433795007-vvbbbRaise-Organic-Chicken.pptx

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1. ORGANIC AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION NC II

2. COURSE TITLE: ORGANIC AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION NC II NOMINAL DURATION: 232 HOURS QUALIFICATION LEVEL: NC II

3. COURSE DESCRIPTION: This course is designed to enhance the knowledge , desirable skills and attitudes of Organic Agriculture Production NC II in accordance with industry standards. It cover core competencies such as: raise organic chicken, produce organic vegetable, produced organic fertilizer and produce organic concoctions and extracts. I also has two (2) elective competencies: raise organic hogs and raise organic small ruinants .

4. TRAINEE REQUIREMENTS: Trainees or students wishing to enroll in this course should possess the following requirements. Able to read write; With good moral character; Ability to communicate, both oral and written Physically fit and mentally healthy as certified by a Public Health Officer

5. COURSE STRUCTURE BASIC COMPETENCIES 1. Participate in workplace communication. 2. Work in team environment . 3. Practice career professionalism 4. Practice occupational health and safety procedures

6. COMMON COMPETENCIES Apply safety measures in farm operations Use farm tools and equipment Perform estimation and calculations Develop and update industry knowledge Perform record keeping

7. CORE COMPETENCIES RAISE ORGANIC CHICKEN PRODUCE ORGANIC VEGETABLES PRODUCE ORGANIC FERTILIZER PRODUCE ORGANIC CONCOCTIONS AND EXTRACTS

8. ELECTIVES COMPETENCIES RAISE ORGANIC HOGS RAISE ORGANIC SMALL RUMINANTS

9. RAISING ORGANIC CHICKEN ORGANIC POULTRY RAISING Chicken is a domestmic fowl bred for flesh and eggs, believed to have developed fro red jungle fowl. Its scientific name is m “Gallus domesticus ”. There are over 150 breeds of chicken that comes in various colors, pattern and size. The female chicken is called hen, the male is rooster , the young chicken is chicks , and a group of chicken is called a flock . The young female chicken is called pullet, while the young male chicken is called cockerel. Roster can usually be differentiate from hens by their striking plumage, mark by long flowing tails and bright pointed feathers on their neck, the rooster larger and brightly colored than hen. Rooster also has larger comb on top of his head rooster make a very loud crowing sound usually every morning but they can crow anytime of the rooster. They can also be quite, aggressive birds. Hens lay eggs that range in color from white to pale brown and other pale colors depending on the breed.

10. Philipine native chicken refutably best taste chicken compared to other breeds. They are free range, grown naturally and feed on weeds/grasses, corn, palay , vegetable trimmings, insects and earth worsms . It takes about 6 months to get a reasonable size to sell. These chicken is inbreeded and consequently grown small. The chicken that we are recomend for the growing are native chicken cross breed with the “ basilan origin” and some blood from Samsso . It can grow kilogram in weight within 60 days or less.

11. BREEDS OF CHICKEN Philippine native chicken is the common fowl found in the backyard or most rural households. It is a mixture of different breeds and believed to have descended fro the domesticated red jungle fowl . It is estimated that 54% of the total chicken population of the country are Native chicken (UPLB2001) distributed as follows: western Visayas : Western Visayas 13.32%, Southern Mindanao 10.63%, Southern Tagalog 9. 51%, Central Visayas 10.36% Cagayan Valley 9.29%.

12. Standards breeds of chickens and fighting cocks

13. Philippine native chickens  

14. ANATOMY OF CHICKEN

15. CHICKEN LIFE SPAN The life span of chicken varies between 5-7 years although there have been cases of chicken living 20 years or more

16. Chicken requires 24-26 hours to produce an egg. Thirty minutes later, she starts all over again. The egg shell may have as many as 17, tiny pores over its surface. Through them, the eggs can absorb flavors and odors. Storing them in the carton s helps keep them fresh. Egg yolk is one of the few foods that naturally contain Vitamin D. Yolk colors depend on the diet of the hen. Natural yellow-orange to substance such as marigold petals maybe added to light colored feeds to enhance colors. Artificial color additives are not permitted. Occasionally, hen will produce double yoked eggs throughout her egg laying career, it is rare, but no usual, for a young hen to produce an egg with no yolk at all.

17. Extra-large ( XL ) 62 grams up Large ( L ) 55-61 grams Medium ( M ) 48-54 grams Small ( S ) 41-47 grams Peewee Below 41 grams Chicken egg classification Good eggs This includes cleaned and free form any stain/dirt. Reject eggs Cracked, off–shaped, off-size heavily/partially soiled and wet eggs. CHICKEN EGG CLASSIFICATION

18. Poultry Housing Management Birds should be properly housed to provide comfort and protection for efficient production. In planning the structures and equipment needed for poultry production, certain factors must be taken into account. The chicken house must be constructed with local materials, preferably cheaper but sturdy enough to protect them. Good ventilation is necessary for the growth of chicken. In natural odor Is tolerable of the bedding materials that includes micro-organism which suppress the growth of non-beneficial micro-organism that is responsible of the bad odor.

19. Chicken house design

20. A WELL VENTIATED CHICKEN HOUSE. THE BEDDING MATERIALS ARE RICE HULLS,SAND, GARDEN SOIL AND SALT, SPRAYED WITH IMO.

21. The following measures will keep in achieving suitable house Temperature and ventilation   1. Longitudinal axis of poultry houses should be on an east-west orientation to avoid as much direct sunlight as possible inside the building. 2. Poultry houses with natural ventilation should be no more than 10 meters in width for efficient air movement. 3. Distance between poultry houses should be at least equivalent to width of the building to allow free air circulation. 4. Roof should be no less than 2.5 meters from floor level to reduce solar heat that would reach the birds. 6. Roof should have a minimum slope of 35% to enhance air movement inside poultry house. 8 . Shade trees can be planted around poultry houses to increase shaded area. These trees, however, should not obstruct natural ventilation. 9. Reflective light-color paint can be applied on the roof to help reduce solar heat. 10. Use of roofing materials such as aluminum , nipa . 11. Installation of sprinklers on rooftop to spray water during weather. 12. Blowers or fans can be installed inside poultry house.  

22. BROODING

23. The traditional way of broodings allow the hen to naturally nurture her chicks. The hen provide the needed heat to the chicks from her body. Also the chicks allow tag along the hen to look for food.   When a hen hatched only a few eggs, put the newly hatched chicks together with other newly hatched chicks of another hen.   Encourage the hen to resume laying eggs by separating te newly hatched chicks from the hen. The native chicks can now be artificially brood.   The biggest mortality comes from day 1 to day 20 of the chick`s life cycle. Utmost care should be afforded to the chicks within this time heating medium is needed. Electric bulb maybe used to or a can of lighted charcoal can be a substitute, depending on what is available and cheaper cost at the farm. fine mesh is necessary for chicks to secure them form mosquitoes, and other pest that may attack them, Beddings of the chicken must be provided, preferably

24. elevated form the ground. Observe the behavior of the chicks as it is the good indicator of brooding temperature .   Provided the chicks with local feeds during brooding. After a period of 3-4 weeks of artificial brooding, gradually allow the chicks to forage and trained them to look for their own food in the range.

25. Brooding Temperature Age of chicks ( days ) Temperature ( Celsius ) Age of chicks ( days ) 1 – 7 32.2 - 35.0 1 – 7 8 – 14 29.4 - 32.2 8 – 14 14 – 21 26.7 - 29.4 14 – 21

26. Factors to Successful brooding Proper temperature. In the absences of the thermometer, the behavior of chicks in the brooder can be used as a practical guide in determining whether the temperature inside the brooder compartment is adequate or not. When the temperature is proper, chicks are evenly distributed in the brooding area doing varied activities such as feeding drinking, sleeping and playing. When the temperature is lower than what the chicks need, they huddle to each other, stay together near to the source of heat and procedure an unusual chirping sound. When the temperature is extremely low, chicks pile on top of one another causing high incidence of mortality due to suffocation. When the temperature is higher than what the chicks need, they move away from the source of heat spread their wings, pant and drink a lot of water. Adequate space allowance. Provided chicks with adequate floor, feeding and drinking space allowances Proper ventilation. Make sure that the chicks have adequate supply of fresh oxygen. Proper sanitation. Cleanliness and dryness of the brooding quarters. Remember, “Good sanitation is the best preventive measure against diseases”.Adequate lighting facilities. The presence of light in the brooder encourages the chicks to keep close to the sources of heat and help them locate the feeder and waterer .   Selecting good quality chicks  Quality chicks can be selected by looking their characteristics such as with dry and fluffy feathers, bright eye, well-healed navels and apparently active and came from reputable source. Generally, chicks to be selected must be healthy, active and free from deformities.

27. GROWING The chicken should be provided with proper nutrition and water ration every day. At 21 days old, chicks are strong enough to stay on the ground and ready for range. Chicken house should be kept clean including the facilities, like feeding and water troughs. Week and sick birds must be confined in separate compartments to avoid contamination and food competition. Add FAA, FPJ FFJ, OHN in birds food. Spray LABS/IMO in bird’s beddings to maintain tolerable odor and enrich the colony of beneficial micro- organism in the vicinity. The chicks are expected to be harvested after 60 days with an average weight of 1 kilogram.

28. FEEDS AND FEEDING Proper nutrition is essential in keeping the birds healthy and productive. Let the birds loose in the range to allow them to access to natural feeds like worms, grains, insects and other sources. Practice supplementation with high energy feed stuff like corn, palay and grated coconut and farm mixed formulation. This will give the chicken the energy source that they rarely found in the field. The supplement feedstuff can be made available in the house early in the morning, before the birds are allowed to free range in the afternoon to developed their homing instinct. Provides clean and fresh water to the birds every day. Bamboo poles split in half can be used as feeders and waterers . Keep in mind the proper design and size of feeders to minimized feeds wasted.

29. FEED Types and Nutrient Content   Protein Lipids/Fats Carbohydrates Vitamins Minerals Starter 35% 8% 50% 2% 5% Grower 25% 8% 60% 2% 5% Finisher 18% 5% 60% 2% 5%

30. Animal age Kinds/types of feeds Amount of feeds 01-07 days Chick booster 11-12 grams/chick 08-14 days Chick booster 15-16 15-21 days Chick starter 24-25 22-28 days Chick starter 36-37 29-35 days Grower mash 56-57 36-42 days Grower mash 70-71 33-39 days Finisher mash 76-77

31. Nutrient source   1. Protein - animal, plant source, fish meal 2. Lipids/fats - copra meal 3. Carbohydrates - corn/rice barn 4. Vitamins -FPJ, FFJ, FAA 5. Minerals - salt, CRH, soil   Feed form   1. Mash 2. Pellets 3. Crumbles   Things to do during disease outbreak   Isolate affected birds Implement biosecurity measures Review the medication program Consult organic expert

32. Things to do in case of cannibalism Separate the injured birds and treat the wound with organic anti peck preparations   Cannibalism can be controlled by: Identifying its causes Giving rations containing the right quantity and quality of protein Providing birds with adequate floor Maintaining the recommended temperature and proper ventilation Providing adequate light in the pen Debeaking chicks accurately at recommended age   Procedures in waste management and dead chicken disposal -follow strictly the environmental requirements and municipal law and regulation as well as industry requirements such as; Identify and segregate bio degradable, recyclable, and non –biodegradable Biodegradable such as waste of birds can be used for organic fertilizer production Dead birds must be buried at least 6 feet below the ground Recyclable materials can be sold

33. Procedure in putting up a poultry farm   The success of organic poultry production enterprise depends not only on the financial resources of the entrepreneur but also on the application of technology during the various phases of production. The following must be considered: Personal qualification and capabilities Availability of resources Supply of good stocks Constant supply of other farm inputs Market assurance Transportation facilities Site of the farm Compliance to local zoning