Accounting For Governmental And Nonprofit Entities 18th Edition Reck Solutions Manual

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Accounting For Governmental And Nonprofit Entities 18th Edition Reck Solutions Manual
Accounting For Governmental And Nonprofit Entities 18th Edition Reck Solutions Manual
Accounting For Governmental And Nonprofit Entities 18th Edition Reck Solutions Manual


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Chapter 08 - Accounting for Fiduciary Activities—Custodial and Trust Funds

Copyright Š2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written
consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
8-1
CHAPTER 8: ACCOUNTING FOR FIDUCIARY ACTIVITIE S—
CUSTODIAL AND TRUST FUNDS

OUTLINE

Number Topic Type/Task Status
(re: 17/e)
Questions:
8-1 Determining a fiduciary relationship Explain New
8-2 Distinction between custodial and trust funds Distinguish, compare 8-1 revised
8-3 Identifying trust funds and their purpose Explain 8-2
8-4 Tax custodial funds Explain 8-3
8-5 Fiduciary and governmental fund reporting Compare 8-4
8-6 “Pass-through” funds Define, explain 8-5
8-7 External investment pools Explain New
8-8 Private purpose trusts Explain, compare New
8-9 Total and net pension liability Explain Same
8-10 Accounting for pension expenses/expenditures Explain Same
8-11 OPEB Explain New

Cases:

8-12 Research Case—CalPERS Locate, interpret Revised
8-13 Research—OPEB Plans Analyze Updated
8-14

Policy Issues Relating to Employee Pension
Plans

Analyze

Revised
8-15 Fiduciary Activities Standard Explain New

Exercises/Problems:

8-16 Examine the CAFR Examine 8-15
8-17 Various custodial and trust fund issues Multiple Choice 8-16 items 1
and 12-15 are
new
8-18 Various agency and trust fund issues Multiple Choice 8-17
8-19 Tax custodial fund Journal entries 8-18 revised
8-20 Special assessment debt JEs, analysis 8-19 revised
8-21 Identification of fiduciary funds Analysis 8-20
8-22 Investment trust fund Journal entries 8-21
8-23 Pass-through custodial fund Journal entries 8-22 revised
8-24 Fiduciary financial statements Financial statements 8-23
8-25 Fiduciary financial statements Financial statements New
8-26 Pension calculations Calculate 8-24
8-27 Investment risk exposure Apply New

Chapter 08 - Accounting for Fiduciary Activities—Custodial and Trust Funds

Copyright Š2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written
consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
8-2
CHAPTER 8: ACCOUNTING FOR FIDUCIARY ACTIVITIES —
AGENCY AND TRUST FUNDS

Answers to Questions

8-1. To establish a fiduciary relationship, GASBS 84 identifies three criteria that need to be
met. The three criteria are: (1) the assets related to the activity must be controlled by the
government, (2) the assets related to the activity cannot be generated by the government’s
exchange or non-exchange revenues (there is an exception for pass-through grants on this
criterion), and (3) the government cannot benefit from the assets.

General Problem Information: Determining a fiduciary relationship
Learning Objective: 8-1
Topic: Identifying Fiduciary Activities
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remember
Accreditation Skills tag: AACSB: Communication, AICPA: FN Reporting
Level of Difficulty: Easy

8-2. All fiduciary funds hold assets that benefit individuals, private organizations, or other
governments that are not a part of the reporting entity. However, a fiduciary trust fund
only exists if the fund meets certain requirements identified by the GASB, which include:
assets are administered through a trust, assets are used only to provide benefits to
recipients in accordance with benefit terms, and assets are legally protected from the
government’s creditors. Assets that are held in a fiduciary relationship that does not meet
the requirements of a trust are reported as custodial funds.

Fiduciary activities are reported only in the fiduciary fund financial statements; they have
no effect on the governmental or business-type activities of the primary government
reported in the government-wide financial statements. Custodial fund financial
information is reported in a separate column of the statement of fiduciary net position and
the statement of changes in fiduciary net position. Custodial fund activity is reported in
the aggregate with the exception of any external investment pool custodial funds. If a
government has external investment pool custodial funds, the funds are reported in a
separate custodial fund column on the financial statements.

Trust funds are reported in the statement of fiduciary net position and the statement of
changes in fiduciary net position. Trust funds are reported in separate columns by type
(i.e., pension [and other employee benefit] trust funds, investment trust funds, private-
purpose trusts).

General Problem Information: Distinction between custodial and trust funds
Learning Objective: 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4

Chapter 08 - Accounting for Fiduciary Activities—Custodial and Trust Funds

Copyright Š2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written
consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
8-3
Ch. 8, Answers, Question 8-2 (Cont'd)

Topic: Identifying Fiduciary Activities, Custodial Funds, Trust Funds
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remember
Accreditation Skills tag: AACSB: Communication, AICPA: FN Reporting
Level of Difficulty: Medium

8-3. There are many different types of trust funds. For reporting purposes the GASB classifies
trust funds as investment trusts, private-purpose trusts, and pension trusts (also referred to
as pension and other employee benefit trusts). An investment trust fund is used to account
for and report the fund equity in pooled investments held by fund participants who are
external to the government operating the fund. Private-purpose trust funds record and
report principal and/or interest managed by a government for the benefit of an individual,
private organization, or another government. The distinguishing characteristic is that the
party benefiting from the trust must be external to the government operating the trust. In
pension and other employee benefits trusts a government is managing benefits that
belong to government employees. In each case the government is acting as a fiduciary, or
in the best interest of parties outside the government.

General Problem Information: Identifying trust funds and their purpose
Learning Objective: 8-3
Topic: Trust Funds
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remember
Accreditation Skills tag: AACSB: Communication, AICPA: FN Reporting
Level of Difficulty: Easy

8-4. A tax custodial fund is necessary when one government collects taxes for multiple
governmental funds and for other governments. The fund collects and accounts for the
tax payments from citizens and businesses, and then remits the appropriate amount of tax
money to each fund and government. One issue that makes this difficult is that taxes for
one year may actually be collected over more than one year. In addition, the tax rates and
proportions applicable to each fund or government change from year to year. When
delinquent taxes are collected there may also be associated penalties and interest to
consider.

General Problem Information: Tax agency funds
Learning Objective: 8-2
Topic: Custodial Funds
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remember
Accreditation Skills tag: AACSB: Communication, AICPA: FN Reporting
Level of Difficulty: Easy

Chapter 08 - Accounting for Fiduciary Activities—Custodial and Trust Funds

Copyright Š2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written
consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
8-4
Ch. 8, Answers (Cont'd)

8-5. Fiduciary funds are never included in the government-wide financial statements. Instead,
their activities are reported in a set of fiduciary fund financial statements. The
governmental funds, on the other hand, are reported in the government-wide financial
statements. Governmental funds are included in the Governmental Activities column of
the government-wide financial statements.

The fund financial statements are prepared using the accrual basis of accounting and the
economic resources measurement focus, while the governmental fund financial
statements use the modified accrual basis and the current financial resources
measurement focus.

General Problem Information: Fiduciary and governmental fund reporting
Learning Objective: 8-4
Topic: Custodial Funds, Trust Funds, Illustrative Financial Statements
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remember
Accreditation Skills tag: AACSB: Communication, AICPA: FN Reporting
Level of Difficulty: Easy

8-6. A pass-through custodial fund is one wherein a level of government (such as the state
government) serves as an intermediary, transferring resources to another level of
government (such as local government). For a pass-through custodial fund to be
appropriate the government acting as the conduit must have no administrative or direct
financial involvement. If the pass-through government provides monitoring, is involved
in determining eligibility of fund recipients or programs, has discretion in allocating
funds, or finances some direct program costs a pass-through custodial fund is not
appropriate.

General Problem Information: “Pass-through” funds
Learning Objective: 8-3
Topic: Custodial Funds
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remember
Accreditation Skills tag: AACSB: Communication, AICPA: FN Reporting
Level of Difficulty: Medium

8-7. External investment pool activities will be reported in one of two ways. If the external
investment pool is a trust and meets the criteria for a trust as indicated in GASBS 84, the
external investment pool is reported as an external investment trust. It is reported in the
Investment Trust column of the fiduciary fund financial statements. If the external
investment pool is not a trust fund it would be reported as a custodial fund and reported
in a separate external investment custodial fund column. Whether reported as a trust or a
custodial fund only those assets belonging to those participants external to the
administering government are reported in the fiduciary fund financial statements.

Chapter 08 - Accounting for Fiduciary Activities—Custodial and Trust Funds

Copyright Š2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written
consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
8-5
Ch. 8, Answers, Question 8-7 (Cont'd)

General Problem Information: External investment pools
Learning Objective: 8-3
Topic: Investment & Private-Purpose Trust Funds
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remember
Accreditation Skills tag: AACSB: Communication, AICPA: FN Reporting
Level of Difficulty: Medium

8-8. A private-purpose trust fund is a fiduciary fund administered by a government entity for
beneficiaries external to the administering government, such as individuals,
organizations, or governments other than the government administering the trust. The two
asset types that can be held by a private-purpose trust are nonexpendable assets, wherein
the corpus must be maintained in perpetuity (endowments) and expendable assets. With
expendable assets the corpus need not be maintained but can be spent for the trust
purpose. This differs from a governmental permanent fund, in that, permanent fund assets
(corpus) must be maintained in perpetuity with only the income generated from the assets
spent on the trust purpose.

General Problem Information: Private purpose trusts
Learning Objective: 8-3
Topic: Investment & Private-Purpose Trust Funds
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remember
Accreditation Skills tag: AACSB: Communication, AICPA: FN Reporting
Level of Difficulty: Medium

8-9. Total pension liability represents the present value of future retirement payments that are
based on prior years of service. Net pension liability is the difference between total
pension liability and plan fiduciary net position. In effect it is the amount of the existing
pension liability that has not yet been funded.

General Problem Information: Total and net pension liability
Learning Objective: 8-5
Topic: Pension Trust Funds
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remember
Accreditation Skills tag: AACSB: Communication, AICPA: FN Reporting
Level of Difficulty: Easy

8-10. A government employer reports pension expenditures in a governmental fund on the
modified accrual basis of accounting. Thus, the amount recognized will be the actual
amount contributed to the plan and the net annual change in amounts normally expected
to be liquidated with expendable available financial resources. In proprietary funds and in
the governmental activities journal at the government-wide level, employers would
recognize the pension cost on the accrual basis. The pension expense includes current
year benefits, interest on prior pension liabilities, plan changes, amortization of deferred
amounts, and other changes to the net pension liability.

Chapter 08 - Accounting for Fiduciary Activities—Custodial and Trust Funds

Copyright Š2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written
consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
8-6
Ch. 8, Answers, Question 8-10 (Cont'd)

General Problem Information: Accounting for pension expenses/expenditures
Learning Objective: 8-5
Topic: Pension Trust Funds
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remember
Accreditation Skills tag: AACSB: Communication, AICPA: FN Reporting
Level of Difficulty: Medium

8-11 OPEB stands for other postemployment benefits and includes retirement benefits other
than pensions. The primary OPEB benefit is healthcare, but examples of other benefits
include life insurance and long-term care. The recognition and reporting of OBEB is very
similar to pension reporting. Trust fund activity is reported in the pension column of the
fiduciary financial statements.

General Problem Information: OPEB
Learning Objective: 8-6
Topic: Other Postemployment Benefits (OEB)
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remember
Accreditation Skills tag: AACSB: Communication, AICPA: FN Reporting
Level of Difficulty: Easy

Solutions to Cases

8-12. a. CalPERS was established in 1932.
b. As of June 30, 2016, 3,021 employers contribute to CalPERS, including state
agencies, cities, special purpose governments, and schools.
c. As of June 30, 2016, 1.8 million members are served by CalPERS. This includes
873,026 active members and 648,645 retirees and beneficiaries.
d. As of 6/30/16, CalPERS administers the following program types:
• Pension funds
• A health program
• A deferred compensation plan
• Other postemployment benefits plan (CERBT)
e. The total net position will vary with the most recent financial report. As of 6/30/16
the figure is $306,572,748,000.

Chapter 08 - Accounting for Fiduciary Activities—Custodial and Trust Funds

Copyright Š2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written
consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
8-7
Ch. 8, Solutions, Case 8-12 (Cont'd)

f. The change in pension fund net position will vary with the most recent financial
report. In the FYE 6/30/16, the total change in net position was a $3,409,933,000
decrease over 2015.
g. The funded status as reflected in the 6/30/2016 RSI schedule of changes in net
pension liability and related ratios shows that the two PERF plans (B and C) are
73.9% and 74.1% funded.

General Problem Information: Research Case - CalPERS
Learning Objective: 8-5
Topic: Pension Trust Funds
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Understand
Accreditation Skills tag: AACSB: Communication, AICPA: FN Reporting
Level of Difficulty: Medium

8-13. Following are answers based on the 2016 fiscal year CAFRs for the City of Boston and
New York City. The answers to the questions will vary with the year of the CAFRs
examined; therefore, the answers provided serve as a guide to what should be considered
in the analysis.
a. For 2016 (based upon 2015 valuations) the unfunded actuarial accrued liability
(UAAL) was $2,164,978,000 for the OPEB-City and $2,262,558,000 for the OPEB-
Plan. The funded ratios are quite low at 13.03% and 12.90%, respectively. UAAL is
166.0% of covered payroll for OPEB-City and 165.6% for OPEB-Plan, indicating
that the liability represents over two and a half years of payroll.
b. For 2016 (based upon 2015 valuations) the UAAL was $73,045,872,000 for the City
of New York’s OPEB. The funded ratio is 4.4%, and UAAL is 341.4% of covered
payroll, indicating that the liability represents almost three and a half years of payroll.
c. Based on the data available, it would appear that Boston and New York City have low
levels of funding for OPEB liabilities. While the size of New York’s UAAL is larger,
the city’s population of 8.5 million dwarfs Boston’s population of 669,469, which
would result in more public employees receiving benefits and more employees in the
denominator for the UAAL as a percentage of covered payroll. A review of funding
progress schedules indicates that over the time period 2011-2015 Boston has made
more funding progress than New York City. During that time Boston’s funded ratio
went from 4.23% to 13.03% for the City and 4.11% to 12.90% for the Plan. New
York City went from 3.1% to 4.4% during that same time period. Although Boston
appears to be improving its funded position, in both cases, the future financial burden
and cost related to the currently earned benefits are notable.

General Problem Information: OPEB Plans
Learning Objective: 8-6
Topic: Other Postemployment Benefits
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analyze
Accreditation Skills tag: AACSB: Analytical Thinking, AICPA: FN Reporting
Level of Difficulty: Medium

Chapter 08 - Accounting for Fiduciary Activities—Custodial and Trust Funds

Copyright Š2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written
consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
8-8
Ch. 8, Solutions (Cont'd)

8-14. a. As defined by the publications, a defined benefit plan provides governmental
employees with lifetime retirement income based upon years of service and final
average salary. Defined contribution plans are similar to individual retirement savings
accounts where the investments are selected by the employee from a list of options
provided by the plan. The benefit at retirement depends on the value in the
employee’s account. Under a defined benefit plan, the government—hence,
taxpayers—bear responsibility for future benefit payments, as well as market and
inflation risk. Defined contribution plans shift all the risk and responsibilities from
the employer to the employee.

A hybrid plan combines elements of both defined benefit plans and defined
contribution plans. They are intended to spread the risks associated with the pension
payments between the employer and the employee. In some cases employees are
required to participate in both a defined benefit and a defined contribution plan.

b. When evaluating whether to shift from a defined benefit to a defined contribution
plan or to a hybrid plan, a government should consider risks, costs, and human
resource goals. Each of these factors involves the government, government
employees, and taxpayers.

c. Since the financial crisis states have been increasingly moving more of the
responsibility for retirement planning to the individual. However, many of the plans
adopted since the crisis tend to be a combination of benefit and contribution as shown
in figure 1 of the publication “Defined Contribution Plans in the Public Sector: An
Update.” Six states have adopted mandatory hybrid plans since 2007. No states have
adopted optional plans, unlike prior to 2007, when there were seven states that
adopted optional contribution plans. Interestingly, none of the states are adopting
solely a defined contribution plan in the post-financial crisis period.

d. Each student’s memo should identify and support a position on the proposed change.
In evaluating each student’s performance on this case, we recommend placing more
weight on the quality and depth of analysis than on the student’s final conclusion.

General Problem Information: Policy Issues Relating to Employee Pension Plans
Learning Objective: 8-5
Topic: Pension Trust Funds
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Apply
Accreditation Skills tag: AACSB: Communication, AICPA: FN Reporting
Level of Difficulty: Medium

Chapter 08 - Accounting for Fiduciary Activities—Custodial and Trust Funds

Copyright Š2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written
consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
8-9
Ch. 8, Solutions (Cont'd)

8-15. a. Due to inconsistent reporting under GASBS 14 (as amended), the GASB determined it
was necessary to issue a standard related to fiduciary activities. GASBS 14 instructed
governments to report activities of organizations that didn’t meet the requirements for
inclusion as part of the reporting entity as fiduciary funds if the reporting entity had
fiduciary responsibility for the assets. However, due to the vague wording,
governments’ interpretation of what to report varied widely, resulting in a lack of
comparability.
b. An equivalent arrangement is an arrangement that may not be a “trust” in name but
has all of the characteristics of a trust; that is, the assets are dedicated to providing
benefits to recipients in accordance with the benefit terms and the assets are legally
protected from creditors.
c. The GASB believes that since the government controls the assets of the fiduciary
funds, relevant and reliable transaction information concerning the financial position
and inflow and outflow of resources is important to stakeholders. Although GASB
Concepts Statement No. 3 lists several methods for providing information, the GASB
felt that provision of fiduciary financial information was essential to users; thus,
rising to the level of financial statements rather than note disclosure or required
supplementary information.
d. The GASB has allowed for the aggregation of custodial fund additions and
deductions to help relieve the cost and effort burden that would be imposed on
governments reporting disaggregated information. Custodial fund additions may be
aggregated by source and deductions aggregated by type provided the resources are
held for short time periods (three months or less).

General Problem Information: Fiduciary Activities Standard
Learning Objective: 8-1
Topic: Identifying Fiduciary Activities
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Understand
Accreditation Skills tag: AACSB: Reflective thinking, AICPA: FN Critical thinking
Level of Difficulty: Medium

Chapter 08 - Accounting for Fiduciary Activities—Custodial and Trust Funds

Copyright Š2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written
consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
8-10
Solutions to Exercises and Problems

8-16. Each student will have an annual report from a different government unit; therefore, the
answers to these questions will differ from student to student.

General Problem Information: Examine the CAFR
Learning Objective: 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5
Topic: Various
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Apply
Accreditation Skills tag: AACSB: Communication, AICPA: FN Reporting
Level of Difficulty: Medium

8-17.
1. c. 6. b. 11. c.
2. a. 7. c. 12. b.
3. b. 8. a. 13. d.
4. a. 9. a. 14. a.
5. c. 10. d. 15. d.

General Problem Information: Various fiduciary and trust fund issues
Learning Objective: 8-1 through 8-6
Topic: Various chapter topics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remember
Accreditation Skills tag: AACSB: Knowledge Application, AICPA: FN Reporting
Level of Difficulty: Medium

8-18. 1. b. 6. c.
2. d. 7. b.
3. d. 8. c.
4. a. 9. b.
5. d. 10. d.

General Problem Information: Various agency and trust fund issues
Learning Objective: 8-1 through 8-5
Topic: Various chapter topics
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Remember
Accreditation Skills tag: AACSB: Knowledge Application, AICPA: FN Reporting
Level of Difficulty: Medium

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Chapter 08 - Accounting for Fiduciary Activities—Custodial and Trust Funds

Copyright Š2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written
consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
8-11
Ch. 8, Solutions (Cont'd)

8-19. a. SUNCOAST COUNTY
TAX CUSTODIAL FUND
GENERAL JOURNAL

Debits Credits
1. TAXES RECEIVABLE FOR OTHER FUNDS
AND GOVERNMENTS ⎯CURRENT 24,843,000
DUE TO OTHER FUNDS AND GOVERNMENTS 24,843,000

2. CASH 13,700,000
TAXES RECEIVABLE FOR OTHER FUNDS
AND GOVERNMENTS ⎯CURRENT 13,700,000

3. DUE TO OTHER FUNDS AND GOVERNMENTS 13,700,000
DUE TO COUNTY GENERAL FUND 5,818,294
DUE TO TOWN OF BAYSHORE 2,629,046
DUE TO SUNCOAST COUNTY CONSOLIDATED
SCHOOL DISTRICT 3,557,903
DUE TO VARIOUS TOWNS 1,694,757

Shares: COMPUTATION Taxes
Collected
1.5% Fee Agency's
Liability
County 10,333,000/24,843,000 × 13,700,000 = 5,698,269 + 120,025 5,818,294
Bayshore 4,840,000/24,843,000 × 13,700,000 = 2,669,082 − 40,036 2,629,046
School 6,550,000/24,843,000 × 13,700,000 = 3,612,084 − 54,181 3,557,903
Towns 3,120,000/24,843,000 × 13,700,000 = 1,720,565 − 25,808 1,694,757

Chapter 08 - Accounting for Fiduciary Activities—Custodial and Trust Funds

Copyright Š2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written
consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
8-12
Ch. 8, Solutions, Exercise 8-19 (Cont'd)
Debits Credits

4. DUE TO COUNTY GENERAL FUND 5,818,294
DUE TO TOWN OF BAYSHORE 2,629,046
DUE TO SUNCOAST COUNTY CONSOLIDATED
SCHOOL DISTRICT 3,557,903
DUE TO VARIOUS TOWNS 1,694,757
CASH 13,700,000

5. DEDUCTIONS—ADMINISTRATIVE FEE 120,025
DEDUCTIONS—PAYMENTS OF PROPERTY
TAXES TO OTHER GOVERNMENTS 7,881,706
ADDITIONS—PROPERTY TAX COLLECTIONS
FOR OTHER GOVERNMENTS 8,001,731

b. SUNCOAST COUNTY
GENERAL FUND
GENERAL JOURNAL


1. TAXES RECEIVABLE ⎯CURRENT 10,333,000
ESTIMATED UNCOLLECTIBLE CURRENT TAXES 413,320
REVENUES 9,919,680

4. CASH 5,818,294
TAXES RECEIVABLE ⎯CURRENT 5,698,269
REVENUES (COLLECTION FEES) 120,025

Chapter 08 - Accounting for Fiduciary Activities—Custodial and Trust Funds

Copyright Š2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written
consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
8-13
Ch. 8, Solutions, Exercise 8-19 (Cont'd)

c. TOWN OF BAYSHORE
GENERAL FUND
GENERAL JOURNAL

Debits Credits
1. TAXES RECEIVABLE ⎯CURRENT 4,840,000
ESTIMATED UNCOLLECTIBLE CURRENT TAXES 96,800
REVENUES 4,743,200

4. CASH 2,629,046
EXPENDITURES (COLLECTION FEES) 40,036
TAXES RECEIVABLE ⎯CURRENT 2,669,082

d. The tax custodial fund would prepare a statement of tax custodial fund net
position reflecting the asset and liability balances of the fund. It would also
prepare a statement of changes in tax custodial net position to reflect the
additions and deductions during the period. Since the fund holds the
resources for less than three months it need only report the aggregate
sources (property taxes) and types (payments and fees). Additionally, the
fund would be combined with any other custodial funds that Suncoast
County has and the total of the assets and liabilities, and the total of
additions and deductions for the custodial funds would be shown in a
single custodial fund column on the statement of fiduciary net position and
the statement of changes in fiduciary net position, respectively.

General Problem Information: Tax agency fund
Learning Objective: 8-2
Topic: Custodial Funds
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Apply
Accreditation Skills tag: AACSB: Knowledge Application, AICPA: Financial
Reporting
Level of Difficulty: Medium

Chapter 08 - Accounting for Fiduciary Activities—Custodial and Trust Funds

Copyright Š2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written
consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
8-14
Ch. 8, Solutions (Cont'd)

8-20.
a. Since the city is providing administrative services for debt for which it has
no legal obligation, the GASB standards indicate the services should be
accounted for using a custodial fund.

b. LOCAL IMPROVEMENT DISTRICT FUND
GENERAL JOURNAL

Debits Credits
1. ASSESSMENTS RECEIVABLE ⎯CURRENT 500,000
ASSESSMENTS RECEIVABLE ⎯NONCURRENT 4,500,000
DUE TO SPECIAL ASSESSMENT
BONDHOLDERS ⎯PRINCIPAL 5,000,000

2. CASH 750,000
ASSESSMENTS RECEIVABLE ⎯CURRENT 500,000
DUE TO SPECIAL ASSESSMENT
BONDHOLDERS ⎯INTEREST 250,000
ASSESSMENTS RECEIVABLE ⎯CURRENT 500,000
ASSESSMENTS RECEIVABLE ⎯NONCURRENT 500,000

3. DUE TO SPECIAL ASSESSMENT
BONDHOLDERS⎯PRINCIPAL 500,000
DUE TO SPECIAL ASSESSMENT
BONDHOLDERS ⎯INTEREST 250,000
CASH 750,000

Chapter 08 - Accounting for Fiduciary Activities—Custodial and Trust Funds

Copyright Š2019 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written
consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
8-15
Ch. 8, Solutions, Exercise 8-20 b. (Cont'd)
Debits Credits
4. DEDUCTIONS—PAYMENT OF PRINCIPAL TO
BONDHOLDERS 500,000
DEDUCTIONS—PAYMENT OF INTEREST TO
BONDHOLDERS 250,000
ADDITIONS—PRINCIPAL & INTEREST
COLLECTIONS 750,000

c. Assets and liabilities of the special assessment custodial fund would be
combined with other custodial funds of the reporting entity and appear in a
separate column on the statement of fiduciary net position. Additionally,
the additions and deductions for the fund would be combined with other
custodial funds of the reporting entity and be shown in a separate column
on the statement of changes in fiduciary net position. If there are several
custodial funds, Foothills may opt to provide combining statements of
custodial funds in its CAFR. The combining statements would display the
activity each custodial fund in a separate column.

d. Since the City of Foothills is not obligated in any manner for the Green
Acres special assessment debt, the debt should not be reported in
Foothills’ financial statements; however, the notes to the financial
statements should disclose the amount of the debt, as well as the fact that
the government is in no way liable for repayment but is only acting as a
custodial for the property owners in collecting the assessments,
forwarding the collections to bondholders, and initiating foreclosure
proceedings, if appropriate.

General Problem Information: Special Assessment Debt
Learning Objective: 8-2
Topic: Custodial Funds
Bloom’s Taxonomy: Apply

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Ma l’ho già detto a lui in treno, Lello! Ti giuro che io non ho visto
nessuno, nessuno dei tanti telegrammi spediti da voi, di cui lui mi ha
parlato! Vi avrei tranquillato subito io stessa!
Lello
Te li hanno dunque nascosti?
Evelina
Certo per trattenermi lĂ  con loro, temendo che, se avessi saputo
della vostra inquietudine, mi sarei affrettata a ripartire! Ah, ma son
sicura che in nessuno di quei telegrammi tu avrai accennato alla
disperazione di Titti, perchè non posso credere che Aldo mi avrebbe
tenuto nascosto anche questo! Ti prego di dirmelo! È vero?
Lello
È vero, sÏ! Ma perchè abbiamo creduto che lui, là, stesse, a dir poco,
per morire! Darti l’annunzio che qua la Titti piangeva per te —
metterti come tra due fuochi — c’è parso troppo.... Tanto più che
qua, per lei (allude alla Titti) c’erano queste buone amiche, che non
si son mica divertite, sai?...
Signora Armelli
Basta, la prego, avvocato....
Signora TÏòòi
Queste son cose....
Signora Armelli
Sì, ecco — che vi direte tra voi. Noi non dobbiamo, nè vogliamo più
entrarci. (Ostentatamente, rivolgendosi soltanto a Lello) A rivederla,
avvocato!

Evelina
Ma io sono stata, infine, in compagnia di mio figlio, che non vedevo
piĂš da circa due mesi!
Signora Armelli
(con uno scatto d’indignazione)
Ah, via.... (Rivolgendosi alla signora Tuzzi) Andiamocene,
andiamocene!
Signora TÏòòi
SÏ, ecco è troppo....
Evelina
Ve ne indignate? Anche tu, Lucia?
Signora Armelli
(fremente, contenendosi a stento)
Ma sì, cara! Il figlio.... (atto di nausea) — ah! Avrei almeno il pudore
di non nominarlo, ecco!
Evelina
(con scatto spontaneo, sbalordita)
Tu?... Mio figlio? E dici il pudore?... Ma Lucia!
Signora Armelli
(facendosi torbida)
Che?
Evelina

(subito, sorridente, calma, arguta)
No, niente, cara! — Ti faccio soltanto osservare che, anche per tutto
il peggio che tu possa sospettare, io — dopo tutto — sto tornando,
mi pare, dalla casa di mio marito.
Signora Armelli
Ah, basta, basta, via! andiamo! Via, via, Giorgio! Andiamo!
La signora Armelli, via, con la signora Tuzzi e con Giorgio.
Evelina
(piano, quasi piĂš stupita che sdegnata)
Oh guarda. Sono proprio indignate.
Lello
(macerato dalla bile)
E te ne meravigli? Ma ti pare davvero una scusa che ritorni dalla
casa di tuo marito?
Evelina
(di scatto)
Ah sì! Per loro, sì! Perchè la signora Lucia Armelli (l’altra, non lo so),
ma la signora Lucia Armelli, quando ritorna in casa, non lo può mica
dire, sai? a suo marito, dove è stata.
Lello
Ma lascia star quella! Voglio sapere che cosa puoi dire tu, ora, a me!
Evelina

(offesa, ma fors’anche più addolorata che
offesa, lo guarda un po’; poi si passa una mano
sulla fronte e dice, stanca)
No, per caritĂ . CosĂŹ, no, Lello.
Lello
(investendola)
No? Come no? — Chiaro! chiaro! — Voglio che tu mi risponda! — E
chiaro!
Evelina
(c. s. ma con piĂš recisione)
Oh Dio, ti prego! Lello, per te stesso!
Lello
(c. s. piĂš violento)
Ma io voglio sapere! Ho diritto di sapere! Lo sai quello che hai fatto?
Evelina
Lo so. Mi sono trattenuta lĂ  otto giorni.
Lello
(la guarda, e vedendola cosĂŹ placida e semplice,
quasi si sente mancare il fiato per proseguire)
E.... e ti par poco? Lasciando credere a tutti, qua....
Evelina
Io? Che ho lasciato credere? Senza codesta tua aggressione, t’avrei
detto tutto io stessa, ritornando; perchè non ho proprio nulla da

nascondere, io.
Lello
Nulla, eh? nulla! — Otto giorni là con lui, e....
Evelina
(profondamente avvilita per lui, piÚ che per sè,
troncando)
Ma no, caro!
Lello
Come no?
Evelina
Non «con lui» — «in casa di lui», se mai.
Lello
Ah, brava! «In casa» — così, innocentemente? E non «con lui»; con
tuo figlio soltanto, eh?
Evelina
(c. s.)
Ma sĂŹ, anche con lui.
Lello
Ah, ecco! Ammetti. Ma come con un fratello, è vero? Un fratello che
ti chiama Eva, no? che ti chiama.... come ti chiama?... non so....
ÂŤIĂš!Âť, come una cavalla!
Evelina

(turbata da questo richiamo a quell’altra sua
vita lĂ , col marito; offesa per la crudezza del
richiamo e, nello stesso tempo, piĂš che mai
addolorata, si nasconde il volto con le mani
mormorando)
Oh Dio mio.... oh Dio mio....
Pausa. Lello passeggia concitato. Si ferma. La guarda.
Lello
Ma non la trovi intanto una scusa, d’esserti trattenuta là otto giorni,
senza che tuo figlio fosse malato; non la trovi! non la trovi! Stai con
la faccia nascosta.... Parla! Di’ almeno qualche cosa.... (Stupito,
come davanti a un vuoto che gli s’apra sempre più davanti, per quel
silenzio nascosto che sempre più gli s’appalesa come una
confessione tacita della colpa) Non hai nulla da dire? E allora? Ah,
dunque, allora....
Evelina
(levandosi, piano, con tristezza grave e quasi
sorda, avendo intuito il sospetto di lui, ma
sentendo altresĂŹ che, pur potendo subito
distruggerlo, le resterĂ  sempre da dire una cosa
di maggior peso per lei)
Ma no, caro, non è questo.
Lello
Non.... non è questo? E che cos’è? che cos’è? che intendi dire? Parla,
perdio!
Evelina

Parla.... sì, parla.... Che vuoi che ti dica, così? Dico che m’hai fatto
sentire, con la crudezza delle tue parole.... non so, vedere che lĂ ....
(resta sospesa: vorrebbe aggiungere: ÂŤche lĂ  ho pure una mia vita,
a cui tu hai il torto di richiamarmi cosĂŹ crudamente, mentre giĂ  a me
par quasi un sogno, trovandomi adesso qua, in quest’altra mia vita,
da cui mi frastorni e m’allontani, con questa scena che m’offende»)
Lello
(rimasto in attesa angosciosa, premendola a
dire, con sgarbo)
Che lĂ ? Che cosa?
Evelina
No.... niente.... niente di male.... Sono stata con Aldo e con lui, ma
sempre, ogni giorno, col pensiero di dovere ritornare a casa mia.
Lello
Vivendo, intanto, e sollazzandoti lĂ ?
Evelina
(non sopportando piĂš la naturale, scusabilissima
volgaritĂ  dei sospetti di lui)
Per caritĂ , taci! Non finire di rompere ora, cosĂŹ, il sogno che mi tenne
là, di questa casa, di te, di mia figlia, e che sentii subito — subito,
appena vi ho rimesso il piede — come la mia vera vita! — Sì, qua....
te.... tutto.... — E un sogno adesso, là.... quella che fui là, quello che
feci....
Lello
(dapprima quasi sbalordito di sentirle dire cosĂŹ;
poi, subito, accendendosi di nuovo)

Ma io.... io ancora non lo so, non lo so che cosa fosti lĂ , che facesti!
Sei rimasta otto giorni — questo solo so — quando l’obbligo tuo,
trovando che lĂŹ ti avevano (con un violento scatto di nausea) oh,
vigliaccamente, vigliaccamente, sai? brutalmente ingannata —
l’obbligo tuo era di ritornartene subito qua!
Evelina
Sì, sì, è vero, è vero! — Ma Aldo....
Lello
Che Aldo! Dici Aldo? Senti: ci vuole una bella sfrontatezza! Come se
non sapessi che fu «lui», «lui!» E il figlio, d’accordo! Un inganno da
mascalzone, sĂŹ, sĂŹ, una trappola per riprenderti ÂŤamericanamenteÂť,
servendosi del figlio! E tu ti sei lasciata riprendere!
Evelina
(con forza)
Ma no!
Lello
Come no? Non sei rimasta, invece di ripartirtene subito?
Evelina
Ti giuro che volevo ripartirmene subito, appena alla stazione mi vidi
davanti Aldo, sano, che rideva.... E glielo dissi, sai? glielo dissi. (Con
l’aria grave della signora Lina, ma sincerissima) Manifestai tutto lo
sdegno. — Ma sai Aldo com’è.... quello che cominciò a dire, a fare....
Lello
(sempre convinto che non sia stato Aldo
soltanto)

Aldo, eh?
Evelina
(non comprendendo l’ironia della domanda)
SĂŹ, al suo solito, tante pazzie....
Lello
(c. s.)
Aldo! — Non mi dici quello che cominciò a far lui!...
Evelina
(ingenuissima)
Eh, lui no, non venne alla stazione.
Lello
Ah, non venne? Consentisti però ad andare con tuo figlio in casa di
lui....
Evelina
(c. s.)
No, prima no; prima andai all’albergo. E non mi sarei mai arresa ad
andare in casa di lui, se....
Lello
(troncando con sdegno)
Ma via! Poi ci andasti! E allora, sotto lo stesso tetto, con tuo
marito.... tutti i ricordi antichi, eh? (Sghignazzando) Ma niente di
male, niente di male, si sa! Era, dopo tutto, tuo marito!

Evelina
(irrigidendosi, con alterezza dolente)
Ti prego di credere che, se sono ritornata, vuol dire che puoi essere
sicuro che ÂŤho sentitoÂť di poter ritornare.
Lello
Grazie, grazie di codesto sentimento! Ah, mi piace tanto! ÂŤHai
sentitoÂť di potere ritornare?
Evelina
SĂŹ. E ti dico che non merito affatto codesto tuo dileggio. (Cangiando
aria e tono) Sbagli, sbagli, Lello, a mostrarti, a parlare ancora cosĂŹ
con me. Perchè mi costringi allora a una sincerità di cui nessuna
donna avrebbe l’obbligo — guarda! — neppure con sè stessa;
figurati poi col proprio marito! E tu non sei neanche mio marito.
Lello
(subito, quasi trionfante nell’ira)
Ah, eccola, eccola la confessione che ti sfugge senza volerlo!
Evelina
(stordita, quasi tra sè)
La confessione?
Lello
Ma sÏ, ecco, lo dici tu stessa che è quello adesso tuo marito!
Evelina
(di nuovo, altera, recisa, contenendosi)

Non è «quello!» — Io lo dicevo a te. — Ma dunque davvero puoi
credere che sia ÂŤquelloÂť come intendi tu, e farmi poi capace di
ritornare a te, a mia figlia? (Pausa. Lello resta come interdetto. E
allora con sdegnoso rammarico, come per un’imposizione della
coscienza a cui non può piÚ opporsi, aggiunge) Ah, ma vedi? vedi? io
mi sento costretta ora a dirti una cosa, che avrei potuto risparmiare
a te e a me; che avevo sentito, venendo, di non doverti piĂš dire. Ma
ora debbo dirtela! debbo dirtela!
Lello
Che cosa?
Evelina
Questa. Che se sono ritornata, non devi credere che non mi sia
costato nulla il ritorno.
Lello
Ah, confessi.... confessi anche che t’è costato molto?
Evelina
SĂŹ. LĂ , sĂŹ. Ma appena mi sono staccata di lĂ , no. Ho sentito soltanto il
desiderio di ritornare al piĂš presto.
Lello
E vuoi, di’, vuoi che ti ringrazii anche di codesta sincerità?
Evelina
L’hai voluta tu, mostrandoti così diverso, nemico, a me che ritornavo
alla mia casa perfettamente rimessa nel sentimento che ho di tutta
questa mia vita qua e con l’unico pensiero della mia bambina
malata....

Lello
Ah, ecco — per lei! Sei dunque ritornata unicamente per lei?
Evelina
Ma no — anche per te.
Lello
Grazie di nuovo, cara! Ma come vuoi che ci creda più, se m’hai detto
che t’è costato molto staccarti di là? È segno che tu là con lui....
Evelina
(subito, arrestandolo)
No! Ah, no! Tu mi costringi prima a ferirti con la mia sinceritĂ ,
strappata così, per forza, e vuoi fartene poi un’arma contro di me? —
No! Perchè, se pure essa m’ha costretto a dirti che m’è costato
molto, questo — se mai — farebbe più grave il sacrifizio con cui avrei
pagato il diritto di poter ritornare a te e a mia figlia!
Lello
Ah, di bene in meglio! Il sacrifizio! Altro che molto, dunque, t’è
costato! Dici sacrifizio, ora!
Evelina
(pigiando sulle parole)
Ho detto «se pure»; ho detto «se mai». Non l’ho più sentito,
venendo. La mia vita è qua — questa. — Sono stordita ancora....
(Con la meravigliosa ingenuità di una che non può fare a meno di
dire, quasi senza pensare che cosa dice a chi la dice) È cosÏ strano, è
così strano quello che sento, che.... — tu forse avrai ragione — ma
sono ora qua così tranquilla, che non capisco più — ti giuro — di che
cosa ti lamenti ancora....

Lello
Sei diventata incosciente? Come, di che mi lamento? Ti par poco
adesso lo scandalo? Ne hai pure avuto una prova tu stessa, or ora!
Evelina
Dici di quelle due pettegole?
Lello
Ma puoi esser certa che tutti, adesso.... È la rovina, la rovina della
tua reputazione, lo vuoi capire? È finita!
Evelina
(come se parlasse d’un’altra)
Finita.... la signora Lina? (E aggiunge sotto voce, come se lo dicesse
Aldo) Muffa della signora Lina! (E ride)
Lello
(piĂš che mai trasecolato, mirandola)
Ma che dici? sei impazzita?
Evelina
(riprendendosi, ma sempre un po’ stordita)
No.... È che.... (E si butta a ragionare con ambigua serietà) — dico
che, se quelle due pettegole non fossero accecate dall’invidia o dal
dispetto....
Lello
E dĂ lli! Lasciale stare, quelle due! Non saranno quelle due sole, ti
dico! Ma tutti! tutti!

Evelina
(seguitando come sopra: Eva e Lina; la voce di
Eva, l’aria di Lina)
Aspetta, scusa. Tutti sanno, mi pare, perchè sono andata da mio
figlio.
Lello
GiĂ ! Ma sanno anche, ora, che non era vero niente, che tuo figlio
fosse malato, e che, non ostante questo....
Evelina
(subito dice per lui)
Sono rimasta lĂ  otto giorni con mio marito. (E non potendone piĂš,
sbuffa) Auff!
Lello
Sotto lo stesso tetto!
Evelina
Questo lo dicono loro.
Lello
No, questa è la verità!
Evelina
Sì, ma per quello che ne pensano loro, intendo. (Si ferma un po’ a
guardarlo, come per confermare un patto) Oh, non piĂš per te, ora!
Almeno spero.
Lello

(approvando ironicamente, con un inchino
rabbioso)
Benissimo! Ma bisognerebbe che lo credessero anche gli altri! Non
basta, cara, che lo creda io! E vai, vai tu adesso a farlo credere agli
altri!
Evelina
Scusa, se sono ritornata a te....
Lello
(con un grido)
Peggio! Dopo essere stata lĂ !
Evelina
(stanca)
Oh, insomma, senti, Lello, a me basta la mia coscienza, e che mi
creda tu. Non m’importa degli altri. Pensino quello che vogliono....
come vogliono....
Lello
Ma importa a me, se permetti! A me! a me! Per la tua reputazione! E
anche per me stesso!
Evelina
Per te stesso, no, scusa; perchè tu, comunque pensino gli altri, non
ti dovresti lamentare.
Lello
Ah, nemmeno?

Evelina
Nemmeno. Perchè, se è peggio per me, è meglio per te: che io sia
ritornata, dopo essere stata là — l’hai detto tu stesso. Suppongo,
perchè la gente, mio marito adesso — almeno legalmente — sa che
è quello là....
Lello
(gridando)
Ma no! Nient’affatto! Perchè io non mi sono mai considerato come il
tuo amante! Il mio studio è stato sempre questo!
Evelina
Lo so. E infatti non mi viene di dirlo, credi, neanche a me, che sei il
mio amante. Io forse non capisco ancora bene: scusa, ti lamenti per
gli altri o per te?
Lello
Per me e per gli altri mi lamento!
Evelina
E allora hai torto doppiamente. (Pigiando sulle parole) Ho lasciato lĂ 
mio marito, per ritornare a te. Per la gente, come amante, puoi
esserne contento, mi pare. Ma siccome poi non hai voluto mai
considerarti, mai essere il mio amante, ma mio marito, è vero?
Lello
Mi pare!
Evelina
Ecco, dunque: marito, con tutto il diritto di pretendere alla fedeltĂ 
della propria moglie, è vero?

Lello
Mi pare!
Evelina
Oh, e allora come marito puoi anche essere contento e soddisfatto,
perchè t’assicuro che ho osservato per te tutto il mio dovere di
moglie, ed eccomi qua! — Che vuoi di più?
Lello
(scattando)
Ah, bello! Ah, grazie così! Là l’amore, e qua il dovere? Grazie, cara,
no! Io preferisco allora il contrario!
Evelina
Ah, ora, il contrario?
Lello
Il contrario! il contrario, sicuro! Che fosse stato lui, lĂ , tuo marito, un
sacrifizio per te, e non il tuo ritorno qua — così!
Evelina
Ma se non è stato....
Lello
L’hai detto tu stessa! tu! E viene a essere per me un insulto —
guarda!; — così, la tua fedeltà!
Evelina
Anche un insulto?

Lello
SĂŹ, cara, un insulto! un insulto! E non so che farmene!
Evelina
Ma sai? credetti che bisognasse a me — se tu non sai che fartene —
per potermi riaccostare, senza arrossire, a «tua» figlia. — Se mi dici
che non sai che fartene....
Lello
(accecato dall’ira)
Ma che vuoi che m’importi, in questo caso, di mia figlia!
Evelina
(ironica e con forza)
Ah, ecco! Benissimo! Anche lui là mi disse: — «Che vuoi che
m’importi di mio figlio, se vieni qua per lui?»
Lello
(impressionato)
Ti disse cosĂŹ?
Evelina
(con foga appassionata)
CosÏ! cosÏ! Ed è tempo che la finiate tutti e due! Perchè importa a
me, se non importa a voi! — Oh, insomma! Tu hai qua la Titti; lui s’è
preso Aldo là. Ciascuno di voi può stare per sè, con tutta la sua vita.
Ma io no, perchè Aldo là è mio e suo; la Titti qua è mia e tua. Lui mi
vuole per sè; tu mi vuoi per te! Non posso mica dividermi, io, metà
qua, metĂ  lĂ ! Sono lĂ  e qua! Una e una!

Lello
Là e qua? Ah no! Là e qua, no! Là e qua, no! — O qua o là, cara! o
qua o lĂ !
Evelina
E non capisci che non toccherebbe di dirlo a te, questo?
Lello
No no: te lo dico io! te lo dico io! Qua e lĂ , no!...
Evelina
(sdegnata, fiera)
Ma come intendi ch’io dica qua e là? Dico per i miei figli; non per te
e per lui! E perciò potevo farti osservare che non conveniva a te di
ribellarti e di fare lo sdegnoso! — Se con qualcuno io avrei l’obbligo
di stare, non l’avrei con te!
Lello
Come?
Evelina
No! Perchè se sono qua con te, nessuno può credere che sia per
obbligo, nè per convenienza; tanto piÚ ora, se è vero che per
questa mia andata là la mia reputazione è irrimediabilmente
compromessa! Starei con te perchè voglio starci, ad onta della mia
reputazione.
Lello
Ma se ora so che non vorresti....

Evelina
Come non vorrei, se sono ritornata, se ho difeso lĂ , contro me
stessa, il mio diritto di ritornare! (Minacciosa, recisa) Vuoi che vada
lĂ ? Mi respingi tu, allora! E allora il diritto di rivedere qua mia figlia io
non lo perdo, bada! Me ne starò là, e faremo, come tu preferisci, al
contrario!
Lello
(stretto dall’argomentazione, con un viso molto
inebetito)
Io, preferisco? io, preferisco?
Evelina
Eh, mi pare....
Lello
(irritato di non potersi in alcun modo
riprendere; con violenza)
Io non preferisco niente! non preferisco niente!
Evelina
(prima placida, sicura; poi, man mano, con foga
crescente)
Oh, e neanche io, vedi? Niente. M’impongo di non preferire niente,
perchè non voglio perderlo il diritto di rivedere i miei figli. Se
pretendi che non veda piĂš Aldo, rompo con te. SĂŹ, sĂŹ, caro mio!
Proprio come lĂ  ho respinto lui, per ritornare a vedere qua mia figlia.
Siete uomini, voi — e basta! Io sono madre! Messa in una situazione
impossibile! Una lĂ  con quello che mi fa essere.... come qua con te,
Dio mio, non mi passa, non mi passa neppure per il capo di poter
essere! Un’altra — un’altra. — Ma non rimpiango, oh, non credere

che rimpianga nulla per questo! Perchè io.... non so.... sono pure
«questa», qua. Non soffro, non soffro, ti giuro, Lello, d’essere qua,
questa, come per tanti anni sono stata! Non mi costa nulla volermi
anche per me, come tu mi vuoi, placida, sennata, ordinata; tutt’al
contrario di come.... io non so perchè.... divento subito per
quell’altro, appena.... appena mi guarda dentro gli occhi.
Lello
E ti grida: ÂŤIviĂš!Âť
Evelina
Già, così.... Vedi, m’è corso come un brivido per tutte le carni....
Lello
(furioso, sprezzante)
E vai dunque là, vai dunque là, dove c’è chi ti fa correre di codesti
brividi per le carni!...
Evelina
(forte, gridando, quasi piangendo dalla rabbia di
non esser compresa)
Ma no! Sei sciocco! Non farmi impazzire, ora! Sento che impazzisco,
io, cosĂŹ! E non voglio impazzire! Non sono mica impazzita, io, lĂ , ti
prego di credere! Ho tenuto a posto me e lui! Mi è parso piuttosto
d’impazzire durante il viaggio, pensando.... pensando... (Parandoglisi
davanti improvvisamente) Tu non sei mica lo stesso, scusa, con me e
con un’altra donna!
Lello
(stordito)
Come? io? che c’entro io ora? Quale donna?

Evelina
Dico una qualunque; una donna che per caso.... (non dico che sia
vero), una donna che ti facesse essere diverso da quello che sei per
me....
Lello
(scrollandosi, non comprendendo)
Come, diverso? Ma che dici?
Evelina
No, senti, senti quante cose ho pensato! — Tu, per me, lo sai perchè
sei cosÏ? Pare facile; una sciocchezza. Sei cosÏ, perchè naturalmente
il sentimento che io t’ispiro, il sentimento che tu hai per me ti fa
essere cosĂŹ.
Lello
Naturalmente.
Evelina
Ma se t’ispirassi domani un altro sentimento? Se tu non sentissi per
me quello che ora senti? Tu diventeresti un altro.
Lello
Perchè non t’amerei più, sfido! Un altro, per te. Ma sarei sempre io.
Evelina
No! no! Ecco, è questo! Non è vero! Perchè tu, anche adesso, anche
adesso, potresti avere un diverso sentimento per un’altra donna; e
basterebbe questo perchè tu fossi uno con quella, e uno con me:
diverso! — Vedi? è questo! L’ho provato io, con tutto l’orrore di
vedere in me un’altra — quell’altra — oltre questa che sono qua per

te e per me stessa: — due, in una persona sola! In un solo corpo,
ma che potrebbe essere di ÂŤquestaÂť e di ÂŤquellaÂť, se non dovesse
parere mostruoso e assurdo che allora, per se stesso, questo corpo,
non sarebbe piĂš nulla, fuori di quel sentimento che lo fa essere ora
di «questa» e ora di «quella»; e con la memoria intanto dell’una e
dell’altra — vedi? questo è il terribile! — terribile perchè rompe
quell’illusione che ciascuno si fa, ricordando, di essere «uno»,
sempre lo stesso. Non è vero! L’ho veduto, l’ho provato io! Se tu
m’avessi vista là, a cavallo....
Lello
Sei andata a cavallo?
Evelina
Sì; come prima! una cavallerizza! e Giorgio Armelli m’ha sorpreso
sull’altalena.... Se m’avesse visto la Titti! Dio, Dio.... Non m’avrebbe
piĂš riconosciuta; avrebbe esclamato: ÂŤMa come! Quella, la mia
mamma?Âť Eppure per me, lĂ , allora, era naturale, naturalissimo.... E
io stessa, ora, guardandomi di qua.... mi pare un sogno....
vedendomi poi anche «questa», qua.... un’altra; irriconoscibile....
Una qua, una là.... E l’una che non ha nulla da vedere con l’altra, se
non questo tormento di scoprirsi, di sentirsi ÂŤdueÂť veramente, fino a
respingere là — com’ho fatto — mio marito, non già perchè non mi
sentissi viva di tutta quell’altra mia vita là; ma perchè qua c’era
quest’altra, che sentii, sentii ugualmente viva di tutt’intera quest’altra
mia vita — così diversa — capisci?
Lello
E vorresti, dopo questo, ritornare ancora là, «a quell’altra tua vita?»
Evelina
(precipitosamente)

Nonononononò! Basta! basta! Impazzirei! Verrà lui, Aldo, qua, d’ora
in poi! Per me, basta; puoi esserne sicuro! Mai più! — Vedersi
un’altra? È la pazzia. Sono anche quell’altra, sai? È certo! Ma non
debbo piĂš vedermi cosĂŹ, qua e lĂ , questa e quella. Basta! basta!
Si schiude l’uscio a sinistra e compare la Titti, palliduccia,
spettinata, non ben sicura sulle lunghe gambette. Da questo
punto, con stacco netto, dia la scena la sensazione della vita che
si riassetta tranquilla su le sue basi naturali.
Titti
Mamma!
Evelina
(subito voltandosi e accorrendo a sorreggerla e
abbracciandola)
Titti! Titti mia! Come? Oh Dio! Ti sei levata da te?
Titti
(fremente)
SĂŹ, sĂŹ....
Evelina
Hai ragione, la mia Titti! Tanti discorsi inutili, sciocchi, inconcludenti
qua, e ho lasciato sola di lĂ  la mia Titti! (Se la guarda; se la carezza;
le ravvia i capellucci) Come sei pallidina! come sei magrolina!
(Mostrandola a Lello) Ma guarda: piĂš alta.... sĂŹ, guarda! non ti pare
che si sia fatta piĂš alta?
Lello
(tranquillissimo ora anche lui, chinandosi a
guardare la figlia)

Eh sì, eh sì.... oh guarda: t’arriva quasi alla spalla....
Evelina
(serrandosi di nuovo al seno la figlia)
Quasi alla spalla.... quasi alla spalla, la mia piccina bella! la mia
piccina! (E prende a dondolarla, a dondolarla piano, cosĂŹ dicendo,
mentre Lello le guarda tutt’e due, rasserenato e sorridente) Ma non
voglio, non voglio, sai? che tu mi diventi presto una donnina,
piccolina mia, piccolina mia, non voglio, non voglio....
TELA

Nota del Trascrittore
Ortografia e punteggiatura originali sono state
mantenute, correggendo senza annotazione minimi errori
tipografici.
Copertina creata dal trascrittore e posta nel pubblico
dominio.

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