A photobioreactor (PBR) is a specially designed bioreactor that provides a _20251031_152229_0000.pdf

Introduction, parameters, principle, parts of photobioreactor, types of photo bioreactor, advantages and disadvantages, importance,

1. VEERACHIPALAYAM_637303,SANKARI,SALEM(Dt),
TAMILNADU
VIVEKANANDA ARTS AND SCIENCE
COLLEGE FOR WOMENS
SUBMITTED BY:
V.MATHUMITHA,
PG RESEARCH DEPARTMENT OF
MICROBIOLOGY.
SUBMITTED TO:
DR.R.DHINESHKUMAR,
ASSISTANT PROFESOR ,
PG RESEARCH DEPARTMENT OF
MICROBIOLOGY.
PHOTOBIOREACTOR: Construction and Types

2. Introduction
A photobioreactor (PBR) is a specially designed bioreactor that
provides a controlled environment for the cultivation of
photosynthetic organisms such as algae, cyanobacteria, and
certain plant cells.
Cyanobacteria
Plant cell
These organisms require light, carbon dioxide,
water, and nutrients to perform photosynthesis

3. Parameters
Temperature
Nutrients
pH Light
Culture
medium

4. PRINCIPLE
All photobioreactors are composed of three fundamental phases
Liquid phase(Nutrients are supplied)

Solid phase (Microalgal cells)
Gas phase (CO2 fixation and O2 removal

5. using light energy (either natural or artificial) to convert carbon
dioxide and nutrients into biomass through photosynthesis.
To provide a control environment during a cultivation of photosynthetic organisms
The system controls factors such as light intensity, temperature, pH,
and nutrient levels to optimize growth rates and ensure high purity
and yield of the cultivated biomass.

6. Light energy
Observe CO2 and remove Oxygen
Photosynthetic organisms
( Sun light, solar, LED )
Jan Ingenheusz discovering the crucial role of light
In photosynthesis in 1779
6CO2+6H2O C6H1206+6O2
Jan Ingenheusz

7. PARTS OF PHOTOBIOREACTOR 1. Transparent vessel
2.Culture medium
3.Aeration system
4.Light source
5.Gas collection unit
6.Agitation
7.Decassing unit
8.Temperature control
9.Sampling ports
10.Control system

8. TRANSPERANT VESSEL :
It is made up of plastic or glass and stainless steel.
The container that holds the culture medium and the
photosynthetic organisms.
Light source:
Provides light energy to the organisms, often using LEDs or
. Fluorescent lamps.

9. The temperature control system maintains optimal temperature for growth.
This can be achieved through
-heating or cooling systems
Insulation
Temperature sensors and control algorithmsTemperature control system:

10. pH
Controlling
system:
The pH control system regulates pH
levels for optimal
growth.Acid base doing
system
Mixing system:
The mixing system ensures uniform distribution of.light, nutrients, and or
organisms.
Mechanigal agitation
Gas sparing
Pumping
Buffering agents
pH sensor

11. Gas exchange system:
The exchange system provide CO2 and remove Oxygen.
Gas sparging
Gas exchange membrane
CO2 supplementation

12. Types of Photobioreactor
Verticule tubular Photobioreactor
1.Bubble column Photobioreactor
2.Airlift Photobioreactor
Tubular Photobioreactor
Christmas tree Photobioreactor
Plate Photobioreactor
Horrizandol tubular Photobioreactor
Stirred tank Photobioreactor

13. VERTICULE PHOTOBIOREACTOR
It is made up of vertical tubing that is
transparent in nature to allow the penetration of
light.
Sparger is attached at the bottom of the
reactor which converts the spot gas into tiny .
Sparging with gas mixture provides overall
mixing mass transfer of co2 and also remove
O2 produced during photo synthesis.

14. Tubular Photobioreactor
Made up of glass or plastic tubes this
photobioreactor is working at a
production scale.
The tube are laid either vertically or
horizontally,they are connected to a central
utility installation that includes sensors,pumps
as well as CO2 and nutrients.

15. Christmas tree Photobioreactor :
A different approach is demonstrated by
a photo bioreactor that is constructed in
the shape of a tapered geometrical
structure and is equipped with a helically
connected to a transparent double hose
system
This creates a design like the Christmas tree.

16. Plate photobioreactor
another method of
development is observed in
the building of class or
plastic plates.
a plate with various technical designs are placed on top of the small layer
of suspension that provides the best light sauce
Agitation is provided either by bubbling air from its one side through
perforated tube or by rotating it mechanically through moto.

17. Baffle are used in order to reduce vortex.
Low surface area to volume ratio which in turn
decrease light harvesting efficiency.
Stirred tank reactor is most conventional where
agitation provided mechanically with the help of
impeller of different size and shape

18. Advantages :
High productivity and yield Closed system reduce
contamination risk controlled
environmentals for optimal growth
condition.
can be designed for various scales
and applications.
can utilise yeah wide range of
microorganisms for various
application.
Disadvantages
initial setup cost can be high.
maintenance and monetary can be
complex.
request ya reliable source of energy
for lighting and circulation.
train selection and optimisation can
be time consuming .
Calling up production can be
challenging.

19. why is photobioreactor important...?
Sustainable production of biofuels
Production of chemicals and permacuticals
Waste treatment
CO2 capture and oxygen removal

20. There are many different species of algae that can be used in
bioreactor for various applications
1.Chlorella vulgaris
a unicellular green algae that is commonly used for
nutritional supplements and biofuels.
2.Spirullina platensis
A blue green algae that is rich in protein and is used for nutritional
supplements and as a natural food colouring

21. Reference:
R.N.Singh,S.Sharma/Renewable and sustainable energy.
https://making biodiesel_books.com/all_about_algae/algae
bioreactor

22. THANK YOU