6-architecture theories-influence of technology.pptx

architecture theories

1. Theory No.6: Architect form is driven from technology

2. The theory Architectural technology , or  building technology , is the application of technology to the design of buildings. It is a component of  architecture  and  building engineering Faculty of Engineering-Architecture Department-2017, Nancy Elhadedy & Lamya AboGreisha 2

3. Meaning Architectural technology is a discipline that spans architecture, building science and engineering. It is practiced by  architects ,  architectural technologists ,  structural engineers ,  architectural / building engineers  and others who develop the design / concept into a buildable reality. Specialist manufacturers who develop products used to construct buildings, are also involved in the discipline . New materials and technologies generated new design challenges and construction methods throughout the evolution of building, especially since the advent of industrialisation in the 19th century. Architectural technology is related to the different elements of a building and their interactions, and is closely aligned with advances in  building science . Faculty of Engineering-Architecture Department-2017, Nancy Elhadedy & Lamya AboGreisha 3 Source: Form follows function. (2017, March 5). In Wikipedia.

4. First reflection: New materials and technologies generated new design challenges and construction methods throughout the evolution of building, especially since the advent of industrialization in the 19th century . Architectural technology is related to the different elements of a building and their interactions, and is closely aligned with advances in  building science .

5. The 19th-century  architecture  was greatly influenced by earlier architectural movements and foreign, exotic styles, which were adapted to the new technologies of the early modern age. The revivals of Greek, Gothic, and Renaissance designs were fused with contemporary engineering methods and materials. In the Western world, Historicism idealized past empires and cultures, and used motifs inspired by them to stimulate national nostalgia. The main types of nineteenth century architectural styles included:  Greek Revival  (1800-1900);  Gothic Revival  (1810-1900) -  ( English Gothic architecture ) -  University of Pittsburgh

6. Neo-Renaissance and Richardson Romanesque (1840-1880); Second Empire (1850-1880); Exoticism (1800-1900); Industrial architecture (1850-1900);  Skyscraper design  (1885-1900). Two principal  characteristics  distinguish 19th-century architecture; the use of a variety of historical styles and the development of new materials and structural methods The  Smithsonian Institution  an early example of American Romanesque Revival design

7. The Battle of the Styles Whilst the architect, mainly employed by cultured clients with Classical tastes, had no doubt that 'Classical' was the right form of architecture, the architects of the 19th century had no such certainty - nor the clients with the same formed tastes. They were also designing for an aggressively changing society which was often deplored by sensitive and influential critics like  John Ruskin  (1819-1900). Two main possibilities confronted them; the old and tested Classical style of  Greek art  or the medieval Christian style - virtuous, worthy and romantic. Both had powerful propagandists Vs.

8. HOWEVER Augustus Welby Pugin , was an  English   architect , designer, artist, and critic who is principally remembered for his pioneering role in the  Gothic Revival style of architecture for instance, having concluded that the medieval was the last 'moral' style and architecture was either good or bad, wrote for and designed in 'Gothic' forms (his book Contrasts is a comparison of Classical and medieval buildings always to the detriment of the Classical). The Classical view was that the only true forms for a modern society were the worldly and civilized Classical columns and pediments St. Aidan’s Cathedral,  Enniscorthy ,  Co. Wexford

9. The Theory inspired by : 1-Greek Architecture 2-NEOCLASSICAL 3-GOTHIC 4-ROMANSEQUE 5- CLASSICAL 6- THE INTERNATIONAL STYLE Faculty of Engineering-Architecture Department-2017, Nancy Elhadedy & Lamya AboGreisha 9

10. How does technology served architecture? It makes every single idea or imagination for any architect to be real & Facilities the building process by different ways and materials.

11. 2d-3d Programs technology also have a big role also in helping architects.

12. Parametric design The advent of the industrial revolution , technology , mass production and large scale manufacturing industries during the last two centuries has two revolutionary affect on Such parametric design software and plugins also enable the user to instantaneously generate a wide spectrum of dynamic forms simply by inputting various magnitudes & assigning suitable constraints. This ability to perceive alterations made in real time, allow the architect to generate complex form, which otherwise may not have been thought about due to the sheer complexity in the form, shape or structure of the design . The mentioned tools & plugins are extremely user friendly and require basic understanding of 3D modeling principles to get started with. The cavernous gaps in between the fields of collaborative architecture, environmental studies and structural engineering, are addressed and bridged. They integrate parametric design with statistical analysis into a single modeling envelope, making the building more practical, unique, dynamic, balanced and sustainable – for a much more green future.

13. 1- Frank Owen Gehry , born  Frank Owen Goldberg ; 28 February 1929) is a Canadian-born American architect, residing in  Los Angeles . A number of  his buildings , including his private residence, have become world-renowned  attractions . His works are cited as being among the most important works of  contemporary architecture  in the 2010  World Architecture Survey , which led  Vanity Fair  to label him as "the most important architect of our age " The pioneers of parametric design

14. The tower at  8 Spruce Street  in Lower Manhattan, completed in February 2011, has a stainless steel اglass exterior and is 76 stories high (2011) The dancing house The very non-traditional design was controversial at the time because the house stands out among the  Baroque ,  Gothic  and  Art Nouveau   .

15. The architectural style of ghery was inventive and irreverent , he is an American architect who changed the face of architecture with high-tech software., Gehry has been surrounded by controversy for most of his career. Using unorthodox materials like corrugated metal and chain link, Gehry creates unexpected, twisted forms that break conventions of building design. His work has been called radical, playful, organic, and sensual.

16. 2-zaha hadid Dame Zaha Mohammad Hadid , 31 October 1950 – 31 March 2016) was an Iraqi-born British architect. She was the first woman to receive the  Pritzker Architecture Prize , in 2004. She received the UK's most prestigious architectural award, the  Stirling Prize , in 2010 and 2She was described by the  The Guardian  of London as the 'Queen of the curve', who "liberated architectural geometry, giving it a whole new expressive identity. "Her major works include  the aquatic centre  for the London 2012 Olympics, Michigan State University's  Broad Art Museum  in the US, and the  Guangzhou Opera House  in China. Some of her designs have been presented posthumously, including the statuette for the  2017 Brit Awards , and many of her buildings are still under construction, including the Al Wakrah Stadium in  Doha , a venue for the  2022 FIFA World Cup .

17. Extension of  Ordrupgaard  Museum,  Copenhagen , Denmark (2001-2005) Administration building of  BMW  Factory in  Leipzig , Germany (2001-2005) Guangzhou Opera House ,  Guangzhou , China (2003–2010)

18. The architectural style of zaha Hadid is not easily categorized, and she did not describe herself as a follower of any one style or school. Nonetheless, before she had built a single major building, she was categorized by the Metropolitan Museum of Art as a major figure in architectural  Deconstructivism  Her work was also described as an example of  parametricism . When she was awarded the Pritzker Prize in 2004, the jury chairman, Lord Rothschild, commented: “At the same time as her theoretical and academic work, as a practicing architect,  Zaha Hadid  has been unswerving in her commitment to modernism. Always inventive, she’s moved away from existing typology, from high tech, and has shifted the geometry of buildings .

19. Faculty of Engineering-Architecture Department-2017, Nancy Elhadedy & Lamya AboGreisha 19 The idea is not to have any 90 degree angles. In the beginning, there was the diagonal. The diagonal comes from the idea of the explosion which "re-forms" the space. This was an important discovery . zaha hadid

20. Architect form is driven from technology Yes, There are many influences for technology affect on the architectural forms, but also there was moral architecture before technology exists thus technology helped Architecture to develop AND The theory is TRUE and Not LIMITED Faculty of Engineering-Architecture Department-2017, Nancy Elhadedy & Lamya AboGreisha 20