ABS AMNIOTIC BAND SYNDROM ORTHOPEDIE.pptx

TOPIC ABOUT AMNIOTIC BAND STNDROM

1. AMNIOTIC BAND SYNDROM (ABS) Othopedic departement A Pr.BENHABILES Presented by: Dr.HAMHOUM

2. DEFINITION INCIDENCE CAUSES DIAGNOSIS SYMPTOMS TREATMENT Z-PLASTY SYNDACTYLY TREATMENT CLUB FOOT TREATMENT FOLLOW-UP EXAMPLE CONCLUSION REFERENCES PLAN:

3. Amniotic band syndrome,   also known as  constriction ring syndrome,   happens when  fibrous bands of the amniotic sac get tangled around a developing fetus. DEFINITION:

4. ABS can prevent body parts from developing normally, leading to birth defects (congenital disorders). Sometimes it causes body parts to amputate, or separate from the fetus. Amniotic bands can also cause a fetus to die in the uterus if blood can’t get to vital organs.

5. ABS is rare. It occurs in about 1 out of every 1,200 to 15,000 live births. The cause of amnion tearing is uncertain and is consider a chance event. It does not appear to be genetic or hereditary, so the likelihood of it occurring in another pregnancy is not common. INCIDENCE:

6. ABS is rare. It occurs in about 1 out of every 1,200 to 15,000 live births. The cause of amnion tearing is uncertain and is consider a chance event. It does not appear to be genetic or hereditary, so the likelihood of it occurring in another pregnancy is not common. INCIDENCE:

7. There are two main theories about the cause of ABS. The amnion membrane becomes damaged, this causes bands of tissue from the amnion to come loose in uterus. CAUSES:

8. The bands may wrap around the body parts of a fetus. These bands can tighten and keep blood from getting to the fetus’s body parts, usually the arms or legs. Causes of amniotic sac damage may include: Drugs  such as misoprostol Prenatal tests  such as  amniocentesis Open  fetal surgery

9. But in some cases of ABS, the amniotic sac remains intact and undamaged. So other experts believe ABS is the result of circulation (blood flow) problems in the fetus.

10. The amniotic bands are difficult to identify on a regular ultrasound and thus, ABS is usually diagnosed at delivery. DIAGNOSIS:

11. Anatomy ultrasound may be not able to identify the bands as the individual stands are small and hard to see but only see the results of the fusion such as missing or deformed limbs and measure blood flow.

12. 3D ultrasound and MRI to check the severity of constriction and anomalies. Fetal echocardiography to examine the baby's heart structure and function

13. Sometimes ABS is mild and only restricts blood flow to the surface of the skin. Most cases (about 80%) involve the hands or feet. However, the location of the band determines which area is affected. Deep blood flow constriction may lead to: SYMPTOMS:

14. Constriction rings in the skin. Missing fingers, toes or limbs.

15. Acrosyndactyly , syndactyly (webbing or fusion between fingers or toes). Bone deformities, including kyphosis , scoliosis or lordosis .

16. Head and face deformities, such as cleft lip and palate. Openings or defects in the abdomen or chest.

17. Encephalocele (openings in the skull). Microphthalmia (small or underdeveloped eyeballs).

18. Clubfoot. ABS often causes a premature birth which can have its own risks.

19. The affected body parts and functions determine the treatment for ABS. Mild cases of ABS may only need careful monitoring by a healthcare provider. But severe ABS that affects organ function needs immediate treatment. TREATMENT

20. Treatment usually occurs after birth where plastic and reconstrictive surgery is considered to treat the resulting deformity. children with missing or shortened limbs may benefit from prosthetics (artificial body parts). Physical and occupational therapy may be needed long term. But these procedures can be performed electively at a later time

21. In rare cases ,if diagnosed in uterus ,fetal surgery may be considered to save a limb which is in danger of amputation or other deformity. Surgical treatment depend on the medical stability of the child and the neurovascular status of the limb .

22. Surgical treatment is indicated for patients with constriction rings in the skin , syndactyly acrosyndactyly that compromises hand function,club foot. Surgical correction of ABS involves removing constrictive tissue and rearranging the skin using many techniques such as the z plasty

23. Z plasty is a versatile surgical technique that is extensively used to lengthen the constriction and thus correct the deformity and improve the function . Z-PLASTY:

24. The main goal of the treatment in syndactyly is to seperate fused digits creat a normal web space and improve both function and esthetics of the normal hand Syndactyly treatment :

25. The accepted method of treating clubfeet is by the Ponseti method of Serial Plaster Casting.Treatment should be started right away.The initial treatment consists of manipulating the foot to get it to the best position possible, and then holding the correction in a cast . Clubfoot treatment :

26. All patients with ABS should be monitored regularly until skeletal maturity is reached , because of the potential for recurrence of the rings and for secondary contractures that may develop . For patients with acrosyndactyly,hand function is limited secondary to stiffness of the joints,but reconstruction can result in good prehension and grasp . FOLLOW_UP:

27. In our case , it’s a infant aged 13 months who has an amniotic band syndrome whose symptoms are: Constriction rings in the skin. Missing toes . Clubfeet . EXAMPLE:

28. Amniotic band syndrome (ABS) occurs when loose bands of tissue in the uterus entangle a developing fetus. The bands prevent blood from getting to the fetus’s body parts. ABS can lead to serious birth disorders or even death. Treatment usually includes surgery, prosthetics (artificial body parts) and rehabilitation. CONCLUSION:

29. Cignini P, Giorlandino C, Padula F, Dugo N, Cafà EV, Spata A.  Epidemiology and causes of amniotic band syndrome, or ADAMsequence   (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3530965/) .  Journal of Prenatal Medicine . 2012 Oct - Dec ;6(4):59-63. Accessed 10/21/2022. Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center. Amniotic band syndrome  (https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/429/amniotic-band-syndrome) . Accessed 10/21/2022. National Organization for Rare Disorders. Amniotic Band Syndrome  (https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/amniotic-band-syndrome/) . Accessed 10/21/2022. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open  8(5):p e2842, May 2020. Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America. Amniotic Band Syndrome  (https://posna.org/Physician-Education/Study-Guide/Amniotic-Band-Syndrome) . Accessed 10/21/2022. REFERENCES:

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