ABDOMEN MUSCLE& MUSCLE OF LOWER EXTREMITIES.1.pptx

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1. INTRODUCTION TO ABDOMEN MUSCLES PRESENTED TO DR. AHMED WASI

2. PRESENTERS KASHIF REHMAN HIBA MEHMOOD ABDUL REHMAN KHAN ALEEN FATIMA BILAL HAIDER ATTIA-TUL-HAY SARMAD KHATTK FAREEDA AMEEN SHOAIB DUR-R-SAMEEN TAHIR HUSSAIN

3. Introduction to the Abdomen Muscles The abdomen is a complex region of the body, home to a variety of muscles that work together to support and stabilize the core. These muscles play a crucial role in everyday movement, posture, and even breathing. The abdominal muscles support the trunk, allow movement and hold organs in place by regulating internal abdominal pressure

4. FUNCTIONS OF ABDOMIN Hold your internal organs in place and protect them (including your stomach, intestines, pancreas, liver and gallbladder). Maintain consistent internal pressure in the abdomen. Maintain posture and provide core support. Support your spine and body during sitting, standing, bending over, twisting, exercising and singing.

5. MUSCLES OF ABDOMIN There are five main muscles in the abdomen: External obliques. Internal obliques. Pyramidalis. Rectus abdominis. Transversus abdominis.

6. TYPES OF MUSCLES These muscles are of two types two are verticals muscles &three are flat muscles TWO VENTRICLE MUSCLE 1) PYRAMIDALIS 2) RECTUS ABDOMINIS THREE ARE FLAT MUSCLES 1)EXTERNAL OBLIQUE 2)INTERNAL OBLIQUE 3)TRANSVERSE ABDOMINIS

7. RECTUS ABDOMINIS   This pair of muscles goes down the middle of your abdomen from your ribs to the front of your pelvis. The muscles hold your internal organs in place and keep your body stable during movement. The rectus abdominis may form bumps sometimes called a “six-pack” when someone has a trim, fit abdomen.

8. ORIGIN,INSERTION&FUNCTION ORIGIN.  Originates from the crest of the pubis bone. INSERTION.  It inserts onto the xiphoid process of the sternum and the costal cartilage of ribs FUNCTION. The main function of the rectus abdominis is to move the body between the ribcage and the pelvis

9. BLOOD SUPPLY &NERVE SUPPLY BLOOD SUPPLY The inferior E pigastric artery  is the main artery supplying the rectus abdominis muscle. NERVE SUPPLY T horaco-abdominal nerves . This nerve supply rectus abdominis

10. PYRIMIDALIS MUSCLE Pyramidalis.   I s a paired triangular muscle of the  ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL found on each side of the  LINEA ALBA.

11. ORIGN&INSERTION Origin Pubic crest, pubic symphysis Insertion Linea alba Action Tenses linea alba  Blood supply Inferior epigastric artery Nerve supply  Small bunch of subcostal nerve

12. EXTERNAL OBLIQUE External obliques:   The external obliques are a pair of muscles, one on each side of the rectus abdominis. They are the largest of the flat muscles and at the bottom of the stack. They run from the sides of your body toward the middle. The external obliques allow the trunk to twist side to side

13. ORIGIN&INSERTION Originates. LOWER 8 RIBS I nserts. onto the iliac crest and pubic tubercle. NERVE SUPPLY. lower Six intercostal nerves, as well as the I liohypogastric nerve and the I lioinguinal nerve(L1).

14. INTERNAL OBLIQUE Internal obliques:  The internal obliques are a pair of muscles on top of the external obliques, just inside your hip bones. Like the external obliques, they are on the sides of the rectus abdominis, running from the sides of your trunk toward the middle. They work with the external oblique muscles to allow the trunk to twist and turn.

15. ORIGIN&INSERTION Originates Lateral two third of inguinal ligament, iliac crest and lumbodorsal fascia .  I nserts lower ribs 10-12 . costal cartilage , linea alba, symphysis pubis Nerve supply lower 6 thoracic nerve . Iliohypogastric and Ilioinguinal nerves(L1 )

16. TRANSVERSE ABDOMINIS Transversus abdominis:  The transversus abdominis is at the bottom of the stack. This pair of muscles is the deepest of the flat muscles. They stabilize the trunk and help maintain internal abdominal pressure. Located in the abdomen immediately inside of the internal oblique muscle

17. ORIGIN&INSERTION Originates from the inguinal ligament, costal cartilages 7-12, the iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia. I nserts onto the, xiphoid process, linea alba and the pubic crest NERVE SUPPLY  the terminal branches of intercostal nerves T7-T11, the subcostal nerve (T12), the iliohypogastric nerve and ilioinguinal nerves (L1)

18. MUSCLES OF LOWER EXTREMITIES

19. THIGH MUSCLES ANTERIOR: Rectus femoris Vastus lateralis Vastus medialis Vastus intermedius These muscles are QUADS MEDIAL: Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Adductor Magnus Gracilis POSTERIOR: Biceps Femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus These muscles are HAMSTRINGS

20. ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT: FUNCTION: EXTENSION OF KNEE JOINT AND FLEXION OF HIP JOINT

21. ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT: MUSCLES: ORIGIN: INSERTION: NERVE SUPPLY: BLOOD SUPPLY: RECTUS FEMORIS ILIUM TIBIA FEMORAL NERVE (L2,L3,L4) FEMORAL ARTERY VASTUS LATERALIS ILIUM TIBIA FEMORAL NERVE (L2, L3, L4) FEMORAL ARTERY VASTUS MEDIALIS ILIUM TIBIA FEMORAL NERVE ( L2, L3, L4) FEMORAL ARTERY VASTUS INTERMEDIUS ILIUM TIBIA FEMORAL NERVE ( L2, L3, L4 ) FEMORAL ARTERY QUADS

22. MEDIAL COMPARTMENT: FUNCTIONS: ADDUCTION AND LATERAL ROTATION

23. MEDIAL COMPARTMENT: MUSCLES: ORIGIN: INSERTION: NERVE SUPPLY: BLOOD SUPPLY: GRACILIS PUBIS FEMUR OBTURATOR NERVE ( L2,L3) OBTURATOR ARTERY ADDUCTOR LONGUS PUBIS FEMUR OBTURATOR NERVE (L2,L3,L4) OBTURATOR ARTERY ADDUCTOR BREVIS PUBIS FEMUR OBTURATOR NERVE (L2,L3,L4) OBTURATOR ARTERY ADDUCTOR MAGNUS PUBIS FEMUR OBTURATOR NERVE (L2,L3,L4) OBTURATOR ARTERY OBTURATOR EXTERNUS PUBIS FEMUR OBTURATOR NERVE (L2,L3,L4) OBTURATOR ARTERY

24. POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT: FUNCTIONS: FLEXION AT KNEE JOINT AND EXTENSION AT HIP JOINT

25. POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT: MUSCLES: ORIGIN: INSERTION: NERVE SUPPLY: BLOOD SUPPLY: BICEP FEMORIS ISCHIAL TUBEROSITY HEAD OF FIBULA SCIATIC NERVE ( L5, S1, S2 ) DEEP FEMORAL ARTERY SEMITENDINOSUS ISCHIAL TUBEROSITY MEDIAL SURFACE OF PROXIMAL TIBIA SCIATIC NERVE ( L5, S1, S2 ) DEEP FEMORAL ARTERY SEMIMEMBRANOSUS ISCHIAL TUBEROSITY POSTERIOR PART OF MEDIAL EPICONDYLE OF TIBIA SCIATIC NERVE ( L5, S1, S2 ) DEEP FEMORAL ARTERY HAMSTRINGS