea t find ajo

© Verb + object + infinitive of be | We consider him to be ine best singer
© Verb + or object + nine | They artanged for me to have an nensew.
© Verb + object + base form | Ms music makes me feel happy

Group ©: the objec requires. Group @: the object optional |
Group ©. follows tre pattern verb = object + infinitive, and the nie is usualy to be

(Group 0: follows the pattern verb = for object + infinitive

Group @: follows the some basic pattern, but requires the base form ofthe ve rather than
the fl inn.

' Note tha the presence or absence af the objet defines the meaning of the sentence,
She expects for meto apply. (She thinks | wil apy)
‘She expects o apply. She is planning to apply hese)

Adverbial Clauses
| Adverbial causes oxpla when, why, where, orin what way something happened, Adverbial uses begin with a
| connecting word. Wren the cause stars a sentence, iti flowed by a comma
Times after since, uhenever 3ssoon | After the mine collapsed, Ihe men were trapped. |

| as unt white, before, sen, The men were tapped after the mine collapsed. |
Reason: because, since Because the mine collapsed, the men were rapped, |
| Contrast although, (eventhough Even though it was hard, they survived for weeks
| Purpose: so than They closed Ihe mine so (that) an accident doesn’t happen again,
Before, after during, since, and unt can Before the collapse, the men heard a sound, |
lso be folowed by anoun hase. During the cobans, one man was njured
A8 Grammar Summary

92. Unité

Adjective Clauses with Subject Relative Pronouns

ho = for people © People who vist Dubai ducing the
shopping festival can get same rest deal

hich = for things © Tre festival. which gets over three milion
visitors lasts several weeks

that = for people and things © Nadia ssqmeone that spends a lot on dlothes.
15a fes that takes place every year

subject agreement © its. shop that sli discount electrones

(© They shons that sell designer hardbags.
Adicie causes give more informatio about a noun and begin witha relative
pronoun (ho, which, that)
In O, the adjctwe cause gives necessay information about the subject. It completes
‘the meaning of the sentence

the cdc cise ges extra information about the subject You don't need ito
compete the meaning of the sentence Is separated from the man clase by comas.

+ When an adjective cause gives extra information, that cannot be used
The festival, that which gets over three millon vistors
Don epeat the subject after the relative pronoun:

He's person who he spends a fot on clothes.

+ Inevenyday spoken English, hat is used much more often than which to desenbe things.
Did you buy the jacket that was on sale?

Grammar Summary

El
El
El
3

Ata

93. Skills Index

connections
‘tural ambassador, 3
energy it survey. 28
flea markt bargaining 65
fundrasng, 41
problem solving, 53
sting tours, 17

conversor, 47
escape planing, 59
free stores, 71
queston game, 11
Ses, 35
vacation ates, 23
jeta loses, 63, A14
Acurio uses, 51, A13
‘comparative forms, Aid
future fom, 27,A12
infintves
complement, 39, 13
gerunds and, 15,12.
past tenses, 3,12
saline, veros and nouns, 35
family tees, 4
sala, 40
shopping comersations, 64
rest stuators, 82
programs, 28
wang tours, 16
We sites 4

Pronunciation
Peteronyms and ses eit, 26, A3
intonation, 483
intonation patterns and relative causes, A6
inking sounds, Aa
reduction in perfect modal, A7
“ing and fling inonaton, At
stress anges with pels orl sus, AZ
suff 14
‘thought grups, AB
‘pple aves pattern in Ihre-plable word. AS

Readings
eopata, 7
Even Shoe Tela Story, 67
HipHop Goes Home, 43
Mount eres’ Deadiest Day. 58

AIS skills Index

Plugging Into The Sun, 30-31
Traveling Toubadour, 19

denityng ley dea, 30

Speaking strategies
‘making suggesons and ging advice, 20
persuading an audence to change, 34
reaching a compromise, 57
reacting o paints of van. 69
responding o questions, 10
alero pros and cons, 6
ut stations 8-59
energy halenges, 24-35
peogle, 1
performers, 36-47
shopping, 60-71
vacarons, 12-23

Barcelona’ Stet Life, 21
Howto Spot a Fake Louis won 89, 68
The Human Fam hee. 5

Songs under 09 Sky, 44

Sunning Dooly Everest, 56

We Need to Be Leaders Ours, 32
dificult stuatons $0, A10-A11
energy, 26, A9-A10

people, 2,9

performance, 38, 10

Shopping. 62, A

time expressions, 45

tranportation, ATT

vacations, 14,9

descrotve paragraphs, 22

personal sement, 9

esuasve paragraphs, 33-34
presenting an defending argument, 70
profes 45

«sento mental mages, 22
copla the tps à proces, 58
raking access arguments, 70
paraprvasn, 45

personal statement, 9

Person, 33

94. | JA]
- World Class

WORKBOOK

NANCY DOUGLAS | JAMES R. MORGAN

HE | ql CENGAGE
LEARNING Learning"

95. CONTENTS

Who We Are

The World Awaits ..

The Great Energy Challenge ..

Review ..

Unit 4 The World's a Stage
Unit 5

Unit 6

4-6

Review Surveys ...

Review Puzzles

Contents mi

96. Credits

Photo Credits

p.2: ©iStockphoto.com/Noam Armonn; p. 4, top: National Geographic Maps/National Geographic

Image Collection; iStockphoto.com/Pgiam: p 8: OiStockphoto.com/Sava Alexandra; p.5, lett Dmitry
Berkut/Shutterstock.com; p. 9, right: Vakhrushev Pavel/Shutterstock com; p. 10: deepblue-photographer/
Shutterstock.com: p. 10, inset pavalena/Shutterstock com; p. 14: RTimages/Shutterstock cam; p. 16:

Jim Parkin/Shutterstock.com; p. 17: Elena Elisseeva/Shutterstock.com; p. 20: ©iStockphoto.cora/
PhotoTalks p.21: Everett Collection Ine/Alamy; p 22: 8iStockphoto.com/Tom England; p. 23, left: AMA/
Shuterstack.comt p. 23, right: iStockphoto.com Valentin Casarsa; p. 24 Paul Buck/epa/ Corbis p. 27:
mypokeik/Shutterstock.com; p. 30, left: ©iStockphoto.com/Gene Chutka;p. 30, right: iStockphoto.com!
DSGpro; p.33 lft: Viorel Sima/Shutterstock.com; p.33, right: Bevan Goldswain/Shutterstock.coms p. 242
‘iStockphoto com/innovationmedia: p. 35, let: StockLite/öhutterstock.com; p. 35, right: ©iStockphoto.com/
Orchidpoet; . 36, top: Emili Padrés/Fmiliana Design Studio; p. 36, bottom: OiStockphoto.com/Lia Sara;
1p 40: SiStockphoto.com/Joshua Blake .

Text Credits

Readings from the following units were adapted from National Geographic. Unit 1 Adapted from From
Africa to Astoria by Way of Everywhere by Jamie Shreeve, National Geographic Magazine, August 17, 2009,
Unit 3 Adapted from The Price of Power by Michelle Nijhis, National Geographic Magazine, March 2009.
Unit 6 Adapted from Designers: Create Cool Products for the Future and Make Them Work! by Marc Silver
National Geographic Magazine Blog Central, March 13, 2008

Credits

97. Unit 1 Outcomes:
| E Who We Are "sw ar us
a A...

Vocabulary and + espina eat ulfetons
Grammar + handle challenging questions

A. Circle the correct word to complete the sentences.

Beatie has come up with / determined 3 pla for her project.
The survey she creates typical ambitious because it requires alt of effort
She analyzing some statistics ri from a study about student e-mal use

1
2
3
4, The survey shows that it i ambitious / yal behavior for a student t check e-mail ten times a day
s.
6

tals shows hat the ¡ica average number of students who read the news online is 7 out of 10
Beatrice is able to se out determine that Internet use is becoming more important in students Ives

B Read Javiers blog entry. Then complete the sentences with the correct past-tense verb form.

| moved to Toronto thee years ago for work, and have never taken a vacation, The project am working on is
very demanding. Sometimes | have to spend twelve hours a day at the office! But m starting to burn out, so
1 determined that should ask my boss for some time off. When | are yesterday, [was surprise to see that
she was waiting by my desk, “Good morning, Javier." she sad, "You know, "ve been thinking that you need a
break from this projec. You've shown me that you're ambitious, but everyone needs a vacation.” What luck!
"Now have 10 come up with a plan for where Lo go. Hmm... well, [ve always wanted 0 visit Past

1. Javier i Toronto for thee yeas
2. He a very demanding project.
3. He fall that he should take some time off
4, Javier boss by his desk when ne REN
5. She thinks Javier that he ambitious.
6. Jair 1099 to Pais, so hei probably spend is vacation tete
Answer the questions with complete sentences. ‘OUTCOME MET: handle challenging questions

1. In what ways are you typical compared to other students in your school In what ways ae you diferent? —

2. How do you determine i someone you meet might become a iend? — E

3. What i one personaly trat that you wish you could change about yourself?

4. [sit good to be ambitious? Explain your answer.

5. What does it mean to be average? [sit a good thing? — —

Who We are 1

98. D Read Irene quotes. Then write the questions that prompted her answers.

or ir four jeans” +

wave been ta Japan.”

aebrated our twentieth anniversary in Tokyo.

A. “Iwas preparing for my grandson’ birthday part when you calles
5. "Tate dmerat Magnolias on Saturday night with my famiy

‘OUTCOME MET: use past tenses to ask and answer questions about memorable life events

E Use the word prompts to write sentences according to your own experiences. Be sure to pay close
attention to the use of the past tenses

Example: during the last two weeks / come up with

During the last Uno weeks, ve come up with an da for my term

recently note
2. year) ago set out

overtime / deer

yesterday /(any ver) when =
my any relative) bes ait 5

mn

Video

A Write the letter of the correct answer.

1. T get the DNA samples, the scientists use _— 3. Spencer Wels compares our DNA 10

a. cheek swabs a. the branches of a family tee
D pin picks b. a famiy photo alum
© hair samples €. a historic document

2. The people in the video are excited about the study 4. According to Weis, the DNA sequence of two
because they want. related people 5. identical
a. torescarch tal family vees a. only 10%
b. to earn more about thee deep ancesty Pb. almost 100 %
+. 10 fn out about New York history €. about 50%

Bin your own words, summarize what you know about the goals and outcomes of this study.

‘OUTCOME MET: summarize the key outcomes of a study
2 ur

99. Writing

Towhom it may concer.

| Would ike to appy for the job of Study Abroad Advisor at the Unwesty of Massachusetts
Lam hardworking and molvated. Because | have spent the past two years working ata
small company oromoting study abroad for highschool students, fel tat | am qualified
for this job. One of my best wats my able to cary out several projets at once. In my
last postion, ad sed students through the apolation process and helped prepare them
for ther tps. | also coordinated and problensoved with host stitution in Len different.
‘counties. | worked with facity to come up wi ideas for the academic programs. It es a
very ambitious task! At the same tine, helped find host fama for students

[ako have personal expenence in this fd. When | vas twenty et Out 1 ear

| ‘Spanish by paricpatng in a study abroad program in Argentina and it changed my If Im
‘uent in Spanish and Portuguese and lve to encourage others to travel and earn about

‘ther culture. Please consider me forthe postion

Sincere
| alyssa M Dans

A Underline the key words in the letter that describe the candidate's qualifications.
|B Imagine that you are going to interview Alyssa for the study abroad advisor job. Write three
| interview questions and the answers. Ask about the candidates past experience and qualifications

(| Example: — Q: Sa way did you decide to apply to become a Study Abroad Advisor?

A. Well Ihave alot of personal ard professional experiercein study abroad programs.

(OUTCOME MET: use past tenses to ask and answer questions about memorable life events

© Nowimagine the interview with Alyssa is over. Write an e-mail message to a colleague summarizing
he interview. Describe what the job candidate's qualifications are. Explain whether or not you
should hire her.

(OUTCOME MET: explain and evaluate qualifications

100. Reading

From Africa to Astoria by Way of Everywhere

"he Astoria section of Queens, New York, sone ofthe most diverse communities on Earth, Ata street festival in aly 2008,
people from a backgrounds walked among the booths The un was hot, and the mood was happy. A tal Mond man with
pale skin walked through the crowd. He topped to ak to people
he found them willing, be asked if he could borrow afew
skin calls from inside their month.

Spencer Wells and his coworkers with the
Genographie Project have been trading around
the worl for many years. They are calling
DNA samples from hundreds of ethnic
groups They compare the DNA ofthese
groups and try to map the history of human
movement over the past 20,000 years
‘when modern humans begas in Africa

1 Gerographic Project looks at the

IDNA that parents pas to their children,
Over generations, smal changes, called
genetic markers, take place on this DNA. To
Wels nd other scientists these markers are

like history book. After ancient humans =
moved out of fric, they separated fom

‘eachother and entered new lands, As they moved, hey gathered dire genetic masters tat show the history oftheir
‘movement, Each person today keeps such a pattern,

a more recent times the groups have come together agin in New York and other diver areas, “From the beginning
ofthe project” Wells sys, Te wondered iit would be possible to sample all the major lineages’ on Earth an a singe
street On JO Avenue he los did The 193 volunteers his project were carrying genetic marker for almost every
major movement to the continents. The only ising lineage was the oldest one The scientist found i in a group of hunter

herein southern Africa, Their ancestors sparse from
‘other modern humans more han 10000 yeas ago

The DNA of sal, separate group ike these sl aly
shows the history of their movements, But in places ice
Queens, people fom around the world have been sharing DNA
for generations. Thee histories are being lst. The Genographic
Project tries to focus on populations tha are nt par fa big
mix of genes the way Astoria

Everybody talks about Astori ike its Greck sys
George Delis a reed community manager and a Greek
imengrant himsc "Well isnot Greek. I everyting

nenn rarer can aura

101. A Check (4) True or Fals Then correct the false sentences. Compare your answers with a partner.

+ True False
4. The main reason Spencer Well went to Astoria was to attend the festa oo
2. Over generations, DNA patterns have remained exact Ihe same. oo
3. Genetic markers from almost al of the major human morements were found in

the DNA patterns ofthe 193 volunteers from 30th Avenue. D oo
A. Unfortunatly there were many missing lineages in the study. 9 0
5. The history of movement is easier to trace in the DNA of small separate groups,

ke the huntergatheres of southern Alca. oo

6. In places Ike New York, with people rom al over the world, genetic histories are
very wel preserved :

B Answer the questions about the reading

1. Whats the purpose ofthe reading?” — =

isthe

se of the Genog

3. Why is the project important?

( 4, Why was a group of hunter gatherers important to the project?

5. Wy st hard forthe scientists to ind al of the genetic markers in places where ethnic groups are mixed? —

| € what do you think you would learn about your heritage ifyou had participated in the Genographic
Project? Write a paragraph that includes what you already know and what you think you'd find out,

Who We Are 5

102. Outcomes

A Answer the following questions based on your personal experience.

1. Whats something that happened to you when you were a child?

2. What were you doing around this time last year?

3. How long have you been studying English? ————

How did you do?: On a scale of 1-5 (5 being the best), how well did you use the past tenses
to ask and answer questions about memorable life events?

B Answer the questions about the Genographic Project, according to the video and the reading

1. What di the Genographic Projet hope to find out?

2. What di the participants inthe project learn about the people in dei community?

3. What dd the researchers eam from the Genograa

oje? =

How did you dot: On a scale of 1-5, how well did you summarize the key outcomes of a study? _

© Explain why you would be qualified to teach English to a friend who cannot understand English.
Provide at least three qualifications.

How did you do?: On a scale of 1-5, how well did you explain and evaluate qualifications? z
D Answer the following questions.

1. You are apphing fora job in an office What is your best qualficavon? —

2. You are ing out forthe soccer team. Why should yo be picked?

3. You didn't do an assignment nat due tomorrow. Why should your teacher alow you more time to work ont?

How did you do?: On a scale of 1-5, how well did you handle challenging questions? =

Unie 1

103. The World Unit 2 Outcomes
Awaits ea,
en

Vocabulary and nn
Grammar + give, accept, and question advice

| A. complete the dialogue with the correct vocabulary words. Two words will not be used

accessible atmosphere convenience diverse remote
‘adventurous breathtaking destination getaway tranquil

Nancy: Hey, cid tol yout decides where Im going on vacation?
No, You didn’. So where sit this ime? Some luxurious tourist (1) where people
bring you food and drinks al day long?

Nancy: No. This ime m going for something that ist so busy want to rela, so found someplace more
Cu 15 call San Pedro La Laguna. in Guatemala on à ake sunounded by
mountains. Her, l show you pictures. The views are (3)

Martina: Wow, Guatemala, that far... you are so (1) Tooke very (5) —

don’t even see any roads. How do you get there?

Nancy: San Pedro & only (6) by boat, and it only goes once a day misst, have 1 wat
| another say
| Martina: So you ont ha the) of coming and going as you please.

Nancy: Ko, and tatshowIwantit cont wat 6 8) tom eveything and enjoy the

natural arm of te mountains

B Unscramble the words to make a correct statement.

Example: my summer vacation /to spend lke in Maine /1
ike to spend my summer vacation in

| 1. shopping / and ning of Camden / The picturesque town is amos for
2, ant souvent My cousin /1o eng her om Porand/ me

3. Acad National Park hiking /My parents plan / on at

4. itis / thinks / 40 inthe water My ster that 0 sim cold
5. is/under the stars / Camping / breathtaking

‘The Word Awaits 7

104. 8

Answer the questions with complete sentences

1. Why do people go on vacation? — =
2. What are you looking forward 10 on your next vacation?

and why git famous

3. Whats famous place you have ws

4. What is you favorite hing to do on vacation?

5. Whats something that you find 100 hard to do when traveling on vacation?

‘OUTCOME MET: use gerund and infinitive structures to describe experiences.

D Youanda fiend are going to travel together. You can either Charm Lets go to...
stay ata hotel in the city or go camping in the mountains. et way luxurious
Write an e-mail t your friend using expressions or words Plan on. picturesque
from the list. think we should... remote

Ii great to. spot

I known for... tranquil

‘OUTCOMES MET: use gerund and infinitive structures to
describe experiences; make travel recommendations

Video

A Answer the questions according to the video.

| Whats special about Barcelona? _

1
2. Why id one speaker Ike it beter than Amsterdam?
3. At what time of day is Las Ramblas Ich? -

4. Wat places did the speaker mention when describing the international music and theater?

5. What are the flower shops Ike?

B | Imagine you visited Las Ramblas. Describe it and recommend it toa friend.

OUTCOMES MET: use descriptive language effectively; make travel recommendations
unit2

105. Writing

© Nowimagine that you have been to the place in the photo. Describe the location and recommend it
10 a fellow traveler. Be creative!

A. Choose one of the photos of india and write down as many words as you can to describe what
you see.

B_ Use at least three of the words from Activity A to write complete sentences describing the place
you chose.
1
2 _
3

‘OUTCOMES MET: use descriptive language effectively; make travel recommendations

‘The World Awaits

106. Reading

Bella Costa: Italy's Amalfi Coast

‘With a consi 07.600 Kilometer (4700 miles),
‘aly has its share of seaside beauty. But vers
willl you that no par of ts more breshtaking
than the Amal Coast,

Located in southern Hal onthe Sorentine
Peninsula and overlooking the Bay of Naples the
Amalfi Coast offers one of the most scene drives
ina of Europe. |

‘The Dest ay to Sethe Amalf Coast by
bus, fortwo reasons, is, the cury road and.
‘steep dif ofthe coast can be dangerous, is |
Det o Lave the driving to those with experience.

Second, you wont be able to Keep your eyes on
‘the road, thanks othe lar be sea athe
harming villes that dot he consti

Sorrento

Bases eave Sorrento every our between 500 am.
and 1030 pam. First they cut across the tip ofthe
the coat Travelers can get off at any of the 13 villages long the coast. The

Peninsula going cast until hey meet up
and one of the most scenes Positano,

Positano

Anyone who forms a mental image af Mediterranean Italy probably imagines Positano. The picturesque village has served as
‘the setting for stores by Steinbeck and movies by Minghella. Tour the village and visit clothing stores and cafés, or enjoy the |
sun onthe local (but rocky) beach

Amal

Farther along the coast, you ative to the village of Amal Along with Genoa Pisa, and Venice, Amalfi wasa powerful
trading port during the day ofthe Roman Empire. Now give is name to the entire coast, while the village sels known
forts uxurous resorts and expensive shops. Be prepared to pay an arm and a eg ou spend along ime ther,

Ravello

Set back from the coast om a high hls the wage of Ravello, With ony 2.500 people tis ne ofthe small towns on the
“Amal Coast but ls one ofthe loveliest. String atthe views ofthe cosine from Ravello helps you se why so many atts
Have spent time therefor inspiration, Vite Villa Rufolo tose where Richard Wagner wrote his opera Pari

“Tip End

From Ravel the coast ond takes you through the vlg of Minori—whene you can see the uns of 2000-year-old Roman
land Mari were he beach rally sandy you end up atthe lage pot cy of Salerno. Getting Ihe ost out
‘of deve along the Amalf Coast means picking the beste to do it From October to May there ar fever canon the road

and fewer tourists No matter wha time Fe be? spas song tn ured yw ad oca snd
prepared fora drive you won forget. pio Li tr er ado ste
10 Unit2

107. A. Match the place to its description based on the reading,

1. — Once a major center of trade, now its known for expensive shops a. Ravel
2. Authors and fimmakers have used this ilage in their stores. bo Amal
3. — Thisvlage is small but has breathtaking vers € Sorento.
4, Viors can find ruins here that are thousands of years o. 4, Positano
5. — Buses eave this town hourly on tips down the coast. e. Minot
6. — A sandy beach is Ihe man attraction of this coastal lage. € Mair

B_ Answer the questions with complete sentences.

1. According to the author, why went you be abe to Keep your eyes on the road? What does that mean? —

2. What does the author believe the vilage of Ravello did for Richard Wagner?

3. The author el the reader to “be prepared to pay an arm and a eg.” Based on ¿he content, what do you think
pay an arm and a leg means? E

4. Why does the author thnk taking a buss the best way to see the Amal Coast?

| 5. Do you thnk it would be an adventurous vip? Why or why not?
yo

€ Imagine that you are creating an itinerary fora trip to the Amalfi Coast. Write three questions for
the travel writer based on the travel advice and recommendations he gave.
1
2
3

‘OUTCOME MET: give, accept, and question advice

D Imagine that you just got back from your trip to the Amalfi Coast. Weite a brief paragraph describing
your favorite part ofthe tip and why you would recommend going there. Use atleast three words

from the list.
beautiful crowded scenic
busy impressive spectacular

‘OUTCOMES MET: use descriptive language effectively; make travel recommendations

The World Awaits "

108. Outcomes

À Think about a place you love to vist and why you like it. Then write three sentences about it using
adjectives and descriptive phrases

How did you do?: On a scale of 1-5 (5 being the best), how well did you use descriptive
language effectively? =

Answer the questions th complete setences Be sure use gerunds and finite construction |
your answers.

4. What do you thinks rude to do when traveling?
2. What ate you looking forward to doing next summer?

3. What do you realy enjoy doing on weekends?

4. Why do people exercise?

What makes you ted?

How did you do”: On a scale of 1-5, how well did you use gerund and infinive structures
to describe experiences? EA

© Give travel recommendations to someone who is coming to vist your town,
1. Howto ge there get around: —
2. What too:
3. Where to eat |

you do?: On a scale of 1-5, how well did you make travel recommendations? — y |

D Read the situations. Then write complete sentences following the prompts

1. Your friend ls going to the beach. Its a very hot, sunny day and there are big waves
Ge her advice

2. You plah on soencing a semester in Argentina. Your professor suggests that you stay witha fail rather than
lvein adorm. Accept her arce

3. A tele suggests that you avoid traveling on an overnight ain in Europe.
‘Question nis advice:

How did you do: On a scale of 1-5, how well did you give, accept, and question advice? ==
12 unit 2

e tí

109. The Great Energy unit3 outcomes

Challenge Does.

+ expres an opinion and ge examples
Vocabulary and aa
Grammar + persuade an audience to make a change.
| A Match the vocabulary word tots definition
1. — o make someting avaliable to someone or something A
2. change someting o the opposite b. eiminte
2 tou alotat «entire
4. able tobe manned generate
5. — toget id of something e projec
$ toweupal o someting Kreis
7. __ people who ve na sect area 9. tse

| 8. thewtol of something ho mms
9. to guess about the future based on cuen ima i apr
10. to ete someting 1. susahabe

B Choose the expression that best completes the sentence based on the future use in parentheses.

Example: 13m going to (send my résumé tomorow promise

1, Tomorrow Im going nil have an interview at an environmental aw fm. (deiie plan)
2. l'm going to / will deve to the interview at 9:00. (definite plan)

3. My dad is swe that they ave offering wi offer me the jo. (prediction)

4, 1m going 10 cal my patents after get home from the interview. (promise)

5. They wil be being / wil be so exited for me. (prediction)

6. Satcha going to /wil work hard because she cares about the environment. (rois)

7. ln years, she i going to be / wl be a

2 soon

sine in he rm. (prediction)
vil be going tobe known for protecting resources, (ongoing Future action)

thin 10 year,

| Fallow the prompts to write complete sentences about he future
Example: ongoing futue action at this time tomorow

| At thio time tomorrow be lng at home _

| definite plans for next weekend: — mu

prédiction for 2030:

1
2

3. promise for ater today
4, ongoing future action in fin years: — ps

|, OUTCOME MET: refine your use of future tenses

‘The Great Energy Challenge 13

110. D Complete the sentences with your own ideas,

1. Inthe future, more people —

2. In the fur, my family

3. in the future, my county E

‘OUTCOME MET: refine your use of future tenses

E Imagine your workplace uses alot of paper. Write a message to your
‘coworkers expressing why you believe its a problem. Give examples,
Use as many of the words in the box as you can.

bynextmonth eliminate runout sustainable
‘consume relyon supply withina year

‘OUTCOME MET: express an opinion and give examples to support it

Video

A. Watch the video and check (4) True or False, Then correct the false sentences

Tue ale
1. Lauren is wore about he impacto cal energy on the community o 0
2. Ste grew up in à tom that sere fom air potion. oo
3. Lauren believes he coa plan nBridgepot can provide newbs. oo
4. Greenpeace wants o shutdown the cal plant. oo
5. Lauren fs that the ony way to hl sto ask our ders oo

B Do you agree with Greenpeace efforts to shut down the coal plant? Why or why not?

14 Unica

111. Writing

| COMB TO THE ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION COMMITTEE MEETING!
| ‘Thursday, February 16th 7:00 p.m. Port Regis Lbrny Conference Room

The ar quality in Port Regis terrible Polution from cars, buses, and tucks makes the ar too diy
to breate, Tales a majo: problem, The factories are aso contrbuting to the problem. Some

{esidens have complained of the short-term health effects of ir poston such a ore throats and
icity breathing, fe don't make a change, people wil suffer from severe long-term health
effects such as hung cancer and heart disease. We ae concerned that our children and elderly
resdents wil be affected the most. Because of this, we need to make changes. tart biking or
‘walking instead of ding shor distances. Take pubic transportation, Mow your owns every two
weeks instead of every weck, Lets make our iy a heathy place to Ivel

| A Read the flyer and answer the questions with complete sentences.

| 1. Whats the committe’ opinion about the cys air quay?

| 2. What examples does the fer give o lustrate the committees opinion?

3. What changes does the flyer suggest? Why?

B Think of an environmental issue that affects your town, city or region. Then fill inthe chart below.

[Environmental issu ‘My opinion about the issue: = ‘examples o ilustratemy |

‘What will happen in the future | My suggestions / ideas to help: | Why I
change

OUTCOMES MET: refine your use of future tenses; express an opinion and give examples to support it
persuade an audience to make a change

‘The Great Energy Challenge 15

112. 16

Reading

‘The Price of Power

‘When moved toa small tren in
ester Colorado te years ago, coal
pt me warm a night. bought a
to of coal ech fal fr cheap, party
because lived ner hs source, Less
than ten miles away, workersat
‘hee mines send cal into tucks,
‘which transport through the
salle and beyond

Lstopped using coal long
ago in favor of lar panes, but
the valley’ mines sl wrk
underground. The geology ofthis
region isis future. Those who want
leaner fuel ae looking to natural
as from the Rocky Mountains
From Montana to New Mexico, a
thousands of wellhead! new roads, aus othe nt
Pipelines, and fences have been
Bit because o the high demand
for natural gas. This construction disturbs animals and destoys he land, while anchers and huntersaik ate outraged. The
search fr fossil fuels causes destruction and suffering in these areas.

But the industry continues part because people ll ver the world need energy, and pally because she money
At bring in helps local communities. To many smal tons, the gas industry has benefits: In he tiny town of Pinedale,
"Wyoming, public-school students enjoy a $20-nuttoarrcreattan-zemer ant lssrooms wit gh recto I is paid forby
taxes fom gas companies

Jobs in mines or around gas wells can be dangerous but pay well Sometimes these jobs ar the best option around for
people without college dation. And workers in the energy industry all over the word are proud of her jobs theyre
doing a dangerous job well. they carrying on a fly or community tradition, and they serving fellow citiens. When
change comes, its offen sen ea threst, ot help.

‘But change is coming, and some of ofers a better deal, Under a new Colorao law the states major energy
comps must buy 20% of cir energy from renewable ses by 2020, Wind turbines and solar pands are appearing
‘0 Colorado farms. I my town, on the edge ofthe gs field, tb old mie school till hosts safety training fr nal ines.
‘But les than a ol avay a the nonproft Solar Energy International, experts on renewable energy ate showing building
contractor, leticia, and retired oil and gas workers how 10 make money fom this new energy technology Gevlogy
remains the future het, bt no for long

unit

113. A. Choose the correct answer based on the reading.

1. The author now uses to heat her home
a coal », solar panels € natural gas
2 from the Rocky Mountains is one source of deaner fue.

a. Coal b. Solar energy €: Natural ges

3. The pipelines and welheads inthe Rocky Mountains have a negative impact on
a. animals and land bo ar qualiy and crops €. fs, rivers, and lakes

4 The reason Pinedale, Wyoming, has a high-tech recreation center is due to
a. gascompany taxes b. government loans © profs from coal mining
5. According to the author jobs in mines are
a. safe, but do not pay web, not wort the risk €: agood option for people
who can't o to college
6. In Colorado, the increase in reflect a greater interest in renewable energy
a. welheads and coal mines — b. solar panels and wind turbines. safety taining fr coal miners

B The author mentions the pros and cons of diferent energy sources. Fil in the chart with information
from the article

Coal

[Natural gas |

[Solar power |
t 1

(OUTCOME MET: identify the pros and cons of an issue

© Imagine that you are an environmental activist living in
Colorado. Using ideas from the reading along with your
‘own opinions, try to convince the residents of your town
‘to switch from coal to solar or wind energy.

‘OUTCOMES MET: persuade an audience to make a change; express an opinion and give examples
to support it

‘The Great Energy Challenge, 17

114. Outcomes

A. Write four sentences using future forms.
efinive plans)
(oracion)

(rome)
(ongoing future actions) OO

How did you do?: On a scale of 1-5 (5 being the best), how well did you refine your use
of future tenses?

B_Ust three pros and three cons of the following issue

Issue: everyone should take public transportation instead of driving cars
Pros:

Cons

How did you do? On a scale of 1-5, how well did you identify the pros and cons of an issue?

© What do you think is the most important environmental concern today? Give your opinion along
with two examples to support it.

How did you do?: On a scale of 1-5, how well did you express an opinion and give examples
to support it?

D Think of a change that should be made at your school or in your town or city. Write three sentences
to persuade your fellow students or residents to help make the change.

1
2
2

How did you do?: On a scale of 1-5, how well did you persuade an audience to make a change?

18 units

115. 1-3] Review

Vocabulary Review

AA Write the word from the box that has the opposite

meaning

1. runout 4, ambitious
5. ppal
6. consene

advance nearby timid
consume noisy. unmotivated
incomplete supply ‘unusual

7. adventorous —
8. entre
9. reverse

B Answer the questions using words from the it. Not all words are used,

accommodations
ambitious

breathtaking

diverse remote

picturesque

resort sustainable
statistes tranquil

1. What are two words that could describe the view from the summit of Mount Everest?

2. What ae two words that could describe a topical sand where no one ves?

3. What ype of energy source is solar power?

4. Which word best deserbs a plan thats difficult to cary out?

5. What are wo words hat can come after fusunious?

Write sentences using the following word partnerships.

1. typical behavior:
2. vacationspor

3. energysource

D Complete each sentence with your own ideas.

(ona typical weekend, | —
My favorite vacation destination

My most interesting personality traits
‘My most adventurous experience was when —

project tra by 2050 — - _

116. Grammar Review

‘A. fillin the blank with the correct past-tense form of the verb in parentheses,

1. 1 dio tug French for two years

2. Before that, 1 (to be) sener at a French
restaurant and learned some words.
Then! fo decide) to take some clases

4. One day last semester, (to reat a French
novel at home when my professor — (o cal)

5. Shesaié, "You (to learn) lor in my cas,
and think you should stay in Pars.

(to want) to go to Europe since twas à

lite boy, and Im o excited fr this opportunity!

7. My parents — 2 (lo say) that they want to visit

=
me. hope they do

8. Im excited to learn more French, but fo work) hard late can wait to see the sights!

B Circle the correct word or phrase.

(1) Camping / To camp is best when you have a breathaking waterfiont view There are ots of great places
(2) camping / to camp by the water Have you ever (3) going / been to Great Ocean Road Tourst Park in
Australia? Located in à tranqui ares, isa great spot fo (4) diving, fishing, and swirnming / to dive, to
fish, and to swim, Last year, our tour company (5) sent / was sanding a group of twelve people on an
Australian adventure tour for a month. Their favorite par ofthe adventurous trip (6) was / Is camping.
the water, Net year, they all are (7.) have gone / going to go back again, Everyone is fooking forward to
(8) get /getsing away! |

9

C Answer the questions in complete sentences using the correct future form (in italics). |

1. What sa definite plan you have for next weekend?

2, Wat is prediction you have about Ihe wold in ten years?

3. What's promise you might make toa fiend when you're saying goodbye?

4. What ongoing future action can you see youre doing bythe end ofthe year?

20 Units 1-3

117. The World's a Unit 4 Outcomes
Stage > gro amenant

| + state the pros and cons of making a decison

Vocabulary and eee ee
Grammar + paraptvase information from other sources

A Complete each sentence with a word from the box. Three words will not be used,

‘appearance commerdel emerged Inspired mainstroam
audience convinced hardcore launched performance

1. Susan Boyle is Sconish singer who in 2009 ater she appeared
on the TV show Britain's Gor Toten,

‘When the judges fist saw her, they were not at she could sing

But her of the song " Dreamed a Dream” surprised everyone.

The gave hera standing ovation when she ished singing

The iow her singing career, Her fist album, Dreamed a Dream,

was atthe top of the chat inthe United Kingdom.

6. She began to make many on television and n concer
Millions of people ako watched her performances onine, and Susan Boyles
talent soon reached a — auélence

B indicate the expression that best completes the sentence

=

ample: state Mr ce, conned Di ato i ho
1. Tester cone Le Ve bestia y e ns

2 Marena Dips Zr, roger so

3, Me e e nemo an lan he py Othe e

5

s

7

[At rehearsal he advised Tan 19 dion top out of the schoo! play.
He said

the did 10 fl! her voice was right forthe lead part.
e needed to find find a new lead actress quick.

©. Respond to each statement with a sentence using "1," the verb in parentheses, and your own idea.

Example: Kristen wants to be a fashion model (arange) arrange for her to 90 0 Paris fora week

1. Roberts an actor wh can't sing well (advise). =
2, Zana in a great band, and she's got an amazing voice, (conside) —
3. Malia and Maya dance very wal, They want to be on TV. expect) —"""

&. They would lke to audition for Oklahoma (arrange) —

5. Unfortunately, Anyaman is not a very talented actor. (ee) — AS

6. Heis better beh
‘OUTCOME MET: use

1d the scenes, (comince) — — —
iniives to complement certain types of verbs.

‘The World's a Stage 21

118. D_ Your friend wants to compete ina talent show for several weeks far from home. She would miss
school and an important family event. She asked you to help with her decision. Write an e-mail
message to your friend in which you mention two pros and two cons, Use at least four expressions
from the box.

convince hard-core I consider you... performance
demanding have / don't have them... launch “They will arrange for you...
emerge l'advise you.. let / don't let them You need to...

(OUTCOME MET: state the pros and cons of making a decision

Video

A. Weite the letter of the correct answer.

1. lala comes trom a family knowin for ts 3. lal learned when he was 5.
a. singers a. 10309 Seannés
Do. guitar players to speak Engish
€ ans © to speak Gaelic
2. On the fist day of schoo, his teacher had 4, He was abe to jon the Afro-Cel Sound System
im without
3. audition fr the school play a. making an appearance
bo sing on top of a desk b. an audience
€: ent a col breakfast © an audition

B Write a paragraph about larla' life, Be sure to include important events in the order in which
they occurred,

— - |

‘OUTCOME MET: use time expressions to order life events

22 Una

119. Writing

A What isthe life of a celebrity like? Beautiful houses? Lots of attention? Privacy? Write words and
| Phrases to describe the pictures.

B Make a lst of the pros and cons of being a celebrity on a reality TV show.

Pros Cons

© Imagine that you are an aspiring celebrity (model, musician, chef, actor, etc). You are well-known,
by your hard-core fans, but you are not very famous in the mainstream media yet. You have been.
| approached by a TV producer who wants to create a realty show about your lie. Will you do it?
Write a response to the producer with your decision. Include two pros and two cons of being on
reality television along with atleast two expressions from the Ist.

Artange or me. 1 consider mei You can /cant conuince me to.
Have / Dont have me. Let Don't me You want me to.

OUTCOMES MET: use infiitives to complement certain types of verbs: state the pros and cons of making
a decision

‘The Worlds a Stage 23

120. Reading

Grupo Fantasma Brings Home the Grammy Gold

(Over the past decade, Latin funk and Grupo Fantasma
hasbeen prised by many crite fr its new word
smeet-ol-school music Now, the Austin-based te
pce orchestra bas won its first Grammy Award? for
52010 album, El Estena.

tars Beto Martinez spoke with us
about how the band go started, the ros

ofits musi and hat es eto win a
Grammy:

How did Grupo Fantasma come about?
Te was really a merger of two bands. Oi

as player Greg Gonzler drummer

Johnny Lopez, and had a band in (Members of Grape Fantasma ater Ke Aternative
AR roman Abu atthe Sard anna Grammy Award

in 1996, Once we were ere, we met up with Adrian, the other guitar player, who had a band with Dave Lobe,
‘whol our manager now We decide todo. show in 2000, and thats how Fantasma was born

‘Grupo Fantasma can fit ino diferent
ferent peopl?

and styles. Why do you think your muse trente to so many

A ot its todo with

variety of ur backgrounds and the mix that we brought fom the border? The borderisa
vogue place sa mixing of cultures, where you're ot quite totali on ether sde ofthe border, you kindof just steaddle |
And you mix that with the whole ange of people we have in he band —one guy ros Nicaragua one from Philadephia, one

from New York, one fora LA and yu bring that als. Even though our muse maybe sung in Spanish and is real Latin

Aer a decade of playing together Now dit el to win a Grammy for El Existenia |
‘We were completely blown away Even when we got nominated we were prety surprised. And then wesaw thei of |
nominees, and here were a couple who are prety well-known, and we were ind ofthe underdog" We went int it thinking

that we wouldnt win. think we surprised everyone.

‘What was the rst thing you did when you found out you won? |

The majority ofthe band was on a tr bus coming back rom California when we found out A bunch ofthe guyswereina |
truck top restaurant trying o watch the lve streaming elect and hey screamed and everyone guhered around, ol was
an excing ine thing.

‘What ner for Grupo Fentasma? |
ME be out here touring this summer, all over North America and Europea wel. Wear Jive and sn that lly what
we do, The best way to item to usis tose us live

tun gro tse gg EDs a nu RE Ao ay eae the once |
or as amas ‘andro nor sho a Due |
any Amar an gh ich arent mu “ive seaming teat eos et hoo |
‘tender ets vous wo A een |
‘Stn ma ton tam res
24 unit a

121. A. Fillin the timeline with information about Grupo Fantasma.

1 12000

2, 2010 ~ |

3. When they found out they won the Gra

4, This summer

B Nowwrie about Grupo Fantasma in your own words Use at last two expressions from the box

after next ten years later
first tenyearsago today

These questions are similar to those in the Interview. Answer them in your own words by

|
| OUTCOMES MET: use time expressions to order ife events paraphrase information from other sources
| paraphrasing what he guitarist sai.

How did Grupo Fantasma get started?

|
| 2. Why does their music appeal to all different types of people?
|

| 3. Alte plying together for en years, what as tie o win Ihe award?

OUTCOME MET: paraphrase information from other sources.

‘The Worlds a Stage 25

122. Outcomes

A Use the verb in parentheses to write a sentence, Make sure that you follow the pattern verb +
object + infinitive.
1. (convince) —__ A
2. (want)

3. (onside)

(arango)—

How did you do?: On a scale of 1-5 (with 5 being the best), how well did you use infíitivos
to complement certain types of verbs? £

B List three pros and three cons about a decision to quit a band and become a solo artist

Pros cons

ee =

How did you do?: On a scale of 1-5, how well did you state the pros and cons of making
2 decision?

© Think of four events from your life. Then lst the events in order using time expressions.

How did you do?: On a scale of 1-5, how well id you use time expressions to order life events? ——

D Rewrite each statement from the reading using your own words.

1. “Eventhough our music maybe sung in Spanish and its really Latin in sl, À has a universal feel.

2. “We were completely blown away. Even when we gat nominated we were petty suprise.”

3. “The best way to listen to us so see us ve,

How did you do?: On a scale of 1-5, how well did you paraphrase information from other

26 Unica

123. No Need to Unit 5 Outcomes
Pan ic . e about challenging

+ reach a compromise

Vocabulary and ac) pios
Grammar on

À Complete the dialogue with the correct vocabulary words, One word will not be used.
collapse encouraging handle intense ordeal — panic rescue trappod

| Jin: Would you mind pressing the button for he fith floor?
Olga: Sure. Un-oh This elevator docs! seem to be moving

Jip: Oh, no! My biggest fear tobe (1) ‘on an elevator!
‘Olga: Lets wy not 102). setter to stay calm,

Jin: Your ight. The best way to (3) the situations to eran calm and think i through.
Olga: Her, lts press the emergency button

lim Good idea, Maybe someone wil hear it and come (4) —
Olga: At east it onl been afew minutes so far

Jin: True guess if we were stuck here for hours, thor would be an (5)

(Olga: Staycalm. 'm sure that help ison its way.

Jin: Thank you fr (6) me. Your very god in) situations.
Olga: Thanks, Hey, we're moving again See, there was no reason to get upset

B Read the sentence. Then underline the adverbial clause and identify what the
adverbial phrase is explaining: time, reason, contrast, or purpose.

Example: — Marcos uns safety courses at he factory
$0.00 one wil get jure purpose
Marcos went to Jana so that he could visit car factory
Alter his work was completed, he traveled around the country
Because a major eartnquake ht Japan, he had to stay longer
Many people were trapped since buildings collapsed,
Even though it was dificult, he helped many people.
Marcos started a charity foundation to help Vins as soon as
he returned to the United States,

©. Imagine you are Marcos and a friend is asking about your experiences in Japan.
Answer from his perspective, using the cues provided,

1. Why di you go to Japan? (because) ee
2. What was the fist thing you di ater the earthquake? (as soon as)
3. Why id you sta a charity foundation? (s that)

4, Would
OUTCOME MET:

‘go back o Japan? (even though)
. adverbial causes to tlk about challenging stations

No Need to Panic 27

124. D You are a rescue worker after an earthquake. A building collapsed and two people are trapped but
not badly injured. You need to help them stay calm while your coworkers help get them out. Tell
them what to do while they wait. Use as many words from the box as you can,

after because do first noie rescue sothat
assoomas collapse done move panic since ‘rapped

‘OUTCOMES MET: follow steps to get through a difficult situation; use adverbial clauses to talk about
challenging situations

Video

A What happened during Team Canada's climb? Number the events in order from 1 t0 10.

The team stants out on foot in order to adjust to the atitude gradual
‘ver the next few weeks, the team travels back and foth between four camps a ferent aitudes.

— The Sherpas put on a cetebration at camp to welcome the team bah,

— As the climbers get higher up on the mountain, their pace slows 10 a caw
The guides check and recheck al ofthe ger that goes up the mount.

Alter hours of wearily reading, the climbers can view the summit in the near distance,

— After a week, the team arrives at base camp, which more than 17,000 feet above sa level
Cotter and the guides prepare the suppemental oxygen supply careful

The cimbers say prayer asking forgiveness from the gods before seing foot on the mountain,

After almost two month, the team reaches the top of the mountain

B | Imagine you are part of Team Canada at base camp, about to summit Mount Everest. In a letter to à
friend, explain the most important steps that you will go through in order to climb to the top of the
mountain and return safely. Use signal words such as first, next, then, when, while, tc

‘OUTCOMES MET: explain steps in a process; follow steps to get through a difficult situation

28 units

125. Writing
The blog on the next page explaa howto survive an plane acient. The author shares a variety of safely
tips for readers, You are gong to use the article asa mode! fr you" ing. Read the txt inthe box on

page 30 called “Thre thing to remember when fying.

A. According to the box on page 30, what three things should you remember when flying?

B Imagine that you want to offer tips on how to prevent or survive an intense situation. Examples
might include a shipwreck, an earthquake, a hurricane, a fire, a skiing accident, a car crash, or being
Lost in the woods. Write the situation below. Then lst helpful steps in the chart

SITUAMON:

Beforehand During and after

1. Be sue to 1. The fist ting.
Do not 2. Besure to, |

2 Do not.

|

3 2

€ Now write a short blog based on the chart from Exercise B. Describe the situation and explain the
steps one needs to take to get through it. Use at least four words from the box.

after as soon as before next then when
although because frst so (that) unit while

‘OUTCOMES MET: use adverbial clauses to talk about challenging situations: explain steps in a process;
follow steps to get through a dificult situation

No Need to Panic 29

126. Reading

How to Survive a Plane Crash

Each year, nary 10 milion ale figs transport over 800 milion
people throughout the word, While yng i clearly preferred
ay to tal ith easy to forget how dangerous ican be. In

200 on jet, things can go wrong quickly an distros
But most ane accidents ae survivable, and
the way you handle yours
shen disaster strikes
can mean the difference
between fe aná

death a

”

In Janay of2009, US
Airways Might 1549 was taking of
from New York’ LaGuardi airport

when it struck a lock of geese. The plo was able to land the

© plane af in the Hudson River after engines fe. All passengers
survived the "Miracle on the Hudson” Fr two simple resons: they remained cal,

and everyone was seated and wearing seatbelts. These routine actions by the passenger allowed the lt to execute &

water landing and save the lives of everyone on board

‘Only a month before the Fight 1549 inedent another plane was leaving Denver when something went wrong during
takeoff Sl on the ground, the plane Lf the runway and plunged into nearby dich. An engine was ripped off and
the plane caught fre. Mos passengers headed for the regular exits, bu one woman, who was four months pregnant and
traveling with her one-year lt child, cl found hee way out ofthe aierafi and onto its wing. Carrying her child, she
Jumped into the ditch and instantly save thee lives,

These afin accidents remind us ofthe importance of safety précautions when ing, For one thing, yu should
always ess comfortably so you can move quickly if necessary. Als, pay attention to the safety lesson thatthe ight crew
gives efor each fight. While many people ignore ind it may seem poles to you to, it could save your ie You should
also keep track of how many rows your seat from an ext. This is important because, in the event of fe, yo may not be
able to see throug thick smoke, Finally find out how to pen an ext door before yo actualy have to dt nd look for a
second exit just incase.

Giving so much thought to plan rashes might Threethingsto remember when Ning:
rake you nervous, bu should. Ifyou knowhow 1, steno the safety demonstration
‘other peopl have survived rashes vou may beable | Make a note ofthe nearest ext and how fa i from you.
tw save yourself fever something goes wrong during Findan alternate exit in case your fist choice crt be uscd
flight. Whether youre flying shor or long distances,
make sure you havea pln in place. Remember that most
accidents happen during takeoff or landing. So dont
walk around the cabin, keep that satel fisted, and
"enano whats happening near you. In Ayingas with
many ther situations, ifs usualy a god idea to prepare
forthe worst and hope for the bes

2. Fasten your seatbelt
Most injures fom turbulenc or fon an impact can be
avoided by wearing yor belt at al times.

3. Remain cal

Im most cases, when people remain calm, the pots and
crews can do her jobs more as and work feet
Lo get everyone off the plane

30 Units

en. -

127. A. Check (Y) Tue or False. Then correct the false sentences.

eM 4 à
ee ec a! 2

B Accordingto the article, what should you do before you take off, during the fight, and after a plane
crash? Write your responses in the chart

during the fight

Before you take off After a plane crash |

‘OUTCOMES MET: explain steps in a process; follow steps to get through a difficult situation

C Imagine that you and a friend are planning an exciting trip together but having some problems
One of you is afraid of fying and the other hates long car trips. What would you propose as a
compromise? Decide which way of traveling you and your friend prefer and write a brief description
using at least three words from the box.

after assoomas before since un while
although becauso (even)though so(that) Whenever

(OUTCOMES MET: use adverbial clauses to talk about challenging situations; reach a compromise

No Need to Panic a

128. Outcomes

A write sentences about the challenges you have faced while learning English. Use the words
in parentheses.

1. (although) —

2. (otha

3. (because)

4, (when)

How did you do?: On a scale of 1-5 (with 5 being the best), how wel did you use adverbial
clauses to talk about challenging situations?

B There have been a lot of robberies in your neighborhood lately, so you want to get a dog,
However, your roommate doesn't really ike dogs and thinks they are alot of work, How would
you compromise?

How did you do?: On a scale oft

li did you reach a compromise?
© Youand a friend are in a car accident. As a result of the impact, you can’t move your arms, but your
friend can. There isa cell phone within reach that your friend doesn't know how to use. Explain to
him or her what to do in order to call for help. Use signal words such as frst, next, then, etc

How did you do?: On a scale of 1-5, how well id you explain steps in a process?

D There's a fire in your apartment. Your roommate is asleep, you have two cats, and there are five
‘other apartments in your building, What should you do?

How did you do?: On a scale of 1-5, how well did you follow steps to get through a dificut
situation?
32 units

129. r
Unit 6 Outcomes
6 In Style a a ea comes

+ use adjective causes to explain and define
Peopie and things

Vocabulary and Te
Grammar + present anddefend an argument

A. Complete the blog entry with the correct vocabulary words, Two words will not be used.

affordable brand deals goods quality
bargain browsing discount purchasing _ recommend

Welcome to Reginas shopping blog for people who love finding great
(0) ominel if this is your fs vist to my log, | update it

na Helen til
A a pein ten yl ce ae

D nos etarra rae wc

De NUE oem aise bone

A fer rm an etalon eee

er havent tenth Mg

one for myself and another for my trendy cousin Nel

EN

B Combine the sentences using adjective clauses.

Example: Yolanda runs à discount store, The store has great sales every season.
Yolanda runs a discount store that has great sales every season

1. Yolanda cares about fashion. She likes to browse through style magazines,

2. The store is busy al ear, Yolanda owns the sor,

3. People come to shop after the holidays. They always et great deals.

4. Summer is always a busy season for shopping Is the best Ime to vist Yolanda’ store

5. Yolanda’ brother Tyrone lives in London. Trane also owns a discount stove

6. They both have popular stores. Ther sores sell designer brands.

OUTCOME MET: use adjective clauses to exp

and define people and things
ln Style 33

130. © write a paragraph describing your shopping habits and fashion preferences. Use atleast four words
from the box. Use that, who, or which when possible.

affordable browse (Good / real) deal ‘quality that
brand discount purchase recommend whieh

Example: — |prefer to shop inlarge stores that have a wid variety of affordable products. Ike to browse
the store taleok for clecounta,

‘OUTCOMES MET: describe shopping habits and fashion preferences; use adjective clauses to explain and
define people and things

Video

A. Watch the video and decide if the statement i referring to à real Louis Vuitton bag or a fake one.

Real Fake
1. The bag costs $286.50 when you purchase it online. o a
2, The zipper pulls branded with an Lv, made of brass, quite heavy, and the seams

are perfect. oo
3. The “Popincour" handbag retail fr $750 and is made of canvas with natural

leather hands ao
4, Alter a few weeks, the handles fade toa dark brown, o 0
5. You purchase the “Noe” bag from a street vendor. oo
6, The Lvs printed onthe bag aren't crooked, but theres an IV on a cease. oo

B Your friend wants to buy a fake designer bag from a street vendor because she thinks that they look
authentic and are much cheaper than the real produ.

1. How do you react?

2, Do you think she should buy one? Expain your opinion.

‘OUTCOMES MET: react to other points of view; present and defend an argument |
34 units

131. Writing

Diego and Charles are people who love to shop. Read their blogs.

DIEGO CHARLES
Hove shopping online. its ‘Obviously, shopping in stores is
‘much better than going o the Much better You can go with

mal | can stay in my pajamas
and don't need to get off the
couch. There are no lines and what to purchase, | an browse |

the stores are never closed! | in several efferent stores. can a

can shop at 2:00 am. ant. Ps, can search even ty on clothing 19 see how it fis. ts easier 10
for dea on my favorite brands without having see fa producti good quality when an touch
1090 to diferent stores, Als, (can see what my i Looking ata picture onthe computer is not
friends recommend! Online shopping s the best. — enough! I's beter in person!

2 frend and sociale, Malls are
‘great because I} dont know

| A. Fillin the chart based on what you read in the blogs.

[ny Diego kes shopping nine [Voy caries lies shopping in stores
0 A
la 2
|
la 3
A

B Complete the sentences with your own ideas

Diego is someone who

1
2. People who shop ening
3. Chatlesis someone th
4. People wo shop in mal

5. | agree with because

‘OUTCOME MET: use adjective clauses to explain and define people and things.

© whose point of view do you agree with: Diego or Charles? Write your own blog entry in which you
present your opinion about the best way to shop. Support your opinion with examples.

| ourcoEs met describe shopping habits and fashion preferences:
rest to ater points of view: present and defend an argument

In style ES

132. Reading

Designers: Create Cool Products for the Future
and Make Them Work!

An extraordinary new show at New Yorks Museum of Modern Art (MOMA) shows ov scents are designers too,
‘The how is called “Design and the ste! Mind” and is 3 parts technology | part fashion, nd 17 pats rem: Heres
sample ofthe products

NON-STOP SHOES. They sneakers, nished in red horse
hair and relie plastic lm. Theyre totally ese But the
(incest hing oll isthe technology these shoes are sid to

possess They contain some kind of device
and store the energy you put ut al day ong, You know, wien
you ave your desk to walk tothe bathroom or run out to buy
Amid afernoon coffe. At the end ofthe doy you can hook up
the shoes oa special device ha wil take the stored energy

and use itt power your home electronics Status report: The
MOMA exhibit did not explain exactly how these shoes work
or wen they willbe on the she at your nearest shoe store DES

vil pure

VICTIMLESS LEATHER. Dilemma You love the lok of eather but dort want animals to give up their ives so you can
havea stylish new coat. Solution: Victims esther! Hee the theory: A “living layer” of anim tissue, grown in vitro! and
given nutrients, ould grow into a ether article of clothing! No animals willbe harmed, Stats report These is a sample

featuring smal lester co, from the so-called “Tissue and Art Projet” at an Australian laboratory.

[BEB VASE, We appreciate all he honey but why cat bees work har for us? A sient eraed a structure tha enabled
bees o bulla honeycomb" in the shape of lovely vase. What comes from lowers ends up cresting container or Rowers!
Stats report: Totally real The vas is on display 1d pay $19.99 for tin ahearthent

DOG COMMUNICATOR. What does your dog really
sean when i wags is ti? A special kindof ight, called
an LED, which measures the connection between wpm
(thats ways pee minute) and do deste wil show

im ed lights what a dog wants 55 wpm means “LET'S,
WALK" And 90 wpm: “I REALLY LOVE YOU" Awww,
ido You the est, Status report: Two British designers
created prototype as part ofthe “Augmented Animals
projet” No word on ow hey determined te meaning
cof wags per minute

nate eas charges, fo
fay ere arg ro ton pi oa er qu fir 1 0 acom

133. A. Ivan is looking for gifs for his friends and family members. Help him by choosing the right gift for
‘each person. One item is used twice.

nonstop shoes — avictimies leather jacket aboe vase a dog communicator

1. Mans ster loves to decorate her apartment with interesting ters
2. Ms cousinis a professional dog walker that always wonders what the animals think
3. His rend Rashid wants à more eco-iendly way to power his apobance.
4 His frend Tatana isa fashionable person who cares about animal ght.
5. His brother who is alvays on the move, s energetic and athletic un

B Imagine that you purchased two of the items from the exhibit as gift for people you know.
Complete the information below, using who and that when possible

Deserbe the person you bought it for:

Wiy would he or she ike 10 A
i y

(OUTCOME MET: use adjective causes to explain and define people and things

© Imagine that you are the inventor of one of these cool products and you are at MOMA trying to
sell it, People aren't buying your invention because no one believes that it really works. Write a
paragraph for an advertisement in which you present your invention and defend the reasons that
everyone should have it.

‘OUTCOMES MET: react to other points of view; present and defend an argument
| Instyle a7

134. Outcomes

A. Do your friends like to shop online or prefer to visit stores? Do they care about the latest fashion
trends? write four sentences describing one friends shopping habits and fashion preferences.

How did you do?: On a scale of 1-5 (with 5 being the best), how well did you describe
shopping habits and fashion preferences?

B write a sentence about a specific person or place using adjective clauses, Follow the prompt in
parentheses.
Example: (a mall/uhich) The Mallof America. which has over 400 stores le very popular
1. @store ina) -
2. (aciy whic
3. (family member / who) AZ

How did you do?: On a scale of 1-5, how well did you use adjective clauses to explain
and define people and things? =

© Write a reaction to each person's opinion,
1. Salma: "There no point in ing to dress fashionably, Whats popular one day is ut af style Ihe next day:
Reaction:
2. Ahmed: “I can’t stand formal clothes. think its better to dress casual, even fr special occasions
Reaction:

3. Yess: “I would never go toa party wearing à dress had wv before.”
Reaction: —

How did you do?: On a scale of 1-5, how well did you react to other points of view? 2

D Isit okay to buy fake designer clothes or accessories, like handbags? Why or why not? Present your
opinion and support it with atleast two reasons.

How did you do?: On a scale of 1-5, how well did you present and defend an argument?

38 units

135. 14-6] Review °

Vocabulary Review

A. Girdle the correct word.

‘This years Seaside Fashion Show had an unexpected wis, Wearing designs that were (1) launched / inspired
by nature, the models (2) emerged / handled on the runway, Then al of 2 sudden, a backstop (3) collapsed /
‘rapped behind the runway. The accident (4) encouraged / Injured two of the models. Lucky, no one got
scared or (5) panicked / rescued. Security workers at the event (6) handled / recommended the stuaton
perfectly Since the models were not ad hurt, they (7) trapped / convinced designer Kat Yaccarino, the event

| ‘organizer, to continue the show. The (8) audience / brand loved Yaccarino earth colors and the diferent

| patterns The (9) discount / quality of her designs i amazing. In spite Of the setbac, the show was a success!

| B complete each sentence by providing a definition for the word or phrase.
Example: — Topanicmeans to sudden fee! very afraid are arwious,

An ordis —
A pert
Te browse means.

Te rescue means: —

| © write four sentences about an event that you went to recently (a play dance recital, comedy show,
game, concert, etc). Use at least one different word or expression from the box in each sentence.

affordable convince hardcore makeanappearance purchase
audience ‘emerge intense performance recommend

gave a standing ovat

Example: — Avthe end of Beyoncé performance the audio

D Answer the questions with complete sentences.

| 1. How do you handle sess? — es
2. What would you do if you started to panic?
3. What would you recommend to friend wh has been though an ordeal and needs 10 rela?

4. How do you encourage your fiends or family members when they are going though a dificult te?

| Review 39

136. 40

Grammar Review

A

Complete the sentences with the clauses on the right

Petra ours a store
Customers always show up tothe store —
Joe is one of those customers —

Petra can't sell an old economies book

But Joe wil ead the whole book
Petra keeps some books in
‘She kesos the case locked

because it nt very interesting
so thatthe books are protected
‘tha sel rare books
who loves o read anything
even though its boring
before it opens
that re hunde of years ole

glass case

Choose the correct words to complete the paragraph.

| have this friend Samuel (1) which / whe isan actor. He moved to Los Angeles (2) because / even though
he wants to get role in television. I consider him (3) / to be a very good actor. saw him perform in several
Pays in high schoo. His best ole was 25 George in OF Mice and Men, (4) that / which is based on a novel by
John Steinbeck. Samuel's performance made people (5) ery / to cry people like me, (6) who / that never

ay! Anyway, real hope he finds a good acting ob in Hollywood (7) because / so thatthe rest of the world
ice his talent, The as ime talked to him, he sei he was offered a smal parton a show (8) which J
‘that isnt watched by alot of people He wasnt sure about it, but Ladies him (9) o take / take the jb.
‘This could be the chance (10) which / that hes been waiting for!

‘Write a letter to your friend Samuel from Exercise B. In
your letter, encourage him not to give up his search for
an acting job. Your letter should include:

~~

+ two sentences using adverbial dauses with words and
phrases Ike attr, befor, as soon as, because, although)
+ two sentences using the pattern verb + object + infinitive
(wi veros such as cause. need, arrange, have, let, make

units 4-6

137. Review Surveys
Unit 1: Family history

Ask your classmates the following survey questions. Keep track of their responses in the chart below.
1. Wihen and where were you born?

| 2. Where dd your grandoarents come fom?
3. Who in your family do you resemble the most?

D SET CCC
| |

| Unit 2: On vacation

Ask your classmates the following survey questions. Keep track of their responses in the chart below.

1. Where did you go on your last vacation?
2. Whats your favorit thing to do while taveling?
3. Ifyou coud go anywhere in thew

4, where would you go?

Name Question 1 ‘Question? ‘Question 3

Review Surveys RI

138. Unit 3: The future of energy

Ask your classmates the following survey questions. Keep track of their responses in the chart below.

1. Whats something you doc help the envionment?
2. What willbe the works main source of energy in SO years?
3. What do you project wil be the fi

Name ‘Question 1 Question 2 ‘Question 3

Unit 4: Musical tastes

Ask your classmates the following survey questions. Keep track of their responses in the chart below.

1. Who do you consider to be the best musician of alltime?
2, How does this musicians music make you fee? |
3. What was he lat performance you saw?

Name ‘Question 1 ‘Question 2 Question 3

R2 units 1-6

na. ni

139. Unit 5: Are you nervous?

Ask your classmates the following survey questions. Keep track of their responses in the chart below.

1. Whats something you're afraid of?
2. Why are you aad of i
3. Whatis one ordeal that you have experienced?

j Name Question 1 Question 2 Question 3

Unit 6: Let's go shopping

‘Ask your classmates the following survey questions. Keep track of their responses in the chart below.

1. What kind of person bargains?
2. Whatis your favorite brand

hing?
3. What is more important to you: geting à good deal or geting good quality?

Name ‘Question 1 Question 2 Question 3

Review Surveys. RS

(Ol

140. Survey Result Reports

Record the results of your surveys as summaries Use the phrases below to help you.

‘The majority of people .. Quite a few people .. Hardly any of the people...
Most people ‘About half of the people .. ‘Almost no one

Unit 1: Family history =

Unit 4: Musical tastes _

Unit 5: Are you nervous?

141. Review Puzzle
Units 1-3

ELLE

EI An HH
]
CT oO eee
rio EEE
e AUTO E

1

|

H
OS

d

24, The view from the top of the mountain is —
25. to estimate or predict something
5 We — Work) together as year

[across Toown
1. mood tone orfeeing of pecs Pr. wing to tea rk
4. casi reached 2. toting cut information
7. Kko—dvein New Yorksince 2011.0 words) | 3. Promise hat! — (al you we)
10, numeral facts 3, In20 yeas, mor people — ving mid cas
11. A star hotel roy — wos
12, a qualiyor arte 6. mining about (to Ausala next
14, coger of meting semer
15. Where Blas? I've been — (wait) for him for 8. the place where someone is going |
two hous! 3. Cara celbations are known for samba —
17. Solr power is a energy source. 10, aplaceorlcaton |
20, to te or produce something 12. the oppose of conserve |
Se Whdwe_et pone 18. Catherine went to Costa Rca (she end |
wor |

18 Kander fished pa eres roe et

2 an |

2 vete. engem |
pr

142. Review Puzzle
Units 4-6

q E] |
H
m EE
er H
Q ep
ep
[across [pow i
2. mother wre or parade 1. Oia wert Cha — eco e aout he
| 5. Pose _— hop onine can gt en ls Chinese ate 2 wor) |
| 6 anes word fr uy 3. bed rice
7. \will arrange — them to pick up the tickets. 4, a difficult situation |
10, bic ebay e pants — veran ae? 8. |_—that yout ate French aan et
11. o come ot and senor 9. haste caries my norte — of tng
12, the oppoite of expntie 10, Therese ne pp frases
17. stuck and unable to get où | words)
Ito: wane wns ron an | 12, Meinteme eae the singe sch a — audience
Lo wean, tentes La. sam ding te tom = ae ety wor)
|, vr docs 15. _ De ate yc count ei
23 mettaient amy no
|” toeina 18, pal waening concen, on omo
24 tyt0 get aber sea 21. Im ging ogo king — He beter Bors) |
25, Trece, — vey popa ats 7 cays, | 26. al down suey

27. Derek — his eg wie sking,

Re Units 1-6

143. World Class 1A ==

EXPANDING ENGLISH FLUENCY

Jstright foe
NANCY DOUGLAS | JAMES R. MORGAN World Class 11

Word Classis 3 new two-level eres from National Geographic Learning for
high intermediate and advanced English language learners. This integrated sil
program uses National Geographic content, Images, and video to help learners

expand their overall uency while developing the tools and strategies necessary I
for eflectivereatworld communication |
|

|

+ KNOWLEDGE - Learners enhance their understanding ofthe wider world |
through tunning Images, engaging readings, and fscinain video rom {

National Geographic

2 CONNECTIONS - Leamers are motivated to connect the thematic content |
to hei ives, bringing relevance to every unit and inspiring critical thinking.

+ OUTCOMES ~Teachers and learners have tangible relevant goalsin every
uni that are reinforced in the Workbook and Teachers Edition.

World iss Combo Split contains units 6 from the Student Book and Workbook

malcengage comhvordcass

NATION m. »
MT | 2 CENGAGE i |
TEAMING Learning |

: = NUN