ABNORMAL GAITS IN NEUROLOGICAL CONDITIONS.pptx

ABNORMAL GAITS IN NEUROLOGICAL CONDITIONS.pptx

1. ABNORMAL GAITS By:- Dr. Sarla V. Bhatt Principal, Shri K. K. Sheth Physiotherapy College, Rajkot. ABNORMAL GAITS 1

2. ABNORMAL GAITS 2

3. Gait matures at the age of 7-9 years… In a child below 2-3 years… In a old people… ABNORMAL GAITS 3 No full extension at midstance Hip is little more abducted to provide more base of support for good balance Wide base of support Some trunk flexion To minimize energy expenditure and to maximize balance

4. PRINCIPLES FOR GAIT OBSERVATION ABNORMAL GAITS 4 Expose the part of lower limb as much as possible Observe in 2 planes: Either in front or behind the patient (anterior or posterior view) Either side of patient (lateral view) Patient is not allowed to wear footwear Observe patient at the distance of 30 feet

5. ABNORMAL GAITS 5

6. SAILOR’S GAIT ABNORMAL GAITS 6 Swing phase increased Lateral, horizontal & frontal deviation of pelvis increased

7. PROCESS GAIT (MARCHING GAIT) ABNORMAL GAITS 7 Stance phase increased Knee flexion in swing phase absent Arms remains straight with lower limb

8. FATIGUE GAIT ABNORMAL GAITS 8 Flexion attitude increased to lower C.O.G. Muscle work reduced Body is subjected to for of gravity

9. ABNORMAL GAITS 9

10. SHORT LIMB GAIT ABNORMAL GAITS 10 Swing phase not affected Stance phase : Hell strike affected Pelvis lowered & spinal bending on affected side Hip extension in initiation of stance phase Upper movements are also affected Scoliosis may develop

11. UNILATERAL HIP FLEXOR CONTRACTURE ABNORMAL GAITS 11 Stance phase Increased anterior pelvic tilt lumbar lordosis hip flexion attitude on sound side spinal rotation Swing phase Increased posterior pelvic tilt

12. BILATERAL HIP FLEXOR CONTRACTURE ABNORMAL GAITS 12 Increased Rotation on ball of great toe Rotation of spine Arm swing Rotatory strain on knee and ankle joints

13. PLANTAR FLEXION CONTRACTURE (HIGH STEPPAGE GAIT) ABNORMAL GAITS 13 Swing phase Limb lengthening occurs, patient increases hip and knee flexion Stance phase No heel strike Leaning in toes

14. CALCANEAL DEFORMITY ABNORMAL GAITS 14 Swing phase Least affected Stance phase Improper push off, toe off and locking of subtalar joint

15. C.T.E.V. ABNORMAL GAITS 15 Weight bearing on lateral border of foot Improper heel strike and toe off Wide base Increased rotatory strain at knee and ankle Genu varum develops Increased tension of tibia lateral ligament

16. FLAT FOOT ABNORMAL GAITS 16 Improper push off Weight bearing on medial side of foot Increased strain on plantar ligament

17. ANTALGIC GAIT ABNORMAL GAITS 17 Knee pain Avoids full knee extension to prevent weight bearing

18. ANTALGIC GAIT ABNORMAL GAITS 18 Hip pain Decreased stance phase to reduce weight bearing on affected side Decreased swing phase on unaffected side

19. ANTALGIC GAIT ABNORMAL GAITS 19 Sciatica Avoids hip flexion, knee extension with dorsiflexion Trunk bends on unaffected side to reduce pressure on affected side

20. ANTALGIC GAIT ABNORMAL GAITS 20 Spinal pain Walks with stiff spine to reduce rotatory strain on it Short step length and speed

21. PARALYTIC GAIT ABNORMAL GAITS 21 Gluteus maximus C.O.G. is shifted posteriorly Extensor lurch Stress on ilio-femoral ligament

22. PARALYTIC GAIT ABNORMAL GAITS 22 Gluteus medius Side swaying of trunk on sound side Pelvic drops TFL works strongly to prevent pelvis drop It may be bilateral also

23. PARALYTIC GAIT ABNORMAL GAITS 23 Quadriceps paralysis Hand to knee gait

24. PARALYTIC GAIT ABNORMAL GAITS 24 Harmstring paralysis They are active in both swing and stance phase. Their paralysis gives rise to instability of knee joint resulting in genu recurvatum

25. PARALYTIC GAIT ABNORMAL GAITS 25 Paralysis of ankle joint Foot drop High speppage gait

26. PARALYTIC GAIT ABNORMAL GAITS 26 Paralytic calcaneus Improper take off Improper running Swing phase unchanged

27. ABNORMAL GAITS 27

28. QUE STI ONS ? ABNORMAL GAITS 28 If you ask the question you will be considered fool for one minute. If you do not ask the question you will remain fool forever.

29. Suggestions? ABNORMAL GAITS 29 Sugestions

30. T H A N K Y U O ABNORMAL GAITS 30