Action research

Action Research detail

1. ACTION RESEARCH Dr. Samina

2. Meaning of Fundamental Research “”” Research is an honest, exhaustive, intelligent searching of facts and their meaning of implication with reference to a given problem. The product or finding of a given piece of research should be authentic verifiable contribution to the knowledge of field.” - P.M.Cook

3. Action Research “ Action Research is a procedure that tries to keep problem solving in close touch with reality at every stage.” Research in Education

4. Action research is a new direction in fundamental research by keeping it in different situations to solve day to day problems.

5. Fundamental Research is a formal and systematic process using scientific method of analysis and generalization. Action Research has adopted basic concept of fundamental research but emphasized on solution of the problem rather than implementation of principles.

6. Difference between Action and Fundamental Research Fundamental Research Action Research 1. It developed with Physical Sciences. 1.It developed with Social Sciences. 2. Its main aim is to invent new principles. 2. Its main aim is to improve the work system of school. 3. Its problem has a wide field. 3. Its problem has a narrow field. 4.Its problem is related to general condition/ situation. 4. Its problem is related to specific condition. 5.It needs special training. 5. It can be done without special training.

7. 6. Realities and facts are formulated in it. 6. Practical solutions to real problems are found in it. 7. Research design is not changed in it. 7. Research design can be changed in it. 8. Generalization is emphasized in this type of research. 8. Generalization is not very much emphasized in it. 9. Researcher should be specialist in this research. 9. This research can be done by Managers and School teachers. 10. Researchers don’t have direct contact with the problems. 10. Researchers have direct contact with the problems in this type of research.

8. Definition of Action Research “ Action research is the research , a person conducts in order to enable him to achieve his purposes more effectively.” Research in Education

9. “ Action Research in education is research undertaken by practitioners in order that they may improve their practices.” Corey

10. “ Action research is research used by teachers, supervisors and administrators to improve the quality of their decisions and actions.” Good

11. Historical Background of Action Research - Collier used this word first in America at the time of II World War. -Emphasized that no reform is possible without active participation of general human beings and administrative officers in research work. - Lewin in 1946 emphasized on the use of action research in the field of Social Science to improve Human Relations.

12. - Wrghtstone used this term in Curriculum Bauru. - Tuba, Brady & Robinson used it to solve problem - Stephen M. Corey from Columbia University used it in 1953 in the field of Education in his book Action Research to improve the Educational System of School.

13. Aims and Purposes of Action Research According to Anderson-To verify the Principles of Education in actual school environment. To improve Educational System by desirable change in School Organization and Administration. To give maximum importance to Democratic Values in Educational System.

14. To contribute in the progress of school by acknowledging and solving the daily problems. To make progress possible by making the teachers and students aware with their loop holes/ demerits. To bring desirable changes in the Curriculum in real classroom situation according to the needs of that particular area.

15. To make the Principal, Manager, Supervisor and Teachers of the school aware with their liabilities and responsibilities. To provide an opportunity to school authorities to do scientific study of their problems for improving their methodology. According to Best- To increase the capability of Teacher’s progress, Thinking Power, Vocational feeling and cooperation. To improve different activities in school and also uplift those working for this.

16. Scope of Action Research Maim Emphasis Qualitative progress of school by solving school related problems.

17. Problems of Action Research Problems related with Child Behaviour (Stealing, Late coming, Absence, Truant, Indiscipline, Quarrelling, Delinquency, ) Problems related to Teaching(Teacher related and student related factors) Problems related with Examination(Due to lack of objectivity and reliability in the test, Lack of Diagnostic Testing, Lack of collaboration between Teaching and Examination)

18. Problems related with Co curricular Activities(Lack of facilities and time, Unfavorable attitude of school authorities) Problems regarding School Organization and Administration( Infrastructure related and other problems)

19. Characteristics of Action Research According to Anderson 1. It is conducted in real school situation. 2. It emphasizes on one particular situation. 3. It emphasizes on one particular situation as a whole, not on different parts. 4. It does not have generalized rule for other situations. 5. It invents new techniques for collecting material & information.

20. 6. The researcher always keeps in mind the possibility to reform himself. 7. The researcher becomes active participant in the whole procedure from beginning till end. 8. In this type of research the Principles, Managers & Administrators of various schools work in assistance with each other. 9. In it General Aims of school are changed, new hypothesis are framed & tested.

21. Importance of Action Research Changes & improves work system of School. Emphasizes on establishment of Democratic Values in school. Tries to finish mechanical & traditional atmosphere of school. Inspires Principles & Teachers to collect their earlier experience & get benefit out of it.

22. Provides practical solution to the problems of Teachers, Managers, Supervisors & Students. Try to establish school as miniature society by making curriculum relevant to the society’s demands, values & expectations. Organizes school activities in effective way for all round development of child’s personality.

23. Helps in dealing with the new situations of life due to scientific discoveries. Develops feeling of love, cooperation & affection among teachers. Helps Principals, Teachers, Managers & Administrators in using scientific techniques & objective method for improving evaluation.

24. Merits of Action Research Emphasizes on Practical Approach than formulation of new Principles. Its experiment depends on change in reality. It finishes the tendency of centralization in decision making & work. Researcher improves himself by solving his problems necessarily.

25. Emphasizes on realities & principles. Thus bring changes continuously. Makes teacher familiar with those type of solutions which could easily understood & could be used. Brings change in the attitude & thinking of the teacher before changing his teaching method or behaviour .

26. Demerits of Action Research Due to lack of training or experience it does not have quality. Due to unawareness about the scientific method of research, teachers sometimes don’t even understand the problem & its solution. Due to very close connectivity of teachers / supervisors with the problem of the school, they sometimes find it difficult to find non biased solution of the problems.

27. The results of this type of research cannot be used in any other situation. It is conducted by the teachers who are already over burdened, which results in deteriorated work efficiency of teachers .

28. Steps of Action Research According to Anderson 1. Identification of Problem 2. Discussion over Proposals 3. Selecting the course of Action & Developing the Hypothesis (a) Plan to solve the problem (b) Verification of the plan (c) Achievement of Aim with the help of plan

29. 4. Planning for the collection of Data 5.Taking action & gathering evidence 6. Drawing conclusion from the Data 7.Communicating findings to others

30. Action Research Project on School Problem Problem: Truancy among students Name of the School: Number of Students: Class: Researcher: Assisting Members: Duration of Action Research:

31. 1. Background of the Problem 2. Discussion on the Problem 3. Identification of the Problem 4. Causes of the Problem 5. Work Proposals 6. Formulation of Hypothesis 7. Data/ Facts collection method 8. Implementation of Program of Action 9. Result of the Program 10. Information of the Results