9. QMS, Sampling.pptx sampling sampling

Sampling

1. QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM The International Organization for Standardization ( ISO ) created the Quality Management System ( QMS ) standards in 1987.

2. Quality Management System Quality Management System ( QMS ) is a set of policies , processes and procedures required for planning and execution ( production / development / service ) of a business process . It defines what an organization does to ensure that its products or services satisfy the customer's quality requirements and comply with any regulations applicable to those products or services.

3. QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Quality Management system includes all the activities that organizations use to direct, control and co-ordinate quality . These activities include formulating a quality policy and setting quality objectives. They also include quality planning, quality control, quality assurance and quality improvement.

4. Plan Do Check Act for an effective Quality Management system Step 1 – Plan the processes, products or services for your project. Step 2 – Do the work to execute your project in accordance to your Plan Step 3 – Check and measure to assure that activities within the project meet the desired requirements and accomplish the project goals . Step 4 – Act to continually improve all processes and strive in improving the delivery of the project.

5. 8 principles of ISO Quality Management System 1) Customer Focus – understand needs, meet requirements, exceed expectations 2) Leadership – unity of purpose, organizational direction, empowerment, achieve objectives 3) Involvement of People – fully involved employees, to benefit the organization 4) Process Approach – accomplishments by processes, resources must be managed

6. 8 principles of ISO Quality Management System 5) System Approach to Management – processes are managed as a system 6) Continual Improvement – permanently applied to the organization, its people, their processes, their systems and their products 7) Factual Approach to Decision Making – decisions based on analysis of accurate, relevant and reliable data 8) Mutually Beneficial Supplier relationships – organization and suppliers benefit from each other’s resources and knowledge

7. Important Questions What is Quality Management system? State the Plan Do Check Act for an effective Quality Management system. Define Quality Management system. Enlist the Eight principles of ISO Quality Management System. Fill in the blank: The International Organization for Standardization ( ISO ) created the Quality Management System ( QMS ) standards in 1987. 4. Spell out the abbrevations : 1) ISO 2) QMS

8. SAMPLING PROCEDURES AND PLANS Sampling: It is the process of selecting units from a population or production lot to determine whether to accept or reject a production lot of material. Purpose of Sampling : To ensure that fair and valid procedures are used when food is being controlled for compliance (state of being in accordance) with a particular commodity standard.

9. Sampling Procedure Criteria Should be performed in accordance with proper standards related to the commodity of concern. Employment of sampling officers: Sampling should be carried out by persons trained in the techniques of sample collection. Each lot that is to be sampled must be clearly defined. Should identify a sample that is representative of the population.

10. Types of Sampling Procedures 1) Single Random Sampling: Obtain a complete list of the population. Randomly select individuals from that list for the sample. 2) Stratified Random Sampling Dividing the original lot into different strata or zones. ( Eg . Districtwise in a state) Each stratum being more homogenous than the original population/lot. Randomly select individuals from each stratum for the sample.

11. Sampling Plan ‘Sampling Plan is a plan stating details about the sample and the criteria for accepting or rejecting the items’. Features specified in a sampling plan Sample size Description of the sample location Number of units and/or quantity of material that should be collected Sample collection manner Associated acceptance criteria

12. Sampling Plan depends on Purpose of Analysis Nature of property to be measured Nature of the total population and nature of the individual samples Nature of test procedure

13. Types of Sampling Plan 1) Single Sampling Plan A lot size (N) of product (Whole lot ) is delivered to the quality check or inspection position. A sample size (n) (small portion ) is selected randomly from the lot. If the number of defects or defectives in the sample exceed the acceptance number (c), the entire lot is rejected . If the number of defects or defectives in the sample do not exceed the acceptance number, the entire lot is accepted.

14. 2) Double Sampling Plan Lot size (N) of product (Whole lot ) is delivered to the quality check or inspection position.( Eg.small pins, hooks, bands) Two sample sizes (n1, n2) (Lot dividied into two parts randomly) and two acceptance numbers (c1, c2 ) ( C2 is higher than c1) are specified.

15. 2) Double Sampling Plan... contd If the number of defects or defectives in the first sample n1 are more than c1 but less than or equal to c2, a second sample n2 is selected and inspected. If a second sample is inspected: a) and defects or defectives in second sample do not exceed c2, the lot is accepted. b) and defects or defectives in combined samples exceed c2, the lot is rejected.

16. 3) Continuous Sampling Continuous sampling is used where product flow is continuous and not feasible to be formed into lots. Each unit is inspected as it is produced.( Eg . Bulbs, vehicles) Application of this sampling method is for products flowing in assembly line fashion. 100% inspection of the units is done consecutively as produced and continue this inspection until all units in succession are found clear of defect.

17. 4) Sequential Sampling A further refinement of the double-sampling plan is the sequential-sampling plan, in which the consumer randomly selects items from the lot and inspects them one by one. Each time an item is inspected, a decision is made to-reject the lot, accept the lot, or continue sampling, based on the cumulative results so far.